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12 CONSTELLATIONS IN ONE
ZJacquilyn Williams| November 29, 2016| Astronomy 103A|Final Field Guide
Table of Contents
2
• 3…...............…...........................................................Introduction
• 4-8…..........................................................................Constellation Dorado
• 9- 13...........................................................................Constellation Pictor
• 14-17…......................................................................Constellation Volans
• 18-22..........................................................................Constellation Hydra
• 23-27..........................................................................Constellation Virgo
• 28-32..........................................................................Constellation Libra
• 33-36..........................................................................Constellation Ophiuchius
• 37-40..........................................................................Constellation Telescopium
• 41-44..........................................................................Constellation Indus
• 45-49..........................................................................Constellation Aquarius
• 50-53..........................................................................Constellation Pisces
• 54-57..........................................................................Constellation Horologium
• 58-61..........................................................................References
Page Numbers Page Title
INTRODUCTION
This power point presentation is about 12 different constellations
I chose to study over the Fall/Winter semester. All of the 12
constellations I chose because I felt they were the most
interesting or ones I could relate too. Each constellation has 3-4
pages explaining their facts, how to find them, their myths and
special objects. There are many different constellations all of
which are unique and interesting in their own. I hope readers will
find this information informative and artistic.
3
CONSTELLATION
DORADO
ZJacquilyn Williams| COW 2| September 4, 2016
Astronomy 103A
ABOUT CONSTELLATION DORADO
• Official Name: Dorado
• Spanish Name: Dorado (Coryphaena hippurus) meaning
“Dolphinfish”
• History: Dorado was one of the first constellations seen by
Dutch navigators Pieter Dirkszoon and Petrus Plancius a
Dutch astronomer. The constellation represents a colorful
surface-dwelling dolphinfish found in tropical waters.
• Myth: Pieter an Petrus observed the dolphinfish chasing the
flying fish, and that is why Dorado was placed in the sky
next to the constellation named Volans because it
represents a flying fish.
5
HOW TO FIND DORADO
• It can be seen at latitudes between
+20°and -90° and best seen at 9 p.m.
during the month of January.
• Dorado is in an area of 179 square
degrees and contains two stars with
known planets.
• In a large part of the Magellanic
Cloud and the South Ecliptic Pole.
6
SPECIAL STARS IN DORADO
• The brightest star in Dorado is
[3404] Alpha Doradus.
• The second brightest star is
[3405] Beta Doradus.
• [3406] R Doradus can also be
found, and is believed to be the
second largest star viewed from
Earth.
• He 0437-5439 is also another
really young star and was created
in the large Magellanic Cloud.
7
8
More Photos
of
Dorado
CONSTELLATION PICTOR
ZJacquilyn Williams |Astronomy A103|September 11, 2016|COW#3
Official name: Pictor
Latin name: Painter
10
A Little About Pictor
Pictor is a constellation that lies in the Southern Hemisphere. Pictor got its name from the
Equueleus Pictoris ( the painter’s easel). Pictor was named by Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille a French
astronomer and priest, in the 18th century.
Mythology: The constellation was considered ”new” back then so it doesn’t have much
mythology. What is known is that Equueleus Pictor means, ” The artist Easel and Easel is a
Germanic synonym for donkey Nicolas-Louis de LaCaille named most of his constellation
creations after artistic and technical instruments. Pictor, “the easel”, was the same
deal. Originally titled le Chevalet et la Palette, French for “the easel and palette”, the name was
Latinized to Equuleus Pictorius for his published work, Coelum Australe Stelliferum. In 1845, for
the British Association Catalogue, it was shortened to the current name, Pictor.
11
PICTOR FACTS • Pictor can be found between Canopus (a
star) in Carina Constellation and the
Magellanic Cloud in Constellation Dorado
and Mensa.
• Pictor has 3 stars in it, Alpha Pictoris, Beta
Pictoris and Delta Scuti.
• It is located in the first quadrant of the
Southern hemisphere between +26 and -
90 degrees.
12
ZJacquilyn Williams |Astronomy 103A |
Sept 20, 2016|COW Week 4
CONSTELLATION
VOLANS
13
ABOUT VOLANS
Common Name: Volans
Original Name:
Piscis Volans
Translation of Name:
The Flying Fish
14
MYTH & HISTORY
Back Story: Volans is one of 12 constellations that were brought up
by Dutch navigators Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de
Houtman in the late 16th century. The constellation was first seen on
Petrus Plancius globe in 1598. Plancius then called the constellation
Vilegendenvis. In 1603 a man named Johann Bayer added the
constellation to his star atlas Uranometria and it was the name Piscis
Volans “the flying fish”. It was called that until the mid-19th century.
John Herschel was the man who suggested it be shortened to Volans.
Volans is a representation of a tropical fish that can jump out of the
water and glide in the air on wings. The flying fish in the night sky
appears that it is being chase by predatory fish like Dorado ( a
constellation I previously did).
15
HOW TO LOCATE VOLANS
• In the southern sky
• Look for Constellation
Dorado as it appears to be
preying on Volans.
• Quadrant: SQ2
• RA = 8 DA= -70
• Constellations Carina,
Pictor, Dorado, Mensa
and Chamaeleon border
Volans.
• Visible at latitudes +15
and -90 Degrees.
• Best visible at 9pm
during the month of
March. 16
Beta
Volantis
Zeta
Volantis
Gamma
Volantis
Alpha
Volantis
Epsilon
Volantis
Theta
Volantis
Eta
Volantis
Kappa
Volantis
Lota
Volantis
HD 76700
VOLANS SPECIAL STARS & OBJECTS
NGC 2397: A spiral
galaxy in Volans.
Lindsay-Shapley Ring- AM0644-741:
An unbarred lenticular galaxy in Volans.
Special Stars in
Volans
The Meathook Galaxy (NGC 2442):
An intermediate spiral galaxy in
Volans
NGC 2434: An elliptical
galaxy in Volans.
17
CONSTELLATION HYDRA
ZJacquilyn Williams| Astronomy 103A|COW week 5|September 25, 2016
18
Name: Hydra
Known as: The Water Snake
Location: Southern Hemisphere stretched
across 102.5 degrees. The Head of Hydra is
located south of Constellation Cancer and it’s
tail is between Libra and Centaurus. Hydra is
located in the second Quadrant of the Southern
Hemisphere (SQ2) and seen at a latitudes of
+54 degrees and -83 degrees.
Created by: Greek Astronomer Ptolemy
Best Seen: 9pm in the month of April.
A LITTLE SOMETHING ABOUT HYDRA
19
HYDRA’S HISTORY
Hydra is a mythological hybrid that of a serpent,
lion and bird. Hydra is the largest of 88
constellations and occupies 1303 square degrees
in the night sky. The Myth of Hydra is that it
Hydra is an adaptation from a Babylonian
constellation MUL.APIN that includes a serpent.
The shape of the constellation is a twisting snake.
Hydra was a water snake that a crow served
Apollo in a cup when the crow was sent to get
him water. Apollo saw what the crow was trying
to do and threw the crow, snake and cup into the
sky. It is also associated with a myth that Hydra
was some kind of monster that has many heads
and was killed by Hercules represented in another
constellation. It was believed that if Hydra’s head
was cut off two more would grow, but Hercules
burned out the roots of the head and prevent them
from growing.
20
SPECIAL STARS & OBJECTS IN HYDRA
Neighboring Constellations: Antlia, Cancer, Corvus, Centaurus, Canis minor, Crate, Leo,
Libra, Lupus, Monoceros, Puppis, Pyxis, Sextans and Virgo.
Messier 48 ( M48, NGC 2548)
Hydra has 3 Messier Objects:
Messier 68 ( M68,NGC 4590) Messier 83 (M83, NGC 5236)
21
SPECIAL STARS & OBJECTS IN
HYDRA CONTINUED
Alpha Hydrae 4421 Gamma Hydrae 4422
Zeta Hydrae 4423
Messier 60: Global Cluster
22
CONSTELLATION
VIRGO
ZJacquilyn Williams
September 27,2016
Astronomy 103A
Cow Week 6
23
VIRGO
• Common Name: Virgo
• Latin Name: Virgin/ Self-Contained
• Location: Southern Hemisphere (SQ3) Latitudes of
+80 & -80 degrees
• Best Seen: May at 9 p.m.
• Fun Facts:
-2nd largest constellation in the sky.
- One of 12 zodiac constellations.
-Contains one of the brightest starts in the night
Spica.
• Right Ascension: 13 hours
• Declination: 0
24
THE MYTH OF VIRGO
The Greeks and Romans
related Virgo with their
goddess of wheat/agriculture,
Demeter-Ceres who is the
mother of Persephone-
Proserpina. Sometimes, she
was known as the virgin
goddess Lustitia or Astraea,
holding the scales of justice in
her hand as the constellation
Libra.
In India constellation Virgo is
related to maidens, purity and
fertility. According to Indian
mythology Virgo was Kauni,
mother of the great god Krishna.
The Babylonians linked her with the
goddess Ishtar. When she went into
the underworld to reclaim her
husband Tammuz, god of the
Harvest, the earth went dark and
nothing grew. The great gods were
forced to get involved, she and
Tammuz were saved, and the earth
started to bloomed again.
Virgo has many different stories myths,
depending on the culture they vary...
Virgo is supposed to represent
Astraea, the daughter of the Greek
god Zeus and Titaness Themis, the
personification of the goddess of
Justice who was the last of the
deities to abandon the Earth at the
end of the fabled Golden Age.
25
DID YOU KNOW… VIRGO HAS 11 MESSIER
OBJECTS?
Messier 104:
Sombrero Galaxy
Messier 90:
Spiral Galaxy
Messier 89:
Elliptical Galaxy
Messier 87:
Virgo A- Super Giant
Elliptical Galaxy
Messier 86:
Lenticular Galaxy
Messier 84:
Elliptical Galaxy
Messier 61: Barre
Spiral Galaxy
Messier 60:
Giant Elliptical
Galaxy
Messier 59:
Elliptical
Galaxy
Messier 58:
Barred Spiral
Galaxy
Messier 49:
Elliptical Galaxy
26
VIRGO’S SPECIAL STARS
Beta Virginis Delta Virginis
Gamma Virginis
Epsilon Virginis
Eta Virginis
Iota VirginisMu Virginis70 Virginis
61 Virginis
Spica- Alpha
Virginis
27
CONSTELLATION LIBRA
ZJacquilyn Williams |September 27,2016| COW Week 7| Astronomy 103A
28
LET’S GET TO KNOW
LIBRA
• Common Name: Libra
• Latin Name: Weight Scales
• Best Seen: June at 9p.m.
• Location: East between Scorpius and West of Virgo. Latitudes of
+65 and -90 degrees.
• Right Ascension: 15.21 hours
• Declination: -15.59 degrees
• Facts:
-The only constellation of the Zodiacs that represent an inanimate
object.
-Ranked the 29th biggest in size
29
LIBRAAND IT’S MYTH
• Libra was known in Babylonian astronomy as MUL Zibanu ("the
scales"), or and also as the Claws of the Scorpion. The scales were held
as very important to the sun god Shamash, who was known as the patron
of truth and justice. It was also pictured as the Scorpion's Claws in
ancient Greece. Because of that, Libra has been associated with law,
fairness and civility.
• Libra also has a mythology to the Arabian. In Arabic zunaba means
"scorpion's claws”, just like the myth above. It has also been said that the
scales are a representation of equality. Also when the sun entered this
part of the ecliptic at the autumnal equinox, the days and nights are equal
and Libra is known to be related to that. Libra's status as the location of
the equinox earned the equinox the name "First Point of Libra", because
of the exact spot of the equinoxes.
30
LIBRA’S SPECIAL STARS
Alpha Librae
Beta Librae: Zubeneschamali
Gamma Librae:
Zuben Elakrab
Methuselah – HD 140283
(oldest star in the universe)
31
SPECIAL OBJECTS IN LIBRA
NGC 5792:
Barred Spiral Galaxy
NGC 5890: Unbarred
Lenticular Galaxy
NGC 5897:
Large Global Cluster
NGC 5885:
Barred Spiral Galaxy
32
CONSTELLATION
OPHIUCHUS
ZJacquilyn Williams| Astronomy 103A
October 17, 2016|COW Week 8
33
ABOUT OPHIUCHUS
• Official Name: Serpentarius (Latin )
• Common Name: Ophiuchus
• Translation of Name: Serpent Bearer in Greek
• Location: Southern Hemisphere near the
celestial equator
• Quadrant: SQ3
• Right Ascension:17
• Declination: -8
• Main Stars:10
• Messier Objects: 7
• Area: 948 sq. 11th largest constellation
• Bordering Constellations: Hercules, Libra,
Aquila, Serpens, Scorpius and Sagittarius.
• Visible: Latitudes between +80 and -80 degree,
9pm during the month of July.
• Facts: 13th Constellation Nov 29-Dec 17
34
MYTHOLOGY
Ophiuchus, The Serpent Holder, goes along with Aescupalius, the
“noted healer” of Greek legend. His mother Coronis was persued by
the god Apollo and she got pregnant. However, this didn’t stop her
falling for someone else…. a mortal, named Ischys. The God had left
a white crow to keep watch on Coronis and, when it told that she had
been unfaithful, Apollo was so furious that it didn’t immediately peck
out Ischys's eyes that he cursed the bird and turned it black. When
Artemis, Apollo's huntress sister, heard how Coronis acted, she shot a
bunch of arrows into her. Apollo saved his unborn son, named him
Aesculapius, and took him to Chiron, the kind and really smart
centaur, who taught him the art of medicine. The youth mastered the
art completely, so much so that Hades, King of the Underworld,
feeling threatened should Aesculapius be able to raise the dead,
complained to Zeus. The great god regrettably decided that
Aesculapius must die, and struck him with a thunderbolt, thereafter
placing him among the stars. To this day, Aesculapius and the serpent
are associated with healing, and all physicians take the Hippocratic
oath (Hippocrates supposedly being a descendant of Aesculapius).
35
SPECIAL STARS
&
OBJECTS
Alpha Ophiuchi
Zeta Ophiuchi
Delta Ophiuchi Beta OphiuchiEpsilon Ophiuchi
Theta Ophiuchi
HD 165341HD 155885
RS Ophiuchi
70 Ophiuchi
Barnards Star
36
CONSTELLATION
TELESCOPIUM
ZJacquilyn Williams| Astronomy 103A| October 24, 2016|cow week 9
37
MYTH OF TELESCOPIUM
Telescopium is such a new
constellation that there is no
mythology associated with the
constellation. The constellation
was discovered by Nicolas Louis
de Lacaille. Lacaille really
enjoyed anything to do with
science and telescopes that
Telescopium is what is
supposed to represent- the
telescope of Sir William
Hersehel.Telescopium points
North looking at Sagittarius and
Corona Australis.
38
ALLABOUT TELESCOPIUM
• Common Name: Telescopium
• Symbolism: The Telescope
• Size Ranking: 57th biggest constellation
• RA: 19
• Declination: -51
• Messier Objects: None
• Number of Stars: 2 Alpha Telescopium and Gilese
754
• Bordering Constellations: Ara, Corona Australis,
Indus, Microscopium, Pavo and Sagittarius.
• Best Seen: Latitudes between +40 degrees and -90
degrees. 9p.m. during the month of August. 39
STARS IN TELESCOPIUM
Alpha Telescopii
Special Objects
Global Cluster NCG 6584
IC 4699 Elliptical Galaxy
40
CONSTELLATION INDUS
ZJacquilyn Williams | November 1,2016|Astronomy 103A
41
INDUS…LET ME TELL
YOU MORE
• 3 Main Stars
• The Indian
• Quadrant SQ4
• No Messier Objects
• RA 21 and Declination -55
• Symbolism The Indian
• 49th constellation is size.
• Can be seen at latitudes
between +15 and -90 degrees.
• The neighboring constellations
are Grus, Microscopium,
Octans, Pavo, Sagittarius,
Telescopium and Tucana.
• Has deep sky objects.
42
HOW DID INDUS COME
ABOUT?
 Indus was created by the Dutch astronomer Petrus
Plancius in the late 16th century and first depicted in
a star in Johann Bayer’s Uranometria atlas in 1603.
Plancius depicted Indus as a naked man holding
arrows in both of his hands. The myth of Indus
started by 16th century creation of Pieter Dirkszoon
Keyser and Frederick de Houtman. They were two
Dutch navigators who observed the Southern skies
during their expedition to the East Indies. It was
named for the Native Americans that European
explorers met along the way.
43
SPECIAL OBJECTS AND STARS
NGC 7090
Spiral Galaxy
NGC 7049
Lenticular Galaxy
Epsilon Indi
Other Objects not pictured.
Brightest Stars: Persian or Alpha Indi, Beta Indi, and Theta Indi
44
CONSTELLATION AQUARIUS
ZJacquilyn Williams |Astronomy 103A |COW Week 11|11/08/2016
45
AQUARIUS FACTS
•
Name: Aquarius
• Other Names: The Water Bearer or cup bearer.
• RA: 20h 30m 19.1706s and 23h 56m 23.5355s.
• Declination: 03.3256676 degrees and -24.9040413 degrees.
• Aquarius is apart of the Zodiac Family.
• Area: 980 sq degrees.
• Aquarius has 12 stars with planets.
• It’s Zodiac sign means water.
• 10th Largest constellation in the sky.
• Located: in the Southern Hemisphere in quadrant 4.
• Can be seen: at latitudes +65 and -90.
• Bordering constellations: Aquila, Capricornus, Delphinus, Equuleus, Pegasus,
Pisces, Piscis Austrinus
and Sculptor.
• Contains: 3 Messier Objects and 4 meteor showers.
46
MYTHS OF AQUARIUS
Greek
Roman
Ancient Babylonian
Arab Egyptian
Sumerian
Zeus kidnaps a young boy named
Ganymede. Zeus desired the youth
and sent Aquila his pet Eagle to
capture the boy and bring him to
mount Olympus. He made Ganymede
a servant that brought wine cups to
Greek Deities.
The story is similar to Greek however
the names are changed. Zeus in
Roman is Jupiter and Ganymede is
Aquarius who was the king of Troy’s
son.
Aquarius was depicted as a water
bearing God. His image was even
carved on stone buildings. When
he brought the annual month of
rain, they called it the curse of rain.
Aquarius is not a being or God, instead he
is a bucket. This is because with the Arabs
that forbids any kind of depictions of any
forms of humans or beings.
Aquarius is the keeper of the Nile
River. He pours the water into the
river and creates rain so that the
Nile will overfill and nourish the
valley of farm land.
Aquarius was known as the barrier of a
destructive flood that ravished the entire
planet. This is considered the Great Flood
from Noah’s. Aquarius held the vessel of
flood waters from heaven onto the Earth.
47
SPECIAL OBJECTS IN AQUARIUS
Sadalsuud
(Beta Aquarii)
Messier 2
Messier 72
Messier 73
The Aquarius Dwarf GalaxyNCG 7252
Saturn NebulaHelix Nebula
48
SPECIAL STARS IN AQUARIUS
Sadalmelik
Skat
Sadalsuud
Ancha
Sadalachbia
49
CONSTELLATION:
PISCES
MY REAL LIFE
ZODIAC SIGN
ZJacquilyn Williams| BA 273|
Cow Week 12|November 14,
2016
50
INTERESTING
INFORMATION
ABOUT PISCES.
• Official Name: Pisces
• Latin Name: The Fish (plural)
• One of the Largest
constellations in the sky.
• Pisces lies between Aries and
Aquarius.
• 14th constellation in size with
an area od 889 square degrees.
• Location: Quadrant 1 in the
Northern Hemisphere.
• Neighboring constellations:
Andromeda, Aquarius, Aries,
Cetus, Pegasus, and
Triangulum.
• One Messier Object.
• When can it be seen? In August and September it will appear low in the Eastern
Horizon around 11pm and by 3pm it will be high in the Southern Sky. In
November it’s visible in the Northern Sky around 7pm and high in the sky
around 10pm in the Southern night sky.
• Seen at: Latitudes +90 and -65 degrees, in the region of the sky known as, “The
Heavenly Waters”.
• Represents Venus and Cupid.
• Astronomers believe Pisces is about 68 BCE years old.
51
THE MYTHS OF PISCES
Pisces Constellation is originated from the
Babylonian time period. The Babylonians saw a
pair of fish that was joined by the cord. Pisces is
known for the Roman myth of Venus and Cupid
who tied themselves with a rope and turned into
a fish to get away from the monster Typhon.
In Greek mythology the Olympian Gods had
defeated the Titans and the Giants, Gaia or
Mother Earth coupled with Tartar us to the
region of the underworld. In the underwood is
where Zeus held the the scariest monster in the
world. The monster had a ton of heads and fire
that blazed from its eyeballs.
52
OBJECTS & SPECIAL STARS
Messier 74: Spiral
Galaxy
Alpha Piscium: Binary Star
Eta Piscium: Yellow Giant
Iota Piscium
TX Pisces-: Variable Carbon
Beta Piscium
53
HOROLOGIUM
ZJacquilyn Williams| Astronomy 103A |11/21/2016
|COW Week 13
54
FACTS ABOUT HOROLOGIUM
• In Latin: The Clock
• Created in the 18th century
created by French
Astronomer Nicholas
Lacaille.
• Original Name:
Horologium Oscillitorium
or The Pendulum Clock.
• 58th constellation in size.
• Location: The first
quadrant of the southern
hemisphere.
• Can be seen: Latitudes +30
& -90 degrees.
• Neighboring Constellations: Dorado,
Caelum, Eridanus, Hydrus &
Reticulum.
• Pronunciation: Hor-rol-o-gee-um.
• Takes up 248.885 sq degrees.
• It’s brightest star is Alpha Horologii.
• 6 main stars.
• Best month to be seen?: December at
9pm.
• History: Named to honor Christian
Huygens, the Dutch mathmetician,
astronomer and physicist. Lacaille
thought it reminded him of the
pendulum clock.
55
THE MYTH OF
HOROLOGIUM
In Greek mythology hours were the
goddesses of time. Every season that came,
changes in the year, and the right moments
were all believed to be goddesses of the hour.
It’s even said that it was a point in time where
people would stand around the throne of
Zues and their job was to open and shut the
gates of Olympus and take the “steeds of the
chariot to the Sun”.
56
SPECIAL
STARS
&
SPECIAL
OBJECTS
Alpha Horologii GJ 1061
NGC 1261 NGC 1512
57
REFERENCES
• http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-
list/pictor-constellation/
• http://www.universetoday.com/22832/pictor/
• http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellation
s/Pictor.htm
• http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Constellat
ions/Dorado.php
• http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-
list/dorado-constellation/
• http://www.constellationdirectory.org/images/dorado.
jpg
• http://amazingspace.org/news/archive/2012/01/graph
ics/constellation_dorado.png
58
• https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/t
humb/7/75/Constellation_Dorado.jpg/256px-
Constellation_Dorado.jpg
• http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-
list/volans-constellation/
• http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellatio
ns/Volans.htm
• http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/volans.htm
• https://astrobob.areavoices.com/2015/03/25/how-
to-find-hydra-the-largest-constellation-in-the-sky/
• http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-
list/hydra-constellation/
• http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellatio
ns/Hydra.html
• http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Constell
ations/Hydra.php
REFERENCES CONTINUED
• http://www.constellation-
guide.com/constellation-list/virgo-constellation/
• http://www.heavens-
above.com/myth.aspx?lat=51.450&lng=3.583&lo
c=Vlissingen&alt=0&tz=CET&cul=en&con=Vir
• http://www.space.com/15678-virgo-constellation-
skywatching-tips.html
• http://members.westnet.com.au/mmatti/webpage
/1996B2_Hyakutake.htm
• http://www.gods-and-monsters.com/libra-
mythology.html
• http://www.constellation-
guide.com/constellation-list/libra-constellation/
59
• http://www.crystalinks.com/libra.html
• http://www.heavens-
above.com/myth.aspx?lat=0&lng=1&loc=Unspecified&a
lt=0&tz=CET&cul=en&con=Oph
• http://www.skyscript.co.uk/ophiuchus.html
• http://earthsky.org/constellations/born-between-
november-29-and-december-18-heres-your-constellation
• http://www.newseveryday.com/articles/49272/20161014/n
asa-new-zodiac-signs-dates-meanings-what-13th-
ophiuchus.htm
REFERENCES CONTINUED
60
• http://www.universetoday.com/23989/telescop
ium/
• http://www.dibonsmith.com/tel_con.htm
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescopium#St
ars
• http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/C
onstellations/Telescopium.php
• http://www.constellation-
guide.com/constellation-list/telescopium-
constellation/
• http://www.constellation-
guide.com/constellation-list/indus-constellation/
• http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constella
tions/Indus.htm
• http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Const
ellations/Indus.php
• http://www.universetoday.com/21039/indus/
• http://www.constellationsofwords.com/images/stars/sadalbachia.
JPG
• http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/aquarius-
constellation/
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquarius_(constellation)
• http://www.astrology-zodiac-signs.com/zodiac-signs/aquarius/
• http://www.horoscope.com/us/horoscopes/general/horoscope-
general-daily-today.aspx?sign=11
• http://zodiac-signs-astrology.com/zodiac-signs/aquarius.htm
• http://www.astrology-online.com/aquarius.htm
REFERENCES CONTINUED
• http://www.constellationsofwords.com/images/stars/sa
dalbachia.JPG
• http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-
list/aquarius-constellation/
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquarius_(constellation)
• http://www.astrology-zodiac-signs.com/zodiac-
signs/aquarius/
• http://www.horoscope.com/us/horoscopes/general/horo
scope-general-daily-today.aspx?sign=11
• http://zodiac-signs-astrology.com/zodiac-
signs/aquarius.htm
• http://www.astrology-online.com/aquarius.htm
• http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-
list/pisces-constellation/
• http://earthsky.org/constellations/pisces-heres-your-
constellation
• http://www.universetoday.com/39083/messier-74/
61
• http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Constellati
ons/Pisces.php
• http://www.gods-and-monsters.com/mythology-of-
pisces.html
• http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-
list/horologium-constellation/
• http://www.universetoday.com/20895/horologium/
• http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Conste
llations/Horologium.php
• http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-
list/horologium-constellation/horologium-
constellation-map/
• http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellatio
ns/Horologium.htm
• http://www.stargazing.net/david/constel/constel/ho
rologium.html

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Williams Field Guide

  • 1. 12 CONSTELLATIONS IN ONE ZJacquilyn Williams| November 29, 2016| Astronomy 103A|Final Field Guide
  • 2. Table of Contents 2 • 3…...............…...........................................................Introduction • 4-8…..........................................................................Constellation Dorado • 9- 13...........................................................................Constellation Pictor • 14-17…......................................................................Constellation Volans • 18-22..........................................................................Constellation Hydra • 23-27..........................................................................Constellation Virgo • 28-32..........................................................................Constellation Libra • 33-36..........................................................................Constellation Ophiuchius • 37-40..........................................................................Constellation Telescopium • 41-44..........................................................................Constellation Indus • 45-49..........................................................................Constellation Aquarius • 50-53..........................................................................Constellation Pisces • 54-57..........................................................................Constellation Horologium • 58-61..........................................................................References Page Numbers Page Title
  • 3. INTRODUCTION This power point presentation is about 12 different constellations I chose to study over the Fall/Winter semester. All of the 12 constellations I chose because I felt they were the most interesting or ones I could relate too. Each constellation has 3-4 pages explaining their facts, how to find them, their myths and special objects. There are many different constellations all of which are unique and interesting in their own. I hope readers will find this information informative and artistic. 3
  • 4. CONSTELLATION DORADO ZJacquilyn Williams| COW 2| September 4, 2016 Astronomy 103A
  • 5. ABOUT CONSTELLATION DORADO • Official Name: Dorado • Spanish Name: Dorado (Coryphaena hippurus) meaning “Dolphinfish” • History: Dorado was one of the first constellations seen by Dutch navigators Pieter Dirkszoon and Petrus Plancius a Dutch astronomer. The constellation represents a colorful surface-dwelling dolphinfish found in tropical waters. • Myth: Pieter an Petrus observed the dolphinfish chasing the flying fish, and that is why Dorado was placed in the sky next to the constellation named Volans because it represents a flying fish. 5
  • 6. HOW TO FIND DORADO • It can be seen at latitudes between +20°and -90° and best seen at 9 p.m. during the month of January. • Dorado is in an area of 179 square degrees and contains two stars with known planets. • In a large part of the Magellanic Cloud and the South Ecliptic Pole. 6
  • 7. SPECIAL STARS IN DORADO • The brightest star in Dorado is [3404] Alpha Doradus. • The second brightest star is [3405] Beta Doradus. • [3406] R Doradus can also be found, and is believed to be the second largest star viewed from Earth. • He 0437-5439 is also another really young star and was created in the large Magellanic Cloud. 7
  • 9. CONSTELLATION PICTOR ZJacquilyn Williams |Astronomy A103|September 11, 2016|COW#3
  • 10. Official name: Pictor Latin name: Painter 10
  • 11. A Little About Pictor Pictor is a constellation that lies in the Southern Hemisphere. Pictor got its name from the Equueleus Pictoris ( the painter’s easel). Pictor was named by Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille a French astronomer and priest, in the 18th century. Mythology: The constellation was considered ”new” back then so it doesn’t have much mythology. What is known is that Equueleus Pictor means, ” The artist Easel and Easel is a Germanic synonym for donkey Nicolas-Louis de LaCaille named most of his constellation creations after artistic and technical instruments. Pictor, “the easel”, was the same deal. Originally titled le Chevalet et la Palette, French for “the easel and palette”, the name was Latinized to Equuleus Pictorius for his published work, Coelum Australe Stelliferum. In 1845, for the British Association Catalogue, it was shortened to the current name, Pictor. 11
  • 12. PICTOR FACTS • Pictor can be found between Canopus (a star) in Carina Constellation and the Magellanic Cloud in Constellation Dorado and Mensa. • Pictor has 3 stars in it, Alpha Pictoris, Beta Pictoris and Delta Scuti. • It is located in the first quadrant of the Southern hemisphere between +26 and - 90 degrees. 12
  • 13. ZJacquilyn Williams |Astronomy 103A | Sept 20, 2016|COW Week 4 CONSTELLATION VOLANS 13
  • 14. ABOUT VOLANS Common Name: Volans Original Name: Piscis Volans Translation of Name: The Flying Fish 14
  • 15. MYTH & HISTORY Back Story: Volans is one of 12 constellations that were brought up by Dutch navigators Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de Houtman in the late 16th century. The constellation was first seen on Petrus Plancius globe in 1598. Plancius then called the constellation Vilegendenvis. In 1603 a man named Johann Bayer added the constellation to his star atlas Uranometria and it was the name Piscis Volans “the flying fish”. It was called that until the mid-19th century. John Herschel was the man who suggested it be shortened to Volans. Volans is a representation of a tropical fish that can jump out of the water and glide in the air on wings. The flying fish in the night sky appears that it is being chase by predatory fish like Dorado ( a constellation I previously did). 15
  • 16. HOW TO LOCATE VOLANS • In the southern sky • Look for Constellation Dorado as it appears to be preying on Volans. • Quadrant: SQ2 • RA = 8 DA= -70 • Constellations Carina, Pictor, Dorado, Mensa and Chamaeleon border Volans. • Visible at latitudes +15 and -90 Degrees. • Best visible at 9pm during the month of March. 16
  • 17. Beta Volantis Zeta Volantis Gamma Volantis Alpha Volantis Epsilon Volantis Theta Volantis Eta Volantis Kappa Volantis Lota Volantis HD 76700 VOLANS SPECIAL STARS & OBJECTS NGC 2397: A spiral galaxy in Volans. Lindsay-Shapley Ring- AM0644-741: An unbarred lenticular galaxy in Volans. Special Stars in Volans The Meathook Galaxy (NGC 2442): An intermediate spiral galaxy in Volans NGC 2434: An elliptical galaxy in Volans. 17
  • 18. CONSTELLATION HYDRA ZJacquilyn Williams| Astronomy 103A|COW week 5|September 25, 2016 18
  • 19. Name: Hydra Known as: The Water Snake Location: Southern Hemisphere stretched across 102.5 degrees. The Head of Hydra is located south of Constellation Cancer and it’s tail is between Libra and Centaurus. Hydra is located in the second Quadrant of the Southern Hemisphere (SQ2) and seen at a latitudes of +54 degrees and -83 degrees. Created by: Greek Astronomer Ptolemy Best Seen: 9pm in the month of April. A LITTLE SOMETHING ABOUT HYDRA 19
  • 20. HYDRA’S HISTORY Hydra is a mythological hybrid that of a serpent, lion and bird. Hydra is the largest of 88 constellations and occupies 1303 square degrees in the night sky. The Myth of Hydra is that it Hydra is an adaptation from a Babylonian constellation MUL.APIN that includes a serpent. The shape of the constellation is a twisting snake. Hydra was a water snake that a crow served Apollo in a cup when the crow was sent to get him water. Apollo saw what the crow was trying to do and threw the crow, snake and cup into the sky. It is also associated with a myth that Hydra was some kind of monster that has many heads and was killed by Hercules represented in another constellation. It was believed that if Hydra’s head was cut off two more would grow, but Hercules burned out the roots of the head and prevent them from growing. 20
  • 21. SPECIAL STARS & OBJECTS IN HYDRA Neighboring Constellations: Antlia, Cancer, Corvus, Centaurus, Canis minor, Crate, Leo, Libra, Lupus, Monoceros, Puppis, Pyxis, Sextans and Virgo. Messier 48 ( M48, NGC 2548) Hydra has 3 Messier Objects: Messier 68 ( M68,NGC 4590) Messier 83 (M83, NGC 5236) 21
  • 22. SPECIAL STARS & OBJECTS IN HYDRA CONTINUED Alpha Hydrae 4421 Gamma Hydrae 4422 Zeta Hydrae 4423 Messier 60: Global Cluster 22
  • 24. VIRGO • Common Name: Virgo • Latin Name: Virgin/ Self-Contained • Location: Southern Hemisphere (SQ3) Latitudes of +80 & -80 degrees • Best Seen: May at 9 p.m. • Fun Facts: -2nd largest constellation in the sky. - One of 12 zodiac constellations. -Contains one of the brightest starts in the night Spica. • Right Ascension: 13 hours • Declination: 0 24
  • 25. THE MYTH OF VIRGO The Greeks and Romans related Virgo with their goddess of wheat/agriculture, Demeter-Ceres who is the mother of Persephone- Proserpina. Sometimes, she was known as the virgin goddess Lustitia or Astraea, holding the scales of justice in her hand as the constellation Libra. In India constellation Virgo is related to maidens, purity and fertility. According to Indian mythology Virgo was Kauni, mother of the great god Krishna. The Babylonians linked her with the goddess Ishtar. When she went into the underworld to reclaim her husband Tammuz, god of the Harvest, the earth went dark and nothing grew. The great gods were forced to get involved, she and Tammuz were saved, and the earth started to bloomed again. Virgo has many different stories myths, depending on the culture they vary... Virgo is supposed to represent Astraea, the daughter of the Greek god Zeus and Titaness Themis, the personification of the goddess of Justice who was the last of the deities to abandon the Earth at the end of the fabled Golden Age. 25
  • 26. DID YOU KNOW… VIRGO HAS 11 MESSIER OBJECTS? Messier 104: Sombrero Galaxy Messier 90: Spiral Galaxy Messier 89: Elliptical Galaxy Messier 87: Virgo A- Super Giant Elliptical Galaxy Messier 86: Lenticular Galaxy Messier 84: Elliptical Galaxy Messier 61: Barre Spiral Galaxy Messier 60: Giant Elliptical Galaxy Messier 59: Elliptical Galaxy Messier 58: Barred Spiral Galaxy Messier 49: Elliptical Galaxy 26
  • 27. VIRGO’S SPECIAL STARS Beta Virginis Delta Virginis Gamma Virginis Epsilon Virginis Eta Virginis Iota VirginisMu Virginis70 Virginis 61 Virginis Spica- Alpha Virginis 27
  • 28. CONSTELLATION LIBRA ZJacquilyn Williams |September 27,2016| COW Week 7| Astronomy 103A 28
  • 29. LET’S GET TO KNOW LIBRA • Common Name: Libra • Latin Name: Weight Scales • Best Seen: June at 9p.m. • Location: East between Scorpius and West of Virgo. Latitudes of +65 and -90 degrees. • Right Ascension: 15.21 hours • Declination: -15.59 degrees • Facts: -The only constellation of the Zodiacs that represent an inanimate object. -Ranked the 29th biggest in size 29
  • 30. LIBRAAND IT’S MYTH • Libra was known in Babylonian astronomy as MUL Zibanu ("the scales"), or and also as the Claws of the Scorpion. The scales were held as very important to the sun god Shamash, who was known as the patron of truth and justice. It was also pictured as the Scorpion's Claws in ancient Greece. Because of that, Libra has been associated with law, fairness and civility. • Libra also has a mythology to the Arabian. In Arabic zunaba means "scorpion's claws”, just like the myth above. It has also been said that the scales are a representation of equality. Also when the sun entered this part of the ecliptic at the autumnal equinox, the days and nights are equal and Libra is known to be related to that. Libra's status as the location of the equinox earned the equinox the name "First Point of Libra", because of the exact spot of the equinoxes. 30
  • 31. LIBRA’S SPECIAL STARS Alpha Librae Beta Librae: Zubeneschamali Gamma Librae: Zuben Elakrab Methuselah – HD 140283 (oldest star in the universe) 31
  • 32. SPECIAL OBJECTS IN LIBRA NGC 5792: Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 5890: Unbarred Lenticular Galaxy NGC 5897: Large Global Cluster NGC 5885: Barred Spiral Galaxy 32
  • 33. CONSTELLATION OPHIUCHUS ZJacquilyn Williams| Astronomy 103A October 17, 2016|COW Week 8 33
  • 34. ABOUT OPHIUCHUS • Official Name: Serpentarius (Latin ) • Common Name: Ophiuchus • Translation of Name: Serpent Bearer in Greek • Location: Southern Hemisphere near the celestial equator • Quadrant: SQ3 • Right Ascension:17 • Declination: -8 • Main Stars:10 • Messier Objects: 7 • Area: 948 sq. 11th largest constellation • Bordering Constellations: Hercules, Libra, Aquila, Serpens, Scorpius and Sagittarius. • Visible: Latitudes between +80 and -80 degree, 9pm during the month of July. • Facts: 13th Constellation Nov 29-Dec 17 34
  • 35. MYTHOLOGY Ophiuchus, The Serpent Holder, goes along with Aescupalius, the “noted healer” of Greek legend. His mother Coronis was persued by the god Apollo and she got pregnant. However, this didn’t stop her falling for someone else…. a mortal, named Ischys. The God had left a white crow to keep watch on Coronis and, when it told that she had been unfaithful, Apollo was so furious that it didn’t immediately peck out Ischys's eyes that he cursed the bird and turned it black. When Artemis, Apollo's huntress sister, heard how Coronis acted, she shot a bunch of arrows into her. Apollo saved his unborn son, named him Aesculapius, and took him to Chiron, the kind and really smart centaur, who taught him the art of medicine. The youth mastered the art completely, so much so that Hades, King of the Underworld, feeling threatened should Aesculapius be able to raise the dead, complained to Zeus. The great god regrettably decided that Aesculapius must die, and struck him with a thunderbolt, thereafter placing him among the stars. To this day, Aesculapius and the serpent are associated with healing, and all physicians take the Hippocratic oath (Hippocrates supposedly being a descendant of Aesculapius). 35
  • 36. SPECIAL STARS & OBJECTS Alpha Ophiuchi Zeta Ophiuchi Delta Ophiuchi Beta OphiuchiEpsilon Ophiuchi Theta Ophiuchi HD 165341HD 155885 RS Ophiuchi 70 Ophiuchi Barnards Star 36
  • 37. CONSTELLATION TELESCOPIUM ZJacquilyn Williams| Astronomy 103A| October 24, 2016|cow week 9 37
  • 38. MYTH OF TELESCOPIUM Telescopium is such a new constellation that there is no mythology associated with the constellation. The constellation was discovered by Nicolas Louis de Lacaille. Lacaille really enjoyed anything to do with science and telescopes that Telescopium is what is supposed to represent- the telescope of Sir William Hersehel.Telescopium points North looking at Sagittarius and Corona Australis. 38
  • 39. ALLABOUT TELESCOPIUM • Common Name: Telescopium • Symbolism: The Telescope • Size Ranking: 57th biggest constellation • RA: 19 • Declination: -51 • Messier Objects: None • Number of Stars: 2 Alpha Telescopium and Gilese 754 • Bordering Constellations: Ara, Corona Australis, Indus, Microscopium, Pavo and Sagittarius. • Best Seen: Latitudes between +40 degrees and -90 degrees. 9p.m. during the month of August. 39
  • 40. STARS IN TELESCOPIUM Alpha Telescopii Special Objects Global Cluster NCG 6584 IC 4699 Elliptical Galaxy 40
  • 41. CONSTELLATION INDUS ZJacquilyn Williams | November 1,2016|Astronomy 103A 41
  • 42. INDUS…LET ME TELL YOU MORE • 3 Main Stars • The Indian • Quadrant SQ4 • No Messier Objects • RA 21 and Declination -55 • Symbolism The Indian • 49th constellation is size. • Can be seen at latitudes between +15 and -90 degrees. • The neighboring constellations are Grus, Microscopium, Octans, Pavo, Sagittarius, Telescopium and Tucana. • Has deep sky objects. 42
  • 43. HOW DID INDUS COME ABOUT?  Indus was created by the Dutch astronomer Petrus Plancius in the late 16th century and first depicted in a star in Johann Bayer’s Uranometria atlas in 1603. Plancius depicted Indus as a naked man holding arrows in both of his hands. The myth of Indus started by 16th century creation of Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de Houtman. They were two Dutch navigators who observed the Southern skies during their expedition to the East Indies. It was named for the Native Americans that European explorers met along the way. 43
  • 44. SPECIAL OBJECTS AND STARS NGC 7090 Spiral Galaxy NGC 7049 Lenticular Galaxy Epsilon Indi Other Objects not pictured. Brightest Stars: Persian or Alpha Indi, Beta Indi, and Theta Indi 44
  • 45. CONSTELLATION AQUARIUS ZJacquilyn Williams |Astronomy 103A |COW Week 11|11/08/2016 45
  • 46. AQUARIUS FACTS • Name: Aquarius • Other Names: The Water Bearer or cup bearer. • RA: 20h 30m 19.1706s and 23h 56m 23.5355s. • Declination: 03.3256676 degrees and -24.9040413 degrees. • Aquarius is apart of the Zodiac Family. • Area: 980 sq degrees. • Aquarius has 12 stars with planets. • It’s Zodiac sign means water. • 10th Largest constellation in the sky. • Located: in the Southern Hemisphere in quadrant 4. • Can be seen: at latitudes +65 and -90. • Bordering constellations: Aquila, Capricornus, Delphinus, Equuleus, Pegasus, Pisces, Piscis Austrinus and Sculptor. • Contains: 3 Messier Objects and 4 meteor showers. 46
  • 47. MYTHS OF AQUARIUS Greek Roman Ancient Babylonian Arab Egyptian Sumerian Zeus kidnaps a young boy named Ganymede. Zeus desired the youth and sent Aquila his pet Eagle to capture the boy and bring him to mount Olympus. He made Ganymede a servant that brought wine cups to Greek Deities. The story is similar to Greek however the names are changed. Zeus in Roman is Jupiter and Ganymede is Aquarius who was the king of Troy’s son. Aquarius was depicted as a water bearing God. His image was even carved on stone buildings. When he brought the annual month of rain, they called it the curse of rain. Aquarius is not a being or God, instead he is a bucket. This is because with the Arabs that forbids any kind of depictions of any forms of humans or beings. Aquarius is the keeper of the Nile River. He pours the water into the river and creates rain so that the Nile will overfill and nourish the valley of farm land. Aquarius was known as the barrier of a destructive flood that ravished the entire planet. This is considered the Great Flood from Noah’s. Aquarius held the vessel of flood waters from heaven onto the Earth. 47
  • 48. SPECIAL OBJECTS IN AQUARIUS Sadalsuud (Beta Aquarii) Messier 2 Messier 72 Messier 73 The Aquarius Dwarf GalaxyNCG 7252 Saturn NebulaHelix Nebula 48
  • 49. SPECIAL STARS IN AQUARIUS Sadalmelik Skat Sadalsuud Ancha Sadalachbia 49
  • 50. CONSTELLATION: PISCES MY REAL LIFE ZODIAC SIGN ZJacquilyn Williams| BA 273| Cow Week 12|November 14, 2016 50
  • 51. INTERESTING INFORMATION ABOUT PISCES. • Official Name: Pisces • Latin Name: The Fish (plural) • One of the Largest constellations in the sky. • Pisces lies between Aries and Aquarius. • 14th constellation in size with an area od 889 square degrees. • Location: Quadrant 1 in the Northern Hemisphere. • Neighboring constellations: Andromeda, Aquarius, Aries, Cetus, Pegasus, and Triangulum. • One Messier Object. • When can it be seen? In August and September it will appear low in the Eastern Horizon around 11pm and by 3pm it will be high in the Southern Sky. In November it’s visible in the Northern Sky around 7pm and high in the sky around 10pm in the Southern night sky. • Seen at: Latitudes +90 and -65 degrees, in the region of the sky known as, “The Heavenly Waters”. • Represents Venus and Cupid. • Astronomers believe Pisces is about 68 BCE years old. 51
  • 52. THE MYTHS OF PISCES Pisces Constellation is originated from the Babylonian time period. The Babylonians saw a pair of fish that was joined by the cord. Pisces is known for the Roman myth of Venus and Cupid who tied themselves with a rope and turned into a fish to get away from the monster Typhon. In Greek mythology the Olympian Gods had defeated the Titans and the Giants, Gaia or Mother Earth coupled with Tartar us to the region of the underworld. In the underwood is where Zeus held the the scariest monster in the world. The monster had a ton of heads and fire that blazed from its eyeballs. 52
  • 53. OBJECTS & SPECIAL STARS Messier 74: Spiral Galaxy Alpha Piscium: Binary Star Eta Piscium: Yellow Giant Iota Piscium TX Pisces-: Variable Carbon Beta Piscium 53
  • 54. HOROLOGIUM ZJacquilyn Williams| Astronomy 103A |11/21/2016 |COW Week 13 54
  • 55. FACTS ABOUT HOROLOGIUM • In Latin: The Clock • Created in the 18th century created by French Astronomer Nicholas Lacaille. • Original Name: Horologium Oscillitorium or The Pendulum Clock. • 58th constellation in size. • Location: The first quadrant of the southern hemisphere. • Can be seen: Latitudes +30 & -90 degrees. • Neighboring Constellations: Dorado, Caelum, Eridanus, Hydrus & Reticulum. • Pronunciation: Hor-rol-o-gee-um. • Takes up 248.885 sq degrees. • It’s brightest star is Alpha Horologii. • 6 main stars. • Best month to be seen?: December at 9pm. • History: Named to honor Christian Huygens, the Dutch mathmetician, astronomer and physicist. Lacaille thought it reminded him of the pendulum clock. 55
  • 56. THE MYTH OF HOROLOGIUM In Greek mythology hours were the goddesses of time. Every season that came, changes in the year, and the right moments were all believed to be goddesses of the hour. It’s even said that it was a point in time where people would stand around the throne of Zues and their job was to open and shut the gates of Olympus and take the “steeds of the chariot to the Sun”. 56
  • 58. REFERENCES • http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation- list/pictor-constellation/ • http://www.universetoday.com/22832/pictor/ • http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellation s/Pictor.htm • http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Constellat ions/Dorado.php • http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation- list/dorado-constellation/ • http://www.constellationdirectory.org/images/dorado. jpg • http://amazingspace.org/news/archive/2012/01/graph ics/constellation_dorado.png 58 • https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/t humb/7/75/Constellation_Dorado.jpg/256px- Constellation_Dorado.jpg • http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation- list/volans-constellation/ • http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellatio ns/Volans.htm • http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/volans.htm • https://astrobob.areavoices.com/2015/03/25/how- to-find-hydra-the-largest-constellation-in-the-sky/ • http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation- list/hydra-constellation/ • http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellatio ns/Hydra.html • http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Constell ations/Hydra.php
  • 59. REFERENCES CONTINUED • http://www.constellation- guide.com/constellation-list/virgo-constellation/ • http://www.heavens- above.com/myth.aspx?lat=51.450&lng=3.583&lo c=Vlissingen&alt=0&tz=CET&cul=en&con=Vir • http://www.space.com/15678-virgo-constellation- skywatching-tips.html • http://members.westnet.com.au/mmatti/webpage /1996B2_Hyakutake.htm • http://www.gods-and-monsters.com/libra- mythology.html • http://www.constellation- guide.com/constellation-list/libra-constellation/ 59 • http://www.crystalinks.com/libra.html • http://www.heavens- above.com/myth.aspx?lat=0&lng=1&loc=Unspecified&a lt=0&tz=CET&cul=en&con=Oph • http://www.skyscript.co.uk/ophiuchus.html • http://earthsky.org/constellations/born-between- november-29-and-december-18-heres-your-constellation • http://www.newseveryday.com/articles/49272/20161014/n asa-new-zodiac-signs-dates-meanings-what-13th- ophiuchus.htm
  • 60. REFERENCES CONTINUED 60 • http://www.universetoday.com/23989/telescop ium/ • http://www.dibonsmith.com/tel_con.htm • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescopium#St ars • http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/C onstellations/Telescopium.php • http://www.constellation- guide.com/constellation-list/telescopium- constellation/ • http://www.constellation- guide.com/constellation-list/indus-constellation/ • http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constella tions/Indus.htm • http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Const ellations/Indus.php • http://www.universetoday.com/21039/indus/ • http://www.constellationsofwords.com/images/stars/sadalbachia. JPG • http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/aquarius- constellation/ • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquarius_(constellation) • http://www.astrology-zodiac-signs.com/zodiac-signs/aquarius/ • http://www.horoscope.com/us/horoscopes/general/horoscope- general-daily-today.aspx?sign=11 • http://zodiac-signs-astrology.com/zodiac-signs/aquarius.htm • http://www.astrology-online.com/aquarius.htm
  • 61. REFERENCES CONTINUED • http://www.constellationsofwords.com/images/stars/sa dalbachia.JPG • http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation- list/aquarius-constellation/ • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquarius_(constellation) • http://www.astrology-zodiac-signs.com/zodiac- signs/aquarius/ • http://www.horoscope.com/us/horoscopes/general/horo scope-general-daily-today.aspx?sign=11 • http://zodiac-signs-astrology.com/zodiac- signs/aquarius.htm • http://www.astrology-online.com/aquarius.htm • http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation- list/pisces-constellation/ • http://earthsky.org/constellations/pisces-heres-your- constellation • http://www.universetoday.com/39083/messier-74/ 61 • http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Constellati ons/Pisces.php • http://www.gods-and-monsters.com/mythology-of- pisces.html • http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation- list/horologium-constellation/ • http://www.universetoday.com/20895/horologium/ • http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Conste llations/Horologium.php • http://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation- list/horologium-constellation/horologium- constellation-map/ • http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellatio ns/Horologium.htm • http://www.stargazing.net/david/constel/constel/ho rologium.html