The PPT Brief About the Ozone Layer?,
Where it is located?,
Why It is Important?
Why it is depleting?,
What are the effects of the Ozone Depletion?,
What to be done to save the ozone layer ?.
The PPT Brief About the Ozone Layer?,
Where it is located?,
Why It is Important?
Why it is depleting?,
What are the effects of the Ozone Depletion?,
What to be done to save the ozone layer ?.
Greenhouse a building made mainly of glass, with heat & humidity regulated for growing plants. The atmosphere acts like a glass in a greenhouse.
Atmosphere, like glass absorbs some of the long wave radiation emitted by earth and radiates the energy back to earth. In this way temperature of earth is maintained.
The atmosphere surrounding the earth in this manner plays a vital role in maintaining an even temperature on the earth’s surface.
A greenhouse is that body which allows the short wavelength incoming solar radiation to come in, but does not allow the long wave outgoing terrestrial infrared radiation to escape.
Ozone (O3) is a molecule made up of three atoms of oxygen (O), and very reactive gas.
Bluish gas that harmful to breathe.
Is mostly found in the stratosphere, where it protects us from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
Although it represents only a tiny fraction of the atmosphere, ozone is essential for life on Earth.
Ozone in the stratosphere— a layer of the atmosphere between 15 and 50 kilometers (10 and 31 miles) above us—acts as a shield to protect Earth’s surface from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation.
Ozone Layer (components, formation and depletion)Aneela Rafiq
ozone layer is a like a protection shield around earth. it protects living things from harmful radiation effect. but due to rapid urbanization and usage of lethal chemicals, it has some depletion.
this presentation elaborate the ozone layer and its components.
The THEORY that the ozone layer in the stratosphere might be damaged by human intervention PRECEDED the actual OBSERVATION of the ozone hole.
Yet, when the hole WAS observed (via satellite) it was almost “missed” because it wasn’t expected . . .
Greenhouse a building made mainly of glass, with heat & humidity regulated for growing plants. The atmosphere acts like a glass in a greenhouse.
Atmosphere, like glass absorbs some of the long wave radiation emitted by earth and radiates the energy back to earth. In this way temperature of earth is maintained.
The atmosphere surrounding the earth in this manner plays a vital role in maintaining an even temperature on the earth’s surface.
A greenhouse is that body which allows the short wavelength incoming solar radiation to come in, but does not allow the long wave outgoing terrestrial infrared radiation to escape.
Ozone (O3) is a molecule made up of three atoms of oxygen (O), and very reactive gas.
Bluish gas that harmful to breathe.
Is mostly found in the stratosphere, where it protects us from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
Although it represents only a tiny fraction of the atmosphere, ozone is essential for life on Earth.
Ozone in the stratosphere— a layer of the atmosphere between 15 and 50 kilometers (10 and 31 miles) above us—acts as a shield to protect Earth’s surface from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation.
Ozone Layer (components, formation and depletion)Aneela Rafiq
ozone layer is a like a protection shield around earth. it protects living things from harmful radiation effect. but due to rapid urbanization and usage of lethal chemicals, it has some depletion.
this presentation elaborate the ozone layer and its components.
The THEORY that the ozone layer in the stratosphere might be damaged by human intervention PRECEDED the actual OBSERVATION of the ozone hole.
Yet, when the hole WAS observed (via satellite) it was almost “missed” because it wasn’t expected . . .
Ozone Layer Depletion, Greenhouse Effect & Global WarmingNeetha Joseph
This is a presentation regarding some of those little threats our Earth is going through....The presentation is made interesting with a wide range of pictures, illustrations and animations...Please download to see the animated slideshow...Hope this comes of help to you!
Role of ozone in environment –
Ozone layer –
Ozone depleting gases –
Green House Effect –
Radioactive effects of Greenhouse gases –
The Hydrological cycle –
Green House Gases and Global Warming –
Carbon Cycle.
Ozone is a naturally occurring molecule made up of three oxygen atoms. It has the chemical formula O3.
The word ‘ozone’ is derived from the Greek word óζειν which means “to smell”. Its strong smell allows scientists to detect it in low amounts.
Ozone is found in different levels of the earth’s atmosphere.
About 90% of ozone in the atmosphere is concentrated between 15 and 30 kilometres above the earth's surface (stratospheric ozone).
At this level it provides a protective shield from the sun, we think of this as good ozone.
It is also found at ground level in lower concentrations (tropospheric ozone).
Here ozone is a pollutant that is a key part of smog over cities and we think of it as bad ozone.
Atmospheric data demonstrates that ozone depleting substances are destroying ozone in the stratosphere and thinning the earth’s ozone layer.
Ozone depleting substances are chemicals that include -
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs); nontoxic, nonflammable chemicals containing atoms of carbon, chlorine, and fluorine.
halons, group of organohalogen compounds containing bromine and fluorine and one or two carbons.
carbon tetrachloride (CCl4),
methyl chloroform (CH3CCl3),
Hydro-bromo-fluoro-carbons (HBFCs),
Hydro-chloro-fluoro-carbons (HCFCs),
methyl bromide (CH3Br) and
bromochloromethane (CH2BrCl).
They deplete the ozone layer by releasing chlorine and bromine atoms into the stratosphere, which destroy ozone molecules.
These and other ozone depleting substances also contribute, to varying extents, to global warming
Learn all about Global warming and Ozone layer, find out why are we victims of global warming and what can we do to control the situation. Get a clear view of Ozone layer, Ozone Depletion as well as what to avoid in order to stop Ozone Depletion. Enjoy!!!
This slides includes all the topics about the ozone layer, ozone depletion, causes and effects. the significant of ozone layer.
This slide emphasize the purpose of ozone layer in our daily living.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
growbilliontrees.com-Trees for Granddaughter (1).pdf
World ozone day presentation
1. International Day for the Preservation
of the Ozone Layer, 16 September
'32 years and Healing'
2. Components of Earth
Earth is composed of three components
Lithosphere, Hydrosphere and Atmosphere.
According to Temperature, Atmosphere have
four different layers
Troposphere,
Stratosphere (Comprising Ozone Layer),
Mesosphere and
Thermosphere.
3. Location of ozone layer
• Stratosphere: The stratosphere is a layer of Earth's atmosphere that is stratified
in temperature, with warmer layers higher up and cooler layers farther down.
• Ozone Layer: The layer with the highest concentration of ozone molecules, is
found in the stratosphere. The ozone layer filters much out of the sun's
ultraviolet radiation that would be harmful to most forms of life.
• Troposphere: The troposphere is the lowermost portion of the Earth's
atmosphere and the one in which most weather and the "greenhouse" effect
occurs.
4. Importance of Ozone Layer
• Ozone Layer acts as a shield to protect the short
wave, more powerful and harmful radiations such as
X-rays, Gamma, Beta and UV radiations (280–
315 nm) from sun.
• Without the Ozone Layer the risk of many factors
increase considerably.
5.
6. How ozone is
formed?
In the stratosphere ozone molecule is dissociated into
molecular oxygen and oxygen molecules when absorbs a
photon from ultraviolet radiation (>240 nm). These singlet
oxygen atoms combines with a oxygen molecule forms a
ozone molecule.
O2 + O →O3
O3 UV radiation → O2 + O
(photon molecule)
This is a continuous process that take place in the ozone layer.
The overall amount of ozone in the stratosphere is determined
by a balance between photochemical production and
recombination.
7.
8. Ozone depleting substances
In 1974, Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina
demonstrated how CFCs were splitting ozone
molecules into atmospheric oxygen and chlorine
monoxide molecules, which earned them the 1995
Nobel Prize in chemistry.
The most important process of ozone depletion is
through catalytic destruction of
atomic chlorine (Cl), and atomic bromine (Br)
molecules and by free radicals of Nitric oxide
(NO), Nitrous oxide (N2O), and Hydroxyl
radicals(OH).
9. The main source of these compounds in the stratosphere is
photo-dissociation of Chloro-fluro-carbon (CFC) compounds
and Bromo-fluro-carbon (BFC) compounds. They are
commonly referred to as Freons and Halons respectively.
CFCl3+electro magnetic radiation Cl +CFCl2
Cl+O3→ClO+O2:
The chlorine atom changes an ozone molecule to ordinary
oxygen
These highly stable compounds released on the earth are
transported to stratosphere.
Bromine is more reactive than Chlorine but Br concentration
is less in the atmosphere.
10.
11. A CFC molecule takes an average of about five to seven
years to go from the ground level to the upper atmosphere,
and it can stay there for about a century, destroying up to
one hundred thousand ozone molecules in this period.
The breakdown of ozone in the stratosphere results in
decrease in the ozone concentration thus reducing the
absorption of ultraviolet radiation. This leads to increase in
the temperatures in the troposphere(Earth).
1.1.1 trichloro-2,2,2 trifluroethane also known as CFC113a
is one of four man-made chemicals discovered in the
atmosphere. It is increasing and source is unknown.
Ozone depletion
12. Ozone hole formation
• The ozone hole occurs mostly during
spring season in Antarctic region (from
September to early December) as
strong westerly winds circulate around
the continent and create an
atmospheric container.
• During this period there will not be
sunlight for three months and
temperature is -80 degrees. This leads
to formation of Polar Stratospheric
clouds (PSC).
• The PSC provide a platform for
chemical reactions whose products will
lead to ozone destruction.
• Within this polar vortex, over 50% of
the lower stratospheric ozone is
destroyed.
13. • The photochemical processes involved are complex but
well understood.
• Most of the chlorine in the stratosphere resides in
"reservoir" compounds, primarily as chlorine nitrate,
and as HCl.
• The formation of end products essentially remove Cl
from the ozone depletion process.
• During the change in the seasons (Antarctic winter and
spring) reactions on the surface of the polar
stratospheric cloud particles convert these "reservoir"
compounds into reactive free radicals (Cl and ClO).
14. • A major hole is now over Antarctica, where
there are ice sheets. If these Ice sheets melt, it
could increase coastal flooding causing a violent
shift in climate.
15.
16. Treaty and Protocols
Montreal protocol, on substances
that deplete the ozone layer, an
International treaty protocol to the
Vienna Convention (1985) for the
protection of ozone layer, was
negotiated and signed by 24
countries and by the European
Economic Community in September
1987.
This protocol agreed on 16
September, 1987
Entered into force on 1 January,
1989. • First meeting was held in
Helsinki, on May 1989.
17. On December 19,1994, the United Nations General
Assembly, proclaimed September 16 to be the International
day for the preservation of the ozone layer,
commemorating the date when Montreal protocol was
signed.
The World Ozone Day was first celebrated on September
16, 1995.
18. On this day, a number of special events such as talks
and seminars are held in Canadian city of Montreal
and allmost all countries regarding ozone.
This day is mainly intended to spread awareness of
the depletion of the ozone layer and search for the
solution to preserve it.
People from all over the world are expected to gather
in Montreal on September, 16 to join the talks and
seminars.
This year's theme(“32 years and Healing”) celebrates
three decades of remarkable international
cooperation to protect the Ozone Layer and the
climate under the Montreal Protocol.
19. This year's theme(“32 years and Healing”) celebrates three
decades of remarkable international cooperation to protect the
Ozone Layer and the climate under the Montreal Protocol.
It also reminds the people to keep up the momentum to ensure
healthy people and a healthy planet. In 2018, the latest
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion was completed.
This assessment shows that the parts of the Ozone Layer have
recovered at a rate of 1-3% per decade since 2000.
Even at the protected rates, Northern hemisphere and mid-
latitude ozone will heal completely by the 2030s.
The Southern Hemisphere will follow in the 2050s and Polar
Regions by 2060. No doubt Ozone Layer protection efforts also
contribute in fighting with the climate change.
21. squamous cell carcinomas and Malignant melanoma (less frequent
but more lethal) are two type of cancers caused by UVB radiation.
These cancers are relatively mild and rarely fatal.
absorption of UVB radiation causes the pyrimidine bases in the
DNA molecule to form dimers, resulting in transcription errors
when the DNA replicates.
Cortical cataracts
The risks are particularly high for young children, the elderly, and
those with asthma or other respiratory difficulties.
whales off the coast of California have shown a sharp rise in sun
damage.
Human and Animal Health:
22.
23. Plant Health
A number of economically important species of plants,
such as rice, depend on cyanobacteria residing on their
roots for the retention of nitrogen.
Cyanobacteria are sensitive to UV radiation and would be
affected.
Despite mechanisms to reduce or repair the effects of
increased ultraviolet radiation, plants have limited ability
to adapt to increased levels of UVB, therefore plant
growth can be directly affected by UVB radiation.
24.
25. Aquatic Ecosystems:
Damage to phytoplankton, fish larvae, shrimp, crabs
reproduction.
Affects marine food chain, resulting in decreased
fish production.
Materials:
Paints, rubber, wood and plastic are degraded faster,
especially in tropical regions
Such damages accounts to billions of dollars
annually.
26.
27. Limit private vehicle driving- A very easy way to control
ozone depletion would be to limit or reduce the amount of
driving as vehicular emissions eventually result in smog
which is a culprit in the deterioration of the ozone layer.
Reduce the source of Nitrous oxide and CFC.
Minimize high altitude aircraft flights
Minimize rocket flights
Encourage growth of plants that produce oxygen.
Eliminate production and release of ozone depleting chemicals
(such as CFCs and BFCs).
Ways to prevent ozone depletion
28.
29. At Global level
1. Many environmental organization, such as EPA and
treaties must be signed to phase out the use of harmful
substances like CFCs that contribute ozone depletion.
2. Developing stringent regulations for rocket launches.
30.
31. Climate 101- Ozone Depletion - National
Geographic.mp4