Along with chemotherapy and surgery, radiation therapy is one of the main treatments for many cancers. Here are some things you should know about this therapy, how it works, and its side effects.
Explain the non safe or harm aspects of CT scan on the patient,, particularly after multiple CT scans done for one patient. mentioned essentially the risk of cancer in later life, which reach 1/2000.
Also, mentioned the organs, age group, and gender which affected more by CT radiation
Finally , stressing on eliminating CT scan as possible
Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty that uses radiopharmaceuticals to diagnose, treat and monitor diseases. Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging procedures have a long history of use.
Similar to What You Should Know About Radiation and Nuclear Medicine (20)
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
2. Frederic H. Fahey DSc
Children’s Hospital Boston
Harvard Medical School
frederic.fahey@childrens.harvard.edu
What You Should Know About
Radiation and Nuclear Medicine
Thanks to Cybil Nielsen, S. James Adelstein, and S. Ted Treves
3. What is nuclear medicine?
• Nuclear medicine imaging uses safe, painless, and cost-
effective techniques to image the body and treat disease.
– It uses very small amounts of radioactive pharmaceuticals and
traces their progress through your body.
– Nuclear medicine is unique, because it helps doctors “view” how
your body is functioning.
• This is different from x-rays or CT scans, which show how your body
looks rather than how it works.
• Nuclear medicine therapy uses larger amounts of radiation to
treat thyroid disease and cancer.
4. Why is it important?
• Enables early discovery of changes in tissues since changes
in function often occur before changes in anatomy
• Enables quick, personalized management of each patient.
• Can safely view and treat disease
– Can help find and characterize diseases in practically every organ
system including the heart, brain, skeleton, thyroid and kidneys—
and many types of cancer.
– Can be used to treat disease without surgery
5. Nuclear medicine therapy
• A unique way to kill cancer cells with minimal damage to
surrounding tissue.
– One radioactive pharmaceutical called iodine-131 can be very
effective in treating thyroid disease including cancer.
– Others are used to treat other cancers, including lymphoma,
neuroblastoma and metastatic prostate cancer.
Thyroid
treatment
Radioimmuno-
therapy (RIT)
9. What is radiation?
• Radiation is energy that is given off
by particular materials and devices.
• Low-energy radiation is called
non-ionizing radiation.
– Sound waves, visible light, microwaves
• Radiation that can cause specific changes in
molecules is called ionizing radiation
– X-rays, gamma rays and particles
– Too much ionizing radiation may damage tissues
10. Do nuclear medicine tests involve ionizing
radiation?
• Nuclear medicine pharmaceuticals give off gamma rays and
particles that allow us to track the radioactive pharmaceuticals
within the body.
– The scanners themselves do not create radiation.
• Very small amounts are used for imaging scans.
– The radiation disappears (decays) in a very short time.
• Larger amounts are used for therapy.
– The radiation is targeted very precisely at the cancer cells in order to
kill them.
12. Measuring radiation
The international unit used to measure the amount of radiation
received by a patient is the “millisievert” (mSv).
Sometimes, the traditional unit, “millirem” (mrem), is used.
1 mSv = 100 mrem
13. Cosmic rays
from space
Radioactivity
in the earth
In our
bodies
Radon gas
in our houses
The average radiation dose in the U.S. from background radiation is 3.1 mSv,
with 2.3 mSv coming from radon in our houses.
We are exposed every day to
“background radiation”
14. Background radiation
The average American gets about 3 mSv of background radiation each year.
2.9 mSv
in New Jersey3.9 mSv
in Colorado
15. How much ionizing radiation do people get?
Natural
Background
(50%)
CT (27%)
Radiology
fluoroscopy (6%)Interventional
radiology (8%)
Nuclear
medicine
(14%)
Other
Non-medical (2%)
The average annual radiation exposure in the U.S. is 6.2 mSv total,
with 3.1 mSv coming from medical procedures
—NCRP Report 160
16. How much ionizing radiation do people get?
Regulations allow professionals who work with ionizing radiation to receive up to
50 mSv of ionizing radiation per year (although most receive much less).
Nuclear medicine
technologist
PET/CT
technologist
X-ray
technologist
17. Putting radiation in context
Everyday Activities Radiation Dose
Watching television 0.01 mSv/year
Air travel (roundtrip from
D.C. to L.A.
0.05 mSv
Average annual exposure
from breathing radon gas
2 mSv
Average annual exposure
living in the United States
3 mSv/year
Annual dose limit for
radiation workers in U.S.
50 mSv/year
Medical Imaging Radiation Dose
Chest X-ray (1 film) 0.1 mSv
Nuclear med. thyroid scan 0.14 mSv
Mammogram (4 views) 0.4 mSv
Nuclear med. lung scan 2 mSv
Nuclear med. bone scan 4.2 mSv
Tc-99m cardiac diagnostic 11 mSv
Abdominal CT scan 8 mSv
F-18 FDG PET/CT study 14 mSv
Cancer treatment 50,000 mSv
* See www.discovermi.org, fact sheets, Molecular Imaging Safety for statistics sources.
18. How much ionizing radiation is received from
medical imaging, including nuclear medicine?
• The average effective dose from radiologic medical imaging
depends on the test being performed.
• In general, radiation from nuclear medicine procedures is similar
to that from other radiologic procedures and from natural
background radiation.
19. How much radiation is safe?
• Difficult to answer.
• Exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation can lead to
unwanted health effects, including cancer.
• There is no direct evidence that the ionizing radiation routinely
used in nuclear medicine and radiology leads to such effects.
• It is considered prudent for public safety to assume that every
exposure to ionizing radiation, no matter how small, carries
some small risk of unwanted health effects, including cancer.
20. Are some populations more sensitive
to ionizing radiation than others?
Children Young women Fetus
21. Is there a risk associated with
the use of nuclear medicine?
• Many medicines and medical procedures can have side effects,
particularly if one uses too much.
• The same is true of nuclear medicine. When recommended, a
nuclear medicine test gives your doctor important information
that is well worth the very small possible risk.
• Used in the right way for the right patient at the right time,
nuclear medicine is very safe.
22. What is the potential risk
associated with these doses?
• For effective doses from nuclear medicine procedures, say
10 mSv, only one-twentieth of a percent (0.05%) of the
patients who have a test may develop a fatal cancer
sometime later in life.
• Compare that to the natural prevalence of fatal cancer—
which is 22%.
23. Putting risk in context
Lifetime fatal risk from everyday activities
Activity Lifetime Risk
Accident while riding in a car 304
Accident as a pedestrian 652
Choking 894
Accidental poisoning 1,030
Drowning 1,127
Exposure to fire or smoke 1,181
Falling down stairs 2,024
Cancer from 18F PET scan 2,700
Accident while riding a bike 4,734
Cancer from 99mTc MDP bone scan 4,760
Accidental firearms discharge 6,333
Accident while riding in a plane 7,058
Hit by lightning 84,388
24. Activity or risk LLE (days)
Living in poverty 3,500
Being male (vs. female) 2,800
Cigarettes (male) 2,300
Working as a coal miner 1,100
30-lb overweight 900
Grade school dropout 800
15-lb overweight 450
Alcohol 230
Motor vehicle accidents 180
Speed limit: 65 vs. 55 miles per hour 40
Coffee: 2 cups/day 26
Radiation worker, age 18-65 25
Japanese Bomb Survivors who received less than 250 mGy 25
Birth control pills 5
Decrease in Life Expectancy
25. How much radiation would be considered
too much?
• The answer is: More than is necessary.
• Each procedure takes a certain amount of radiation to
perform appropriately.
• Using too much leads to unnecessary radiation dose to the
patient, and using too little may not provide enough
information.
• Each procedure is optimized for the medical task at hand, the
equipment being used, and the patient.
26. Is this nuclear medicine test necessary?
• Patients often wonder if the test that has been ordered is
necessary. What should be asked is:
– What will my doctors learn from this procedure?
– How will the results of my procedure affect the course of my
treatment?
When the procedure offers useful clinical information that
will help your doctor decide on your treatment, the benefits
of the procedure far outweigh its very small potential risk.
27. What about nuclear medicine therapy?
• Patients receive higher amounts
of radiopharmaceuticals for
nuclear medicine therapy.
• These patients might have to
stay in the hospital overnight or
otherwise take precautions in
order to keep the radiation dose
to family members at a reasonable level.
• These precautions might include minimizing time spent with
small children and using a separate bedroom or bathroom.
28. What is the imaging community doing?
• Initiated two dose optimization campaigns
– Image Gently (imagegently.org):
Dose optimization in pediatric imaging
– Image Wisely (imagewisely.org):
Dose optimization in adult imaging
• Both campaigns promote using
the appropriate procedure for the specific
patient with the minimum radiation dose necessary to provide
useful information.
– Provide information to patients and referring physicians
– Provide guidance to imaging community for dose optimization
29. Useful References
• www.DiscoverMI.org (SNM)
• www.RadiologyInfo.org
• Health Physics Society Public Information Page (www.hps.org/public
information)
• www.Imagegently.org
• www.Imagewisely.org
• National Institutes of Health, “An Introduction to Radiation for NIH
Research Subjects”
(www.drs.ors.od.nih.gov/services/rsc/pages/forms_index.htm)