The document discusses World Heart Day 2023, which has the theme "Use Heart to Know Heart." The day aims to unite people worldwide in fighting heart disease and promoting heart-healthy lifestyles. Cardiovascular disease is the world's number one killer, responsible for over 20 million deaths annually. However, 80% of premature deaths from cardiovascular disease are preventable through lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, and stress management. The document outlines key risk factors for heart disease and provides 10 simple steps that individuals can take to maintain a healthy heart, such as eating well, exercising regularly, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol, and managing conditions like high blood pressure and cholesterol.

1. World Heart Day 2023
Use Heart to Know Heart
• Dr Seebat Masrur
• D-Card Student
• Cardiology Department
• SZMCH

2. Introduction
World Heart Day is a global initiative
dedicated to uniting people around the world
in the fight against heart disease and
promoting heart-healthy lifestyles. Organized
by the World Heart Federation, this year's
event centers around the theme 'Use Heart
to Know Heart’
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3. World Heart Day is a reminder to everyone around the world to take care
of their hearts. This year’s campaign focuses on the essential step of
knowing our hearts first.
BECAUSE WE LOVE AND PROTECT ONLY WHAT WE KNOW. In a world
where knowledge about heart health is limited and policies are
insufficient or lacking, we aim to shatter barriers and empower
individuals to take control of their well-being.
BECAUSE WHEN WE KNOW MORE , WE CAN TAKE BETTER CARE.
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4. WORLD’S BIGGEST
KILLER
• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the world’s
number one killer. Combined, conditions
affecting the heart or blood vessels – such
as heart attack, stroke and heart failure – kill
20.5 million every year. The majority of
these deaths happen in low- and middle-
income countries.
• 80% of premature deaths from CVD are
preventable. By making small changes to our
lifestyle – what we eat and drink, how much
we exercise, and how we manage stress –
we can better manage our heart health and
beat CVD.
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5. Global Heart & Circulatory Diseases Factsheet
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6. Global Heart & Circulatory Diseases Factsheet
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7. Biggest Killers Worldwide (GBD 2019 Estimates)
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8. Know Your Risk
factors

9. 9

10. RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
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Behavioural factors Metabolic factors Environmental factors
-Insufficient physical
activity
-High sodium intake
-High alcohol
consumption
-Tobacco smoking
-High blood pressure
-High fasting plasma
glucose
-High body-mass index
-High levels of low-
density lipoprotein
(LDL) cholesterol
-Air Pollution
-Water Pollution
-Sound Pollution

11. Physical Inactivity
• Physical inactivity has a profound impact on the
development and progression of heart disease.
• Increased Risk of Atherosclerosis
• High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
• Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome
• Insulin Resistance
• Reduced Collateral Circulation
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12. Physical activity
• Around 150 minutes of moderate
physical activity per week reduces the
risk of heart disease by 30% & risk of
diabetes by 27%.
• Examples: Brisk walking, running,
swimming, cycling, playing tennis and
jumping rope.
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13. DIABETES
• People living with diabetes are twice as likely to
develop and die from cardiovascular disease.
• Diabetes can damage your blood vessels and
nerves.
• The longer you live with diabetes, the higher
your risk of heart disease and stroke.
• For adults at age 60, having type 2 diabetes and
cardiovascular disease shortens life expectancy
by an average of 12 years.
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14. CHOLESTEROL
• Raised cholesterol is estimated to cause 2.6 million
deaths (4.5% of total) and is implicated in heart
diseases and stroke.
• Cholesterol is made up of two kinds: high-density
lipoproteins (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins
(LDL) and the ratio of good to bad is implicated in
heart disease, diabetes and stroke.
• Too much can form into plaques that narrow
arteries, block blood flow or even break apart and
lead to a heart attack or stroke
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15. Hypertension
• An estimated 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years worldwide
have hypertension, most (two-thirds) living in low- and middle-
income countries
• An estimated 46% of adults with hypertension are unaware that
they have the condition.
• Less than half of adults (42%) with hypertension are diagnosed
and treated.
• Approximately 1 in 5 adults (21%) with hypertension have it
under control.
• Hypertension is a major cause of premature death worldwide.
• Approximately 47% of coronary artery disease worldwide is
attributable to high BP P R E S E N T A T I O N T I T L E 15

16. TOBACCO USE
• Globally, tobacco causes some 6 million
deaths a year and poses a major risk for
developing heart disease—it is also a highly
preventable risk. Around 1.2 million deaths
are due to exposure to second-hand
smoke.
• Over 80% of the world’s 1.3 billion tobacco
users live in low- and middle-income
countries.
• More than 80% of adult deaths caused by
second-hand smoke are due to heart
disease.
• Quitting when older is still worthwhile:
among smokers who quit at age 66 years,
men gained up to two years of life, and
women gained up to 3.7 years.
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17. High Sodium Intake
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18. Obesity
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20. Mental Health
• Heart rate can become irregular.
• Blood pressure can increase.
• Fat cells become converted to bad
cholesterol.
• Platelet dysfunction occurs.
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21. Air Pollution The invisible killer
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22. Sound pollution
• 5-decibel increase in the
average 24-hour noise level was
associated with a 34% increase
in heart attacks, strokes, and
other serious heart-related
problems.
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23. Water
pollution
• Water pollution can
indirectly contribute to
heart disease.
• Water pollution can
introduce various
contaminants into drinking
water sources, including
heavy metals (e.g., lead,
arsenic), chemicals (e.g.,
pesticides, industrial
pollutants), and microbial
pathogens (e.g., bacteria, 23

24. Micro- and nanoplastics:
A new cardiovascular risk
factor?
This review unveils that MNPs can
disseminate and aggregate in the
circulatory system, threatening
cardiac function and causing toxicity
on (micro)vascular sites.
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25. Emerging new risk factors
• CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM
• C-REACTIVE PROTEIN
• LIPOPROTEIN (a)
• CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS
• HOMOCYSTEINE
• LIPOPROTEIN-ASSOCIATED
PHOSPHOLIPASE A2
• RADIATION EXPOSURE
• Resting Heart Rate
• COVID 19
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26. Prevention
through
Knowledge
• ``An ounce of prevention is
worth a pound of cure." -
Benjamin Franklin.
• Knowledge empowers,
Knowing what you can do
today can prevent regrets
tomorrow.
• This knowledge should start
with knowing your numbers
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27. 27

28. 10 Simple
steps towards
a healthy
heart

29. Step 1-Eat Well
• Cut down on sugary beverages and
artificial juices-Chose water or
unsweetened juices instead.
• Swap sweet, sugary treats for fresh
fruit as a healthy alternative.
• Try to eat 5 portions of fruits and
vegetables a day.
• Limit alcohol
• Limit processed food that are high in
salt, sugar and fat.
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30. Step 2-To get more Active
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Ami for at least 30
minutes of moderate
intensity physical
activity 5 times a week.
Or at least 75 minutes
spread throughout the
week of vigorous-
intensity activity.
Be more active every
day- Take the stairs,
walk or cycle instead of
driving.

31. Step 3-TO SAY NO TO TOBACCO
• It’s the single best thing anyone can do to improve heart
health.
• Within 2 years of quitting, the risk of coronary heart disease
is substantially reduced.
• Within 15 years the risk of CVD returns to that of a non-
smoker.
• Exposure to secondhand smoke is also a cause of heart
disease in non-smokers.
• Thirdhand smoke poses a potential health hazard to
nonsmoker-especially children
• By quitting/not smoking you’ll improve both your health and
the health of those around you.
• Seeking professional advice for smoking-cessation services
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32. Step 4-
Maintain a
Healthy
Weight
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33. Step 5-
Reduce
Stress
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34. Step 6-Say No to Alcohol
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35. Step 7-Manage
Cholesterol
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36. Step 8-
Manage
Blood
Pressure
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37. Step 9-Manage Blood Sugar
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38. Step 10-
Regular
Health Check
ups
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39. Summary
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40. Reference
• world-heart-federation.org
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5059018/#:~:text
=Approximately%2054%25%20of%20strokes%20and,are%20attrib
utable%20to%20high%20BP.&text=Hypertension%20is%20a%20c
ommon%20medical,%E2%89%A560%2Dyears%2Dold.
• health.harvard.edu/
• sciencedirect.com
• Ahajournals
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41. Thank you
• Prioritize Your Heart"
• "Small Changes, Big Impact":
• "Your Heart, Your Future":
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42. Summary
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