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DR. B.C. ROY ENGINEERING
COLLEGE, DURGAPUR

WIRELESS
POWER
TRANSMIS
SION

Submitted By-

AJEET KUMAR
MUKESH KUMAR
ADARSH GAURAV
MD SOHAIL AKHTER
MD SHAHID AKHTER
JAUHAR AHMAD SAYEED
HARISH CHANDRA
MODAK
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Slide Plan


Why WPT



History



Principle



Components



Methods



Merits and Demerits



Biological Impacts



Applications



Current Technology



Future Aspects



Challenges



Conclusion

Wireless Power Transmission

2
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

What is WPT?

3



The transmission of energy from one place to
another without using wires



The wireless transmission is made possible by using
various technologies

Wireless Power Transmission
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Why WPT?


According to the World Resources Institute (WRI),
India’s electricity grid has the highest
transmission and distribution losses in the world
– a whopping 27%.



This is attributed to technical losses and theft.



The continuity of power supply, optimizing the
location of sensors, and dealing with rotating or
moving joints.

Wireless Power Transmission

4
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

5

History


Experiments performed between 1888 and 1907 by
Nikola Tesla



Started efforts on wireless transmission at 1891 in his
“experimental station” at Colorado



He lighted a small incandescent lamp by means of a
resonant circuit grounded on one end.



William C. Brown, the pioneer in wireless power
transmission technology



The idea of Tesla is taken in to research after 100
years by a team led by Marin Soljačić from MIT

Wireless Power Transmission
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Principle

Wireless Power Transmission

6
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Components
1. Microwave Generator
2. Transmitting Antenna
3. Rectenna

Wireless Power Transmission

7
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Methods
1)

Induction

2)

Electromagnetic Transmission

3)

Evanescent Wave Coupling

4)

Electrodynamic Induction

5)

Electrostatic Induction

Wireless Power Transmission

8
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

9

Induction


The principle of mutual induction
between two coils can be used
for the transfer of electrical
power without any physical
contact in between.



The simplest example of how
mutual induction works is the
transformer, where there is no
physical contact between the
primary and the secondary coils.
Wireless Power Transmission
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

10

Electromagnetic Transmission


Electromagnetic waves can also be used to
transfer power without wires.



By converting electricity into light, such as a laser
beam, then firing this beam at a receiving target,
such as a solar cell on a small aircraft, power can
be beamed to a single target. This is generally
known as “power beaming”.

Wireless Power Transmission
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

11

Evanescent Wave Coupling


A process by which electromagnetic
waves are transmitted from one medium
to another by means of
the evanescent (or decaying)
electromagnetic fields.



This is usually accomplished by placing
two or more waveguides close together so
that the evanescent field does not decay
much in the vicinity of the other
waveguide.

Wireless Power Transmission
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

12

Electrodynamic Induction

Wireless Power Transmission
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

13

Electrostatic Induction


Also known as “capacitive coupling”



It is an electric field Gradient or differential
capacitance between two elevated Electrodes
over a conducting ground plane for wireless
energy Transmission



It involves high frequency alternating current
Potential differences transmitted between two
plates or nodes.

Wireless Power Transmission
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Merits


Eliminates the existing transmission line cables,
towers and sub stations



More freedom of choice of both receiver and
transmitters



Cost of transmission and distribution become less



Power could be transmitted to the places where
the wired transmission is not possible.



Loss of transmission is negligible level



Safer by eliminating the sparking hazard

Wireless Power Transmission

14
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Demerits


The Capital Cost for practical
implementation of WPT seems to be very
high.



Interference of microwave with present
communication systems.



Common belief fears the effect of
microwave radiation.

Wireless Power Transmission

15
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Biological Impacts


WHO recommends the human exposure
guidelines determined by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
and by the International Commission on
Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).



Public exposure to WPT fields would also
be below existing safety guidelines.



Localized impact on the environment
would be created if the operation of a
WPT device has some effect.

Wireless Power Transmission

16
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Applications


Generating power by placing satellites
with giant solar arrays in
Geosynchronous Earth Orbit.



Moving targets such as fuel free
airplanes, electric vehicles, moving
robots.



Ubiquitous Power Source (or) Wireless
Power Source, Wireless sensors and RF
Power Adaptive Rectifying Circuits
(PARC).

Wireless Power Transmission

17
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Current Technology
Microwave Transmitter

Wireless Power Transmission

18
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Contd…

Solar Power Satellites (SPS)

Wireless Power Transmission

19
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Contd…

20

LASER transmission
 LASER converts electricity to light using lasers, and projects that
light onto a specialized solar cell array, which then converts the
light back into electricity.
 The “wireless extension cord” delivers thousands of watts at ranges
up to many kilometers.
 The wireless transmission of power via laser is useful in situations
where it is impractical or uneconomical to run wires, including
unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned ground vehicles
(UGVs), unattended sensors, communication towers, forward
operating bases, and disaster relief.
Wireless Power Transmission
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

21

Future Aspects
It is one of the biggest challenges in today's world
to transmit energy in rough terrain like mountains,
forest, and sea.
 A verified SPICE model of wireless transmission has
been considered for the efficiency calculation
along with the mathematical approach.
 Numerical calculation shows that 30-70%
transmission efficiency can be achieved by using
this model of transmission depending upon the
transmission distance and diameter of the
antenna.
 MATLAB simulator and Simulink have been used
for the system response and adaptability.


Wireless Power Transmission
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

Challenges


Electromagnetic wave scatters freely in space as it
propagates



The concerns that some environmentalists are placing
is the depletion of ozone layer by the radiation.



There should be complete revolution in the
electrical world for manufacturing and designing.



Some of the countries which depend on electrical
energy for the economy like country Bhutan.



This was the main reason that Tesla failed to
convince then the sponsors and entrepreneurs of
his time to carry out his project.

Wireless Power Transmission

22
23

Conclusion


WPT emerges out as the best alternative
for efficient power transmission despite its
few drawbacks such as very high
installation cost.



WPT has very high efficiency as the loss
during power transmission is nearly
negligible and it acts as a boon for the
people of those areas where wired
transmission is not possible



The power failure due to short circuit and
electric faults would not be possible at all.

Wireless Power Transmission
BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT

24

THANK YOU!

Wireless Power Transmission

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Wireless power transmission original ppt

  • 1. DR. B.C. ROY ENGINEERING COLLEGE, DURGAPUR WIRELESS POWER TRANSMIS SION Submitted By- AJEET KUMAR MUKESH KUMAR ADARSH GAURAV MD SOHAIL AKHTER MD SHAHID AKHTER JAUHAR AHMAD SAYEED HARISH CHANDRA MODAK ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
  • 2. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Slide Plan  Why WPT  History  Principle  Components  Methods  Merits and Demerits  Biological Impacts  Applications  Current Technology  Future Aspects  Challenges  Conclusion Wireless Power Transmission 2
  • 3. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT What is WPT? 3  The transmission of energy from one place to another without using wires  The wireless transmission is made possible by using various technologies Wireless Power Transmission
  • 4. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Why WPT?  According to the World Resources Institute (WRI), India’s electricity grid has the highest transmission and distribution losses in the world – a whopping 27%.  This is attributed to technical losses and theft.  The continuity of power supply, optimizing the location of sensors, and dealing with rotating or moving joints. Wireless Power Transmission 4
  • 5. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT 5 History  Experiments performed between 1888 and 1907 by Nikola Tesla  Started efforts on wireless transmission at 1891 in his “experimental station” at Colorado  He lighted a small incandescent lamp by means of a resonant circuit grounded on one end.  William C. Brown, the pioneer in wireless power transmission technology  The idea of Tesla is taken in to research after 100 years by a team led by Marin Soljačić from MIT Wireless Power Transmission
  • 7. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Components 1. Microwave Generator 2. Transmitting Antenna 3. Rectenna Wireless Power Transmission 7
  • 8. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Methods 1) Induction 2) Electromagnetic Transmission 3) Evanescent Wave Coupling 4) Electrodynamic Induction 5) Electrostatic Induction Wireless Power Transmission 8
  • 9. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT 9 Induction  The principle of mutual induction between two coils can be used for the transfer of electrical power without any physical contact in between.  The simplest example of how mutual induction works is the transformer, where there is no physical contact between the primary and the secondary coils. Wireless Power Transmission
  • 10. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT 10 Electromagnetic Transmission  Electromagnetic waves can also be used to transfer power without wires.  By converting electricity into light, such as a laser beam, then firing this beam at a receiving target, such as a solar cell on a small aircraft, power can be beamed to a single target. This is generally known as “power beaming”. Wireless Power Transmission
  • 11. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT 11 Evanescent Wave Coupling  A process by which electromagnetic waves are transmitted from one medium to another by means of the evanescent (or decaying) electromagnetic fields.  This is usually accomplished by placing two or more waveguides close together so that the evanescent field does not decay much in the vicinity of the other waveguide. Wireless Power Transmission
  • 13. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT 13 Electrostatic Induction  Also known as “capacitive coupling”  It is an electric field Gradient or differential capacitance between two elevated Electrodes over a conducting ground plane for wireless energy Transmission  It involves high frequency alternating current Potential differences transmitted between two plates or nodes. Wireless Power Transmission
  • 14. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Merits  Eliminates the existing transmission line cables, towers and sub stations  More freedom of choice of both receiver and transmitters  Cost of transmission and distribution become less  Power could be transmitted to the places where the wired transmission is not possible.  Loss of transmission is negligible level  Safer by eliminating the sparking hazard Wireless Power Transmission 14
  • 15. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Demerits  The Capital Cost for practical implementation of WPT seems to be very high.  Interference of microwave with present communication systems.  Common belief fears the effect of microwave radiation. Wireless Power Transmission 15
  • 16. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Biological Impacts  WHO recommends the human exposure guidelines determined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) and by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).  Public exposure to WPT fields would also be below existing safety guidelines.  Localized impact on the environment would be created if the operation of a WPT device has some effect. Wireless Power Transmission 16
  • 17. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Applications  Generating power by placing satellites with giant solar arrays in Geosynchronous Earth Orbit.  Moving targets such as fuel free airplanes, electric vehicles, moving robots.  Ubiquitous Power Source (or) Wireless Power Source, Wireless sensors and RF Power Adaptive Rectifying Circuits (PARC). Wireless Power Transmission 17
  • 18. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Current Technology Microwave Transmitter Wireless Power Transmission 18
  • 19. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Contd… Solar Power Satellites (SPS) Wireless Power Transmission 19
  • 20. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Contd… 20 LASER transmission  LASER converts electricity to light using lasers, and projects that light onto a specialized solar cell array, which then converts the light back into electricity.  The “wireless extension cord” delivers thousands of watts at ranges up to many kilometers.  The wireless transmission of power via laser is useful in situations where it is impractical or uneconomical to run wires, including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), unattended sensors, communication towers, forward operating bases, and disaster relief. Wireless Power Transmission
  • 21. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT 21 Future Aspects It is one of the biggest challenges in today's world to transmit energy in rough terrain like mountains, forest, and sea.  A verified SPICE model of wireless transmission has been considered for the efficiency calculation along with the mathematical approach.  Numerical calculation shows that 30-70% transmission efficiency can be achieved by using this model of transmission depending upon the transmission distance and diameter of the antenna.  MATLAB simulator and Simulink have been used for the system response and adaptability.  Wireless Power Transmission
  • 22. BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT Challenges  Electromagnetic wave scatters freely in space as it propagates  The concerns that some environmentalists are placing is the depletion of ozone layer by the radiation.  There should be complete revolution in the electrical world for manufacturing and designing.  Some of the countries which depend on electrical energy for the economy like country Bhutan.  This was the main reason that Tesla failed to convince then the sponsors and entrepreneurs of his time to carry out his project. Wireless Power Transmission 22
  • 23. 23 Conclusion  WPT emerges out as the best alternative for efficient power transmission despite its few drawbacks such as very high installation cost.  WPT has very high efficiency as the loss during power transmission is nearly negligible and it acts as a boon for the people of those areas where wired transmission is not possible  The power failure due to short circuit and electric faults would not be possible at all. Wireless Power Transmission