This document discusses the origin and evolution of words in the English language from Indo-European languages like Latin, Greek, Germanic languages, and others. It notes that over 2,000 years ago people discussed where the first words came from and whether they were naturally related to their meanings. Many English words have cognates in other languages due to sharing origins in the Proto-Indo-European language family from over 3,000 years ago. Languages like Latin, Greek, Gaelic, and others have contributed words to English at different time periods. The influence of languages also varied by location, as London's dialect became prominent after it grew to be England's commercial center in the 11th century.

1. By Paulina Escobar A.

2. Discussed 2000 years ago:
1)about where the first word come from.
2) If words were related to the things they named

3. In fact
Has not
natural
relationship
“TABLE”

4. Can be find
in

5. corsaed beox
dolgbot
waeter win
(water) blod (wine)
(blood)

6. Those words that have been preserved came from the Indo-European language
family
hand food wife house Sleep,etc.

7. Cognate and non-cognate words
English Night Snow Seven Foot Fish Heart Hundred Ten Tooth
German Nacht Schee Sieben Fuss Fisch Herz Hundert Sehn Zahn
Dutch Nacht Sneeuw Zeben Voet Vis Hart Honderd Tien Tand
Swedish Natt Snö Sju Fot Fisk Hjärta Hundra Tio Tand
Latin Noctis Nivis Septem Pedis Piscis Cordis Centum Decem Dentis
French Nuit Neige Sept Pied Poisson Coeur Cent Dix Dent
Spanish Noche Nieve Siete Pie Pescado Corazón Ciento Diez Diente
Italian notte neve Sette Picior pesce Cuore cento dieci dente

8. (Sanskrit)
(Latin) (Ancient Greek)
Hindi
Latvian Russian Bengali Persian
German Gaelic Italian, Greek Lithuania Polish Etc.
n Czech
Englis Irish Spanish
Lettish Bulgaria
Welsh French OLD n,
h PRUSSIAN Slovenia The oldest of the
Etc. Portugues Indo-European
Dutch n language (1500
e
Danish
Servo- B.C.)
Romanian croatian
Sw edish ETC. Etc.
Norwegian
Etc.

9. East Germanic West
North Modern
North Germanic
Germanic
Germanic
Gothic Old German
Norwegian Low German
Icelandic Modern Standard
1 German
Yiddish
Dutch
2 Flemish
Icelandic Norwegian
Faroese Frissian
Afrikaans
English
Danish Swedish

10. S
AN
ISI
FR
The origin of the Anglo Saxon
Old English Dialects Areas

11. Took words from
Shamrock Crag
Leprechaun Clam Penguin
Galore Bog gull
Banshee Plaid
Shillelagh Slogan
Blarney, etc. Cairn A few more than 10
Whiskey words borrowed
into English
More than 40 words
borrowed into More than 30 words
English. borrowed into
English

12.  Examples of words adopted from Latin during:
400-650 650-1000
Milite (soldiers)
Prafost (provost)
Centur (centurion
Cugle (cowl)
Coc (cook)
Catt (cat)
Scrofel (scrofula)
Cist (chest)
Creda (creed)
Pagel (pail)
Eretic (heretic)
Etc.
Discipul (disciple)
Etc.
During this period Old
English poetry flowered.

13.  Some Danish words that were borrowed into English:
Before A.D. 1000 After 1000
Borda (beaked ship)
Lip (fleet) NOUNS PRONOUNS AND
Ha (oarlock) VERBS ADJECTIVES OTHER WORDS
Orrest (battle)
Etc.
Band,
Booth, Call, Flat, They,
Bull, Crawl, Loose, Their,
Dirt, Die, Low, Them,
Down, Get, Odd, Both,
Egg, Give, Tight, Same,
etc. Lift, Weak, Though,
Raise, Ill, Till.
Etc. Etc.

14. There are 30 or so words of There are over a thousand
Danish origin still in the simple words of Danish
active vocabulary. origin.

15. London

16. 1) Under the Saxons of Mercia, London declined.
2) However, before the end of the 11th century, London had become the most
important commercial city in England.
3) London’s later political and cultural strenght eventually resulted in its
dialect becoming the prestige dialect of the land.
4) West Saxon was the dialect of English in which the major literature and law
was written.

17. To study
The English
Language
Is necessary to
study
The Old English The earlier
dialect (MERCIAN) prestige dialect
(WEST SAXON)