Water pollution occurs when water bodies become contaminated by harmful substances, making the water unsafe or difficult for aquatic organisms to survive. There are many types and sources of water pollution. Types include nutrients pollution from wastewater and fertilizers, surface water pollution from hazardous substances, and chemical pollution from industries. Sources are point sources like sewage pipes and non-point sources like agricultural runoff. Effects of water pollution include reproductive harm to wildlife, increased algae growth and reduced oxygen in water, health issues for humans, and harm to ecosystems from temperature changes or toxic chemicals accumulating in food chains.

1. WATER POLLUTION
Presented by-Parmar Nirali M.
Roll No-206
M.Sc Sem -2
Botany CBO-405
Department of life sciences.,
H.N.G.U ,PATAN

2. CONTENT
• Introduction
• Types of water pollution
• Sources
• Effects on plants and ecosystem

3. Introduction
Water pollution:-
-When something is added to environment that makes it unclean or unsafe it
is called pollution.
-Water pollution occurs when the water become loded with too much off one
thing and the aquatic organisam can not keep up with their cleaning
responsibilities.
-Some organisams may die and others go to fast.
-There are many types and sources of water pollution(such as sawage
pollution) that can pollute surface water or ground water.

4. Types of water pollution
• There are many types of water pollution because water comes from
many sources.here are a few types of water pollution :
• 1.Nutrients pollution
-some wastewater,fertilizers and sewage contain high levels of nutrients.
-if they end up in water bodies,they encourage algae and weed growth in
the water.
-This will make the water undrinkable,and even clog filters.

5. 2.Surface water pollution
-Surface water includes natural water found on the earth’s surface,like
rivers,lakes,lagoons and oceans.
-hazardous substances coming into contact with this surface
water,dissolving or mixing physically with the water can be called surface
water pollution.
3.Oxygen depleting
-water bodies have micro- oraganisms. These include aerobic and
anaerobic oraganisams.
-when too much biodegradable matter end up in water,it encourages
more microorganisms growth.

6. 4. Ground water pollution
-When humans apply pesticides and chemicals to soils,they are
washed deep into the ground by rain water.
-This gets to under ground water,causing pollution under ground.
5. Chemical water pollution
-Many industries and farmers work with chemicals that end up in
water.
-This is commen with Point-source pollution.

7. 6. Oil spillage:-
• Oil tankers and off
shore pretroleum
refineries cause oil
leakage polluting
water.
• Oil spills can cause
death of many aquatic
organisms and also
strick to the bodies and
feather so seabirds
which makes them
unable to fly.

8. Sources of water pollution
1.Point source pollution:-
• Water pollution caused by point sources refer to the contaminants that
enter the water body from a single, identifiable source like pipe or ditch.
• Point source pollutants can be discharges from sewage treatment plant,
factories or a city storm drain. Sources of water pollution, particularly
ground water pollution are group under two categories based on the origin
of the pollutant.

9. 2.Non point source pollution:-
• pollution caused by non point sources refers to the contamination
that does not originate from a single source.
• Non point source pollution is the cumulative effect of small
contaminants gathered in large area.
• Leaching of nitrogen compounds from agricultural land, storm water
runoff over an agricultural land or a forest are examples of non
point source pollution.

10. 3. Thermal water pollution:-
• Thermal water pollution is the rise or fall in water temperatures.
• This changes in the temperature of water can be caused due to
industries.
• Some industries use water as cooling agent, the heated water is let off
directly into the natural environment at a higher temperature.
• Cold water pollution happens when cold water is released into the water
bodies.

11. • Aquatic organisms
like fish are
vulnerable to slight
changes in the
temperature.
• Heated water
decreases oxygen
in the water killing
fish and other
aquatic organisms.

12. Effects of water pollution
• Ground water contamination from pesticides causes reproductive
damage within wildlife in ecosystems.
• Sewage, fertilizer and agricultural runoff contain organic materials that
when discharged into water,increase the growth of algae, which causes
the depletion of oxygen.
• Swimming in and drinking contaminated water causes skin rashes and
health problems like cancer, reproductive problems, typhoid fever and
stomach sickness in humans.

14. • Industrial chemicals and agricultural pesticides that end up in
aquatic environments can accumulate in fish that are later eaten by
humans.
• Mercury is particularly poisonous to small children and women.
• Mercury has been found to interfere with the development of the
nervous system in fetusues and children.
• Ecosystems are destroyed by the rising temperature in the water, as
coral reefs are affected by the bleaching effect due to warmer
temperatures.

18. • The specific effects vary depending on what pollutants enter the
environment.
• Sometimes, water pollution causes an explosion of new plant
growth by providing necessary nutrients and food.
• Other times, it can harm or kill plants by changing growing
condition, such as by raising or lowering the environment 's acidity.

19. REFERENCE:-
• Plant - Ecology :- S.K.Singh
• www.google.com
• https://biology. tutorvista.com

20. Thank you