World History

1. S E C T I O N 1 :
T H E S C I E N T I F I C R E V O L U T I O N
Chapter 22
Enlightenment & Revolution,
1550-1789

2. Roots of Modern Science
 Mid-1500s, ____________- careful observation of
the world

 Facilitated by European exploration

3. A Revolutionary Model of the Universe
 ____________- Earth is the center of the universe
 ____________– Planets revolved around Sun

4. ________________________
 Scientist
 Made 1st telescope to study
planets
 Church took him to court

5. Scientific Method


6. Newton Explains the Law of Gravity
 ____________ described the law of gravity
 showed that the same force affected the motion of planets and
things on Earth

7. Changes in Science/Medicine

 Learned that the Heart pumps blood


8. S E C T I O N 2 :
T H E E N L I G H T E N M E N T I N E U R O P E
Chapter 22
Enlightenment & Revolution,
1550-1789

9. Two Views on Government
 ____________ – Intellectual movement
 Use reason and scientific method

10. Thomas Hobbes
 ____________= war “every man against every
man”
 ____________– Agreement where people give up right to
government to live safely
 Believed; best government = ________________________

11. John Locke
 People had 3 natural rights:
____________________________________
 Government must protect those rights


12. The Philosophes Advocate Reason
____________ – Social Critics in France
 5 main beliefs
 Find truth using reason

 Acting according to nature brings happiness
 Using scientific view can make life better


13. ____________
 Writer who fought for tolerance, reason, freedom of
religious belief, and freedom of speech

14. ________________________
 French writer concerned with government and
political liberty
 Wrote about separation of powers among different parts of
government

15. ________________________
 Enlightenment thinker who promoted freedom
 Believed all people are equal

16. Women and the Enlightenment
 Enlightenment ideas were for men
 ________________________– Author who
wrote about women’s rights

17. Legacy of the Enlightenment
 Influenced American and French Revolutions

 Use reason to make society better

 Importance of individuality

18. S E C T I O N 3 :
T H E E N L I G H T E N M E N T S P R E A D S
Chapter 22
Enlightenment & Revolution,
1550-1789

19. A World of Ideas
 1700’s, Paris was cultural center of Europe
 ____________ – Social gatherings for discussing ideas or
art
 ____________ – huge set of books with info about
the known world
 Banned by church
 They later changed their minds
 Helped spread ideas

20. Old Artistic Styles
 ____________ – grand, ornate style
 Detailed, expensive

21. New Artistic Styles
 Enlightenment ideas of order and reason

 Borrowed ideas from ________________________
 Style called ____________

22. Music
 Classical Music comes from 1700’s
 Franz Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig
von Beethoven

• New types: sonata and symphony

23. Literature
 New style called Novel - _____________________

24. Enlightenment and Monarchy
 Most of Europe ruled by Absolute Monarchs
 ________________________– Ruler who
supported Enlightenment but not give up power
 Rulers respected people’s rights

25. Fredrick the Great of Prussia
 Religious freedom

 Reformed Justice system


26. Joseph II of Austria

 Once he died, the nobles who owned the lands were
able to undo this reform

27. Catherine the Great of Russia
 Tried to reform laws
 Met with resistance
 Tried to end serfdom
 Bloody peasant rebellion
changed her mind

 Gained new land

28. S E C T I O N 4 :
T H E A M E R I C A N R E V O L U T I O N
Chapter 22
Enlightenment & Revolution,
1550-1789

29. Britain and Its American Colonies
 Population:
 1700:
 1770:
 Colonies accounted for
____________

30. Self-Government
 Colonies began feeling
independent


 British Parliament
passed strict laws to
control colonies



31. NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION
 French and Indian war was expensive
 Stamp Act: ________________________
 Colonists upset because they were NOT represented in
parliament

32. Boycott British Goods
 1765, Colonists boycott
British goods

 Parliament imposed more
taxes
 Led to protests

 Threw $1 Million in tea in to
Boston Harbor

33. Americans go to War
 Boston Tea party angered Great Britain

 Colonies create an Army: Continental Army
 General: ________________________

34. Declaration of Independence
 ________________________wrote Declaration
of Independence July 4, 1776
 Based on ________________________

35. American Revolution
 1775-1781 British fought Americans in North
America
 Colonists had:


 Great Britain was one of the most powerful nations in the
world

36. Americans Win Independence
 British grew tired of the cost of war

 1783, Treaty of Paris : _____________________

37. Americans Create a Republic
 13 colonies became 13 states
 Government: Articles of Confederation



38. 1787, The Constitution
 Many Enlightenment ideas



 Each branch of government limits the power of the others

39. The Constitution
 ____________: power is divided between national
and state governments

40. The Constitution
 ____________:
First ten amendments
to the constitution
 ____________: Put
power in the people’s
hands
 ____________: Protect
freedom of speech and
religion
 ____________: Fair
justice system