Detailed ppt on Wilma’s tumor … it includes definitions ,causes , pathophysiology, sign and symptoms, diagnostic evaluation, treatment, management with images , stages with images , nursing management
Detailed ppt on Wilma’s tumor … it includes definitions ,causes , pathophysiology, sign and symptoms, diagnostic evaluation, treatment, management with images , stages with images , nursing management
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
2. • This is a malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in children.
• Can involve one or both kidneys.
• Most common pediatric renal Malignancy .
• 2nd most common pediatric abdominal malignancy.
• Usually unilateral but 5% Cases may be bilateral.
• Affect children between 3-5yr Of age.
• Left kidney is more involved than right one.
3.
4. PATHOLOGY
• The tumour is composed of epithelial and mesothelial elements. Thus, it may
contain bone, cattilage, muscle, etc. Hence, it is called nephroblastoma
(immature embryonic tissue).
• The tumour arises In one of the poles, distorting the reniform shape of the
kidney.
• Rapidly growing and friable in consistency
• It is greyish white or pinkish white in Colour. At places, there may be areas
of haemorrhage/necrosis.
5.
6. • Microscopic features include connective tissue elements cartilage, spindle cells,
smooth striated muscle cells and epithelial elements.
7. CLINICAL FEATURES
• Common in female children around 2-4 yrs.
• Less than I year of age carries good prognosis.
• Upper limit of age is 7 years.
• Rarely it may occur in adolescents.
8. • The child is brought with abdominal distension, due to hugely enlarged kidney
which on palpation feels nodular.
• Haematuria is a bad prognostic symptom. It is an indication of rupture of tumour
into the pelvis of kidney. Most of such children die by 2 years of age.
• Low grade fever can occur in rapidly growing tumour due to tumour necrosis,
which releases pyrogens.
• Rapid deterioration of health is characteristic.
9. INVESTIGATIONS
• Abdominal USG can detect a solid tumour in the kidney. It also rules out opposite
kidney tumour.
• CT scan to know extent oflesion and spread to the adjoining structures.
• IVP is done to study distortion of calyces and to evaluate the function of the
opposite kidney.
• FNAC is done to confirm the diagnosis preoperatively.
10.
11. STAGING (NTWS)
• Stage 1- Tumour confined to the kidney and Completely excised.
• Stage 2- Tumour outside the kidney but completely Excised.
Local tumour spillage during surgery.
Lymph nodes negative.
• Stage 3- Non hematogenous disease confined to the abdomen.
Perioperative rupture of renal capsule.
Peritoneal implants
Positive lymph nodes
• Stage 4- hematogenous metastasis to lungs or liver.
• Stage 5- bilateral wilms tumour
14. • Calcification-foci of calcification seen in NBL (85%). Less common in Wilms’ (15%).
• Intraspinal extension-seen in NBL.
• Aorta and IVC invasion by Wilms’ tumour.
• Location
1. Wilms’ tumour–intrarenal
2. Neuroblastoma-seen above kidney pushing it downwards and outwards.
• Crossing midline neuroblastoma
• Homovanillic acid (HVA) and Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) increase in neuroblastoma.
DIFFERENTIATING FEATURES BETWEEN WILM’S
TUMOUR AND NEUROBLASTOMA
15. SPREAD
• Direct infiltration of the capsule.
• Lymphatic spread- occurs to the hilar lymph nodes, paraaortic lymph nodes,
mediastinal and left supraclavicular lymph nodes.
• Haematogenous spread- occurs to the lungs, liver, bones, brain, etc. The tumour
thrombus can extend to the renal vein and inferior vena cava.
16. TREATMENT
• Anaemia has to be corrected at the earliest.
• For tumours confined to renal capsule or perirenal soft tissue not infiltrating the
adjacent organs, radical nephrectomy followed by chemotherapy with
actinomycin D and vincristine are given for 6 months.
• For tumours which have gone beyond renal capsule and perirenal soft tissue,
local infiltration to adjacent tissue,lymphatic metastasis, nephrectomy followed
by local radiotherapy and chemotherapy is given with actinomycin D and
vincristine for 15 months.
17. • If the tumour is found to be unresectable by CT scan or magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI), preoperative FNAC to confirm diagnosis is indicated followed
by preoperative radiotherapy ( l 000 cGy) or chemotherapy. Once the tumour
regresses in size, nephrectomy has to be done.
• Postoperative chemotherapy is given with actinomycin D, vincristine and
doxorubicin.
18. • Bilateral Wilms’ tumour: Radical nephrectomy on the side of the larger tumour
and partial nephrectomy on side of the smaller tumour should be done. As much
of renal tissue as possible should be preserved after leaving a tumour free
margin. Postoperatively the patient has to be treated with chemotherapy. If the
surgery is not feasible, only radiotherapy and chemotherapy has to be given.
Growthdisturbances, cardiac and pulmonary toxicities are complications of
radiotherapy.