2. WORLD HEART DAY- ORIGIN
World Heart Day is an annual event that falls on 29 September of every
year .
World Heart day was founded by World Heart Foundation in 2000 to inform
people around the globe that heart disease and stroke are the world’s
leading causes of death, claiming 17.3 million lives each year.
The World Heart Federation is the world's only global body dedicated in
leading the fight against heart disease and stroke via a united community
of almost 200 member organizations . The World Heart Federation mainly
focuses on low-and middle-income countries.
3. SOME FACTS
ABOUT HEART
William Harvey, an English Physician , was the first to describe
completely and in detail the systemic circulation and properties of
blood being pumped to the body by the heart.
William Harvey
4. SOME FACTS ABOUT HEART…
Heart start function from 4 Weeks of conception and does not
stop until death.
Each minute about 4.7 Liters of blood flow through your heart
to deliver life sustaining oxygen and nutrients to 300 trillion
cells in our body.
In a 70-year lifetime an average human heart beats more than
2.5 billion times.
Our body has 5.6 liters of blood. Heart circulates blood through
the body 3 times every minute.
The mass of a human heart is between 200 g - 450 g, however
approximately it is 300 g.
5. Risks of Cardio Vascular Diseases
Hypertension
Hypercholesterolemia
Diabetes mellitus
Homocysteine
C-Reactive Protein
Exercise
Obesity
Cigarette smoking
Ageing(As people age, Cardiovascular system
becomes weaker)
Genetics(People who have direct family
members with a history of heart diseases are at a
higher risk of developing it themselves)
Life style (Aspects of everyday life from work,
stress to lack of exercise and tension can
increase the risk of CVDs)
Diet (Food rich in fat, Salt and sugar as well as
food containing alcohol, increases the risk of
angiosclerosis (a thickening and hardening of the
walls of the blood vessels) and can cause high BP)
Homocysteine is a common amino acid (one of the building blocks that make up proteins) found in
the blood and is acquired mostly from eating meat. High levels of homocysteine are related to the
early development of heart and blood vessel disease. The body produces CRP during the general
process of inflammation.
C-Reactive Protein(CRP ) levels seem to be correlated with levels of heart disease risk. In fact, CRP
seems to predict cardiovascular risk at least as well as cholesterol levels do.
6. TYPES OF HEART DISEASES
CORONORAY HEART DISEASES:
Blocked or clogged arteries limit blood flow to
the heart and starving it of Oxygen and
nutrients.
ARRHYTHMIA:
The heart beats irregularly.
HEART FAILURE:
The heart cannot pump powerfully, as it needs
to join in order to supply the body with oxygen
and nutrients, causing the heart muscles to
over work and weaken.
7. TYPES OF HEART DISEASES
HEART VALVE DISEASES:
One or more of the heart’s valves-which control
blood flow into and out of the heart-doesn’t
work.
CARDIOMYOPATHY:
An enlarged or abnormally stiff or thick heart
causing the heart to pump weaker than normal
and sometimes leading to heart failure or
arrhythmia (irregular heart beat).
PERICARDITIES:
An inflammation of one or more layers of the
pericardium, a thin membrane that lines the
heart
8. TYPES OF HEART DISEASES
AORTIC DISEASE:
The aorta is the largest artery in the body.
Oxygen-rich blood enters the aorta and the
heart pumps the blood out of the aorta where it
travels to the rest of the body via the smaller
arteries that branch out from it. A portion of the
aortic wall weakens and balloons out, forming
an aneurrysm.
VASCULAR DISEASES:
Heart disease is often related to diseases of the
circulatory system, including arteries, veins and
lymph vessels, or blood disorders.
9. HOW TO PREVENT CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASES ?
1. REDUCE HYPERTENSION
• Have blood pressure checked
regularly. If screenings detect that
blood pressure values are not in
the normal range, more frequent
screenings may be necessary.
• High blood pressure is sometimes
called a silent killer because it may
have no outward symptoms for
years.
10. 2. REDUCE THE RISK OF DIABETIES
Heart diseases and stroke are the No. 1 causes of death and disability
among people with type 2 diabetes.
In fact, at least 65 percent of people with diabetes die from some form
of heart disease or stroke.
Adults with diabetes are two to four times more likely to have heart
disease or a stroke than adults without diabetes..
11. 3. MAINTAIN A HEALTHY WEIGHT
Carrying extra weight not only increases your risk
of high blood pressure, it also makes you more
likely to develop cholesterol problems and
diabetes.
Calculate your body mass index (BMI) to
determine if you have excess body fat
A BMI of 25 or higher is considered overweight
and is associated with elevated heart disease risk.
Use a tape to measure your waist circumference.
A measurement of 40 inches or above is
considered overweight for men, and a
measurement of 35 inches or above is overweight
for women. Because abdominal fat is especially
dangerous and associated with an increased risk
of heart disease, waist circumference
measurements are an effective tool in weight
management.
Have cholesterol levels checked frequently.
12. 4. BALANCED DIET
Choose foods that are low in unhealthy fats and
cholesterol. Eliminate all trans-fat and saturated
fat from your diet. Tran-fat is the most dangerous
type of fat and is linked to a host of negative side
effects. Both types of fat are linked to increases
in blood pressure and an elevated risk of
developing heart disease.
Avoid red meat, full-fat dairy products, palm oils,
fried foods, packaged foods, margarine, and
processed baked goods.
Add flaxseed to your diet. Flaxseeds are high in
fiber and omega-3 fatty acids, and can help to
lower cholesterol levels.
Pay attention to your portion size when eating.
Refrain from overeating, which can lead to excess
fat, cholesterol and calorie intake.
Add fruits and leafy vegetables in the diet.
13. 5. REGULAR EXERCISE
• Regular exercise is one of the best
ways to prevent and control high
blood pressure & control cholesterol.
• It Helps you maintain a healthy
weight
• Brisk Walking (20-30 minutes/day)
the easiest exercise, it's the simplest
way to get fit, stay in shape and
strengthen your heart and bones.
14. 6. REDUCE SALT INTAKE
• The main source of sodium in our diet is salt. It
can come from sodium glutamate and sodium
chloride, and is used as a condiment in many
parts of the world. In many countries, 80% of
salt intake comes from processed foods such
as bread, cheese, bottled sauces, cured meats
and ready-made meals.
• Limiting the amount of salt in your diet can be
saved millions of life from heart disease, stroke
and other ailments.
• The daily intake of salt per day shall be :
• less than 15 to 23 g. ADA (American Diabetes
Association).
• 15g. Per day AHA (American Heart Association
15. 7. AVOID THE USE OF TOBACCO
Refrain from smoking.
Eliminate exposure to all tobacco
products, including chewing tobacco.
Stay away from smokeless tobacco. It
contains nicotine, which narrows your
blood vessels, forcing your heart to work
harder. This leads to an increase in blood
pressure and elevates your heart rate,
which increases your risk of heart
disease.
17. Manage stress….
Identify situations in your life that cause
stress and try to eliminate or modify
them.
Learn coping mechanisms for sources
of stress that cannot be eliminated,
such as stress in the workplace.
Explore stress relief options such as
yoga, meditation, visualization,
aromatherapy and deep breathing
techniques etc.
Laugh.
Laughing lowers blood pressure and
heart rate, and may improve the lining
of the blood vessels.
18. GET ENOUGH SLEEP
Take measures to improve your sleep
quality and ensure that you get 7-8 hours
of sleep each night.
Limit caffeine consumption and cut out all
caffeine after 2 pm.
Try to go to sleep at the same time every
night to regulate your sleep-wake cycle.
Exercise regularly to boost serotonin
levels.
Refrain from watching television or using
a laptop while in bed.
Serotonin is one of the most important brain chemicals, or neurotransmitters, for regulating the sleepwake cycle.
Diets high in the amino acid tryptophan can maintain healthy serotonin levels, but lifestyle choices like constant
travel and an erratic sleep schedule can disrupt serotonin production. When serotonin levels are not normal, sleep
disturbances and other issues can result, including depression and chronic fatigue syndrome.
19. 9. LIMIT ALCOHOL INTAKE
• Drinking alcohol in moderation is
generally not harmful and may even
have some heart health benefits, but
drinking too much has been shown to
lead to high blood pressure and other
serious health problems.
• Limit your alcohol intake to one drink
per day if you are a woman or two
drinks per day if you are a man.
20. 10. Regular medication &
Consultation
Apart from the above, Regular medical
check-ups and medication are essential
to control your cardio vascular diseases.
Take care of your heart
21. THEME OF WORLD HEART DAY- 2014
This year, the theme of World Heart Day is Creating
Heart-healthy Environments. The places in which
we live, work and play should not increase our risk
of cardiovascular disease (CVD). But individuals
frequently cannot make heart-healthy choices due
to environmental factors, such as the availability of
healthy food or smoke-free zones.
The slogan of WHO on World Heart Day
2014 is : Salt Reduction Saves Lives
