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Wind turbines
- 1. Submitted To: Sir Shahzad Ahmad Former Lecturer Mechanical Department MNS-UET Multan Group Members: (1) Sibtain Hashmi (2013-Bt-Mech-114) (2) Syed Mesum Raza Naqvi (2013-Bt-Mech-116)
- 5. Power Generation from Wind Power generation from wind has emerged as one of the most successful programmes in the renewable energy sector, and has started making meaningful contributions to the overall power requirements of some States. Wind turbines today are up to the task of producing serious amounts of electricity. Turbines vary in size from small 1 kW structures to large machines rated at 2 MW or more.
- 6. What is “Renewable Energy” Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat.
- 7. What is Electricity? Electricity is energy transported by the motion of electrons We do not make electricity, we CONVERT other energy sources into electrical energy Conversion is the name of the game
- 8. B Faraday Effect • Faraday Effect • Basic Concepts • Voltage – V – Potential to Move Charge (volts) • Current – I – Charge Movement (amperes or amps) • Resistance – R – V = IxR (R in =ohms) • Power – P = IxV = I2xR (watts)
- 9. Parts of a Wind Turbine
- 11. Large Turbine: • Able to Deliver Electricity at lower cost than smaller turbines, because foundation costs are independent of size. Small Turbines: • Local electrical grids may not be able to handle the large electrical output from a large turbine, so smaller turbines be more suitable.
- 12. How Does a Generator Work?
- 14. Maintenance
- 15. Wind Turbine Perspective Nacelle 56 tons Tower 3 sections Workers Blade 112’ long
- 16. Types of Electricity Generating Windmills Small (10 kW) • Homes • Farms • Remote Applications (e.g. water pumping, telecom sites, icemaking) Large (250 kW - 2+MW) • Central Station Wind Farms • Distributed Power Intermediate (10-250 kW) • Village Power • Hybrid Systems • Distributed Power
- 17. Large Wind Turbines 450’ base to blade Each blade 112’ Span greater than 747 163+ tons total Foundation 20+ feet deep Rated at 1.5 – 5 megawatt Supply at least 350 homes
- 18. Yawing – Facing the Wind • Active Yaw (all medium & large turbines produced today, & some small turbines from Europe) – Anemometer on nacelle tells controller which way to point rotor into the wind – Yaw drive turns gears to point rotor into wind • Passive Yaw (Most small turbines) – Wind forces alone direct rotor • Tail vanes • Downwind turbines
- 19. Importance of Wind Speed No other factor is more important to the amount of power available in the wind than the speed of the wind Power is a cubic function of wind speed V X V X V 20% increase in wind speed means 73% more power Doubling wind speed means 8 times more power
- 20. Disaster!
- 21. Jobs in the Wind Industry
- 22. Construction
- 26. Wind Power is Fun!