This document outlines signs and treatments for various common emergencies that could occur at school including severe allergic reactions, head injuries, nosebleeds, chipped or knocked-out teeth, choking, eye injuries, broken bones, poisoning, burns, and seizures. It provides guidance on when to call 911, seek emergency medical care, or contact a doctor or dentist for each type of emergency. The document serves as a reference for school nurses and staff on how to identify and respond appropriately to different medical situations.

1. What to Do in an Emergency
Tracy L. Summers BS, RN
Hawthorne School Nurse

2. Types of Emergencies
• Severe allergic reaction
• Head injuries
• Nosebleeds
• Chipped or knocked-out tooth
• Choking
• Eye injury
• Broken bones
• Poisoning
• Burns
• Seizure

3. Severe Allergic Reaction
Signs
• Cough or difficulty breathing
• Swelling to face or lips
• Hives

4. Severe Allergic Reaction
What to do
• Use Epi Pen injector if history of allergy, if Epi Pen is
used should still be seen in Emergency Room.
• If difficulty breathing, speaking or passes out- Go to the
Emergency Room

5. Head Injury Signs
• Pass out (loss of consciousness)
• Headache
• Vomiting
• Confusion
• Sleepiness
• Difficulty walking

6. Head Injury- What to do
• If any numbness or tingling in arms or legs following a
neck injury- do no move- call 911
• Loss of consciousness with difficulty waking up- call 911
• Severe Headache, confused, very sleepy, difficulty
walking, vomits two or more time- Go to Emergency
Room

7. Nosebleed- signs and
treatment
• Bleeding from nose from bump or can just start
• Lean forward, pinch soft part of nose where it meets the
bone for at least 5 minutes
• If bleeding does not stop after 20 minutes of pressure- go
to the ER

8. Chipped or knocked-out
tooth- Treatment
• If it is a permanent tooth, call dentist right away
• If tooth is chipped and is causing pain- Call dentist right
away
• If permanent tooth- place back in socket and hold in place
with a paper towel or clean wash cloth
• If unable to reach dentist for above- go to the ER

9. Choking- signs
• Difficulty breathing
• Holding hands to throat
• Usually will happen while eating or playing

10. Choking- Treatment
• Stand behind the child and reach around waist
• Make a fist and place thumb above bellybutton, place
other hand over fist.
• Pull in and up quickly
• If unable to dislodge or child passes out- call 911

11. Eye injury- signs
• Pain
• Rubbing or pressing on eye
• Eye may be tearing

12. Eye injury- treatment
• If injury is from a direct blow do not force the eye open if
it is swollen shut. Use ice to help decrease the swelling
• If something got into the eye, hold open as best you can
and pour water over to rinse the eye
• If it looks like there is obvious damage to the eye or is a
burn- Go to the ER

13. Broken bone- signs
• If the bone is crooked or sticking out.

14. Broken bone- treatment
• Do not move the affected limb
• Support, brace the lime
• If the bone is sticking out call 911
• If bone (limb) is crooked, call doctor if open, or take to
ER

15. Poisoning- signs
• Anything ingested that should not be
• Burns around the mouth
• Difficulty breathing
• Sleepiness
• vomiting

16. Poisoning- What to do
• If having difficulty breathing or staying awake- call 911
• Call poison control 1-800-222-1222.
• Let them know what the child took and how much if you
know

17. Burns- signs
• First Degree-
• Second Degree-
• Third Degree- Black chard skin- may seen tendons and
bones

18. Burn- Treatment
• Run burn under cool water
• If burn is large, blistered, or open call doctor
• For extensive burns caused by open flames or electricity
with difficulty breathing or loss of consciousness call 911

19. Seizure-Signs
• Stiffening arms, legs, or “jerking”, and will not respond
to you
• Stare off or look dazed and not respond to verbal
commands
• Eyes may roll up

20. Seizure-what to do
• Keep safe, watch for potential injury to head or body,
help to ground if needed.
• Position onto side
• Keep track of time- when seizure starts and stops
• Do Not put anything in mouth
• If no prior seizure history- Call 911
• If seizure history- Call 911 if turns blue, difficulty
breathing, seizure lasts more than 5min.
• If has seizure history- Will be tired, let rest

21. Questions???????