What should we teach according to Plato and Aristotle
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This document discusses the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle on education. It outlines activities for students including discussing passages from Plato's Republic, participating in Plato's Allegory of the Cave activity, and comparing it to their own experiences. Students will also watch a video comparing Plato and Aristotle's views and decide which philosophy aligns more with their own beliefs. The document provides background on both thinkers and their differences - Plato was an idealist who believed in basing knowledge on unchanging principles, while Aristotle was a realist who believed knowledge comes from perception.
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ARISTOTLE PHILOSOPHY
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath born in 384 BCE in Stagira, Greece. He was a student of Plato and later taught Alexander the Great. Aristotle wrote extensively on many topics, creating one of the first comprehensive systems of Western philosophy encompassing fields like logic, metaphysics, ethics, and science. He was an empiricist, believing that all knowledge comes from sensory experience. His works established the foundations of logic and analyzed concepts like substance, causation, and purpose in metaphysics. Aristotle's ethics examined virtue and function, and his logical works established three laws of thought.
Aristotle' s realism presentation
Aristotle developed a philosophical system called realism that rejected Plato's idealism. While influenced by Plato, Aristotle believed that ideas could only be understood by studying real, existing things in the material world using observation and the senses. He outlined seven principles of his realism, including that universal ideas exist in matter but not vice versa, that the soul aims to balance rational thought with emotions and desires, and that matter is always changing towards some purpose or final form determined by its definition.
Theory of Plato’s Idea
Plato developed his Theory of Ideas to address the question "What is truly real?". He proposed that there are universal ideas that represent perfect forms, like the ideal "Cat", that are eternal and immutable. Particular objects in the world only imperfectly represent these ideas. Plato distinguished between knowledge gained through reason and intellect versus opinion from sensory perception. His metaphysical system included eternal ideas that represented true reality, and changing physical phenomena. Plato also developed a hierarchy of knowledge and a tripartite theory of the soul to explain human understanding and fulfillment. Later philosophers like Ibn 'Arabi drew upon Plato's ideas in developing their own spiritual frameworks and understanding the stages of human and cosmic evolution.
Quintilian's theory
Quintilian believed that all forms of knowledge were equally important and that speaking, writing and reading were the most dominant skills. He argued that talent and good attributes require a skilled teacher, persistent study, and continued practice to be profitable. Quintilian advised parents to ensure nurses speak properly from birth and devote care to fostering oratory skills. If resources are unavailable, there should be someone to correct speech. Quintilian believed knowledge can only be acquired through proper education, not inherently, and that oratory is the proper training to attain knowledge. Although knowledge is not inherent, humans are born with a natural quest for reason according to Quintilian.
Plato's presentation
Plato believed that education should be publicly provided by the state and begin at a young age. He advocated for equal education of both boys and girls. Plato felt the role of education was to move individuals collectively toward achieving the good by helping students reach higher levels of thinking and awareness through dialectical discussion and analysis of ideas. The philosopher-king would lead the ideal state, with the brightest students ruling and others playing supporting roles based on their abilities. For Plato, education was the key to transforming society by replacing ignorance with truth and responsibility.
Aristotle
Aristotle's description. Aristotle's view on philosophy, education, learning, following, poem and his views on classes of men. Men were divided into classes that shows the chain of higher to lower classes. Aristotle's begging and his whole contribution to education and how to educate people properly.
Ancient Greek Philosophy
This document provides an overview of some key ancient Greek philosophers, including Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It discusses their lives, ideas, and influences. Socrates believed in questioning assumptions to arrive at truth and was sentenced to death for corrupting youth. Plato was his student and founded the Academy, promoting his theory of Forms. Aristotle was a student of Plato who emphasized observation and founded the Lyceum, making major contributions across many fields. Both Plato and Aristotle had significant impacts on Western thought.
Ancient philosophy
The document provides an overview of ancient Greek philosophy from 600 BC to 322 BC. It discusses some of the major early philosophers known as the Pre-Socratics, including Thales, Anaximander, Heraclitus, Parmenides, and Pythagoras. It then focuses on Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, known as the three great philosophers of ancient Greece. Socrates developed the Socratic method of questioning beliefs and seeking truth. Plato emphasized the role of philosopher-kings and equal rights. Aristotle studied nature scientifically and analyzed different forms of government.
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ARISTOTLE PHILOSOPHY
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath born in 384 BCE in Stagira, Greece. He was a student of Plato and later taught Alexander the Great. Aristotle wrote extensively on many topics, creating one of the first comprehensive systems of Western philosophy encompassing fields like logic, metaphysics, ethics, and science. He was an empiricist, believing that all knowledge comes from sensory experience. His works established the foundations of logic and analyzed concepts like substance, causation, and purpose in metaphysics. Aristotle's ethics examined virtue and function, and his logical works established three laws of thought.
Aristotle' s realism presentation
Aristotle developed a philosophical system called realism that rejected Plato's idealism. While influenced by Plato, Aristotle believed that ideas could only be understood by studying real, existing things in the material world using observation and the senses. He outlined seven principles of his realism, including that universal ideas exist in matter but not vice versa, that the soul aims to balance rational thought with emotions and desires, and that matter is always changing towards some purpose or final form determined by its definition.
Theory of Plato’s Idea
Plato developed his Theory of Ideas to address the question "What is truly real?". He proposed that there are universal ideas that represent perfect forms, like the ideal "Cat", that are eternal and immutable. Particular objects in the world only imperfectly represent these ideas. Plato distinguished between knowledge gained through reason and intellect versus opinion from sensory perception. His metaphysical system included eternal ideas that represented true reality, and changing physical phenomena. Plato also developed a hierarchy of knowledge and a tripartite theory of the soul to explain human understanding and fulfillment. Later philosophers like Ibn 'Arabi drew upon Plato's ideas in developing their own spiritual frameworks and understanding the stages of human and cosmic evolution.
Quintilian's theory
Quintilian believed that all forms of knowledge were equally important and that speaking, writing and reading were the most dominant skills. He argued that talent and good attributes require a skilled teacher, persistent study, and continued practice to be profitable. Quintilian advised parents to ensure nurses speak properly from birth and devote care to fostering oratory skills. If resources are unavailable, there should be someone to correct speech. Quintilian believed knowledge can only be acquired through proper education, not inherently, and that oratory is the proper training to attain knowledge. Although knowledge is not inherent, humans are born with a natural quest for reason according to Quintilian.
Plato's presentation
Plato believed that education should be publicly provided by the state and begin at a young age. He advocated for equal education of both boys and girls. Plato felt the role of education was to move individuals collectively toward achieving the good by helping students reach higher levels of thinking and awareness through dialectical discussion and analysis of ideas. The philosopher-king would lead the ideal state, with the brightest students ruling and others playing supporting roles based on their abilities. For Plato, education was the key to transforming society by replacing ignorance with truth and responsibility.
Aristotle
Aristotle's description. Aristotle's view on philosophy, education, learning, following, poem and his views on classes of men. Men were divided into classes that shows the chain of higher to lower classes. Aristotle's begging and his whole contribution to education and how to educate people properly.
Ancient Greek Philosophy
This document provides an overview of some key ancient Greek philosophers, including Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It discusses their lives, ideas, and influences. Socrates believed in questioning assumptions to arrive at truth and was sentenced to death for corrupting youth. Plato was his student and founded the Academy, promoting his theory of Forms. Aristotle was a student of Plato who emphasized observation and founded the Lyceum, making major contributions across many fields. Both Plato and Aristotle had significant impacts on Western thought.
Ancient philosophy
The document provides an overview of ancient Greek philosophy from 600 BC to 322 BC. It discusses some of the major early philosophers known as the Pre-Socratics, including Thales, Anaximander, Heraclitus, Parmenides, and Pythagoras. It then focuses on Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, known as the three great philosophers of ancient Greece. Socrates developed the Socratic method of questioning beliefs and seeking truth. Plato emphasized the role of philosopher-kings and equal rights. Aristotle studied nature scientifically and analyzed different forms of government.
philosophers..
This document outlines the educational philosophies of several prominent philosophers:
- Socrates taught through questioning to allow learners to generate their own understanding.
- Plato saw education as key to creating his ideal Republic, advocating a holistic education tailored to different castes.
- Aristotle believed in direct observation of nature and that theory must follow fact, introducing categories to classify reality.
- Thomas Aquinas incorporated Greek philosophy into Christianity, seeing reason and faith as complementary realms.
- John Locke believed the human mind at birth is a blank slate written on by experience through sensation and reflection.
Human nature: Ancient Philosophy
The document provides an overview of ancient Greek philosophy and views of human nature from Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It summarizes that Socrates believed human nature involved reasoning and that people do not willingly do wrong. Plato saw human nature as depending on the tripartite soul and that people fulfill their nature based on the society they live in. Aristotle viewed humans as rational social animals that achieve success by fulfilling their telos/function through virtue.
Aristotle
Aristotle was a pioneering philosopher born in 384 BC in Greece. He studied under Plato at Plato's Academy and later founded his own school called the Lyceum. Aristotle made pioneering contributions to logic, metaphysics, mathematics, physics, biology and the arts. He wrote on diverse topics and his works were encyclopedic in scope. Aristotle emphasized observation and experience in his scientific method. He believed the aim of education was to attain happiness and goodness. His works had immense influence on Western philosophy and other fields for centuries.
Greek philosophy
Early Greek philosophers like Thales, Anaximander, and Democritus attempted to understand the natural world through reason rather than myths or religion. Thales believed all things were made of water, while Anaximander proposed an indefinite "boundless" element. Democritus developed an atomic theory, believing the world was made of invisible particles. Socrates disagreed with the Sophists' teachings and used questioning to help students determine right from wrong. Plato documented Socrates' teachings and examined justice in works like The Republic. Aristotle studied many topics and emphasized balance and moderation. Greek philosophy emphasized rational thought and questioning, laying the foundation for many fields of modern study.
Aristotelian realism
Aristotelian realism is based on Aristotle's philosophy which asserts that reality exists independently of observers. Aristotle believed that through observation and experience, people can gain true knowledge about the world. He identified four causes to explain change: the material, formal, efficient, and final causes. Aristotle's conception of realism was that universals exist outside of the mind and people can understand aspects of the objective world through perception using their five senses.
1 midterm lecture triumvirate
The document provides an overview of three major figures in ancient philosophy: Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It summarizes that Socrates used the Socratic method of questioning to seek truth. Plato was a student of Socrates and founded the Academy, believing in forms/ideas and that the intellect should control passions. Aristotle was a student of Plato and made contributions to logic, causation, and virtue ethics as a mean between extremes aimed at eudaimonia or happiness.
socrates,plato and aristotle
Plato and Aristotle were two of the most influential ancient Greek philosophers. Plato founded the Academy, one of the earliest known institutions of higher learning, and developed his theory of Forms which posited that the perceived world is merely a shadow of the ideal world of perfect Forms. Aristotle was a student at Plato's Academy and went on to found his own school, the Lyceum. He wrote on many topics and helped develop logic and categorized fields of knowledge. Both philosophers had a major impact on Western thought and their works were hugely influential on later philosophers and theologians.
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The document summarizes key ideas from ancient Greek philosophers Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Socrates believed that the unexamined life is not worth living and that wisdom comes from wonder. Plato was a student of Socrates and established his Academy school. Aristotle was a student of Plato and established his own school called the Lyceum. The document also briefly discusses other ancient Greek philosophers and historians like Pythagoras, the Sophists, Herodotus, and Thucydides.
Philosophers
This document provides a summary of various philosophers and their ideas. It discusses early Greek philosophers like Thales, Socrates, and Plato. It then covers Aristotle, Thomas Hobbes, René Descartes, Baruch Spinoza, Gottfried Leibniz, George Berkeley, David Hume, and Immanuel Kant among others. For each, it briefly outlines their key ideas and contributions to philosophy such as Descartes' "I think therefore I am" and Kant's distinction between a priori and a posteriori knowledge. The document aims to concisely introduce these major figures and some of their most important philosophical concepts.
Plato’s class distinction the backdrop of contemporary education
The integral nature of the human society makes the interaction of one another within the society necessary. Thus, there exist economic, social, religious and political institutions that foster this required integration. The popular John Donne’s phrase that ‘no man is an island’ advocates a complementarity of each other’s capacity for a wholesome society. Aristotle in his Politics asserted that nature intends man to live in a society. “He who is unable to live in society or who has no need because he is sufficient for himself must either be a beast or a god.” It is only in a society therefore that man can develop his potentialities as a human being. The state, which is described as an organized political community, becomes therefore a plat-form for the realization of this natural need for complementarity.
Contributions of aristotle in psychology
Aristotle made many important early contributions to psychology. He suggested that the soul and body are not separate, and that knowledge comes from experience. Aristotle proposed that the mind was the primary reason for the body's existence and functioning. He described three types of souls - plant, animal, and human - with the human soul uniquely enabling reason. Aristotle also described the four causes of things - material, formal, efficient, and final. He addressed relationships between impulses and urges, believing desire and reason determine actions. Aristotle uniquely understood the influence of time on actions and how humans can remember one thing by observing another.
Aristotle & Stoics - Issue Of Soul (Philosophy Of Man)
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and scientist who founded the Lyceum, a school of learning based in Athens. He studied under Plato and later taught Alexander the Great. According to Aristotle, man is composed of both body and soul, with the soul being divided into the vegetative, sensitive, and rational parts. The soul gives life and form to the material body.
Plato's Philosophy of Education
Plato had a two-part scheme of education consisting of elementary and higher education. He believed the highest goal is knowledge of good and nurturing better humans. Plato wanted education to be engaging rather than forced, and for learning to take hold willingly. He saw nursery education as vital for building character. Plato's method involved dialectic teaching with the teacher holding knowledge. He advocated gymnastics and music for developing the body and mind. Plato's educational aims were to develop leaders, workers, warriors, and civil servants for the state. His philosophy remains relevant for emphasizing justice, morality, and developing individuals' abilities. However, critics note it is too theoretical, expensive, focused on elites, and
WESTERN PHILOSOPHERS’ PERSPECTIVE ON EDUCATION (Unit 5)
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Greek Philosophers and Concept of Education
All the content is prepared for BEd classes and adapted form Michael Caesar Tubal, Instructor/Faculty's presentation on Slideshare. For complete content click on the following link:
https://www.slideshare.net/michaeltubal/the-ancient-socratic-philosophy
COMPARE AND CONTRAST OF PHILOSOPHERS
George Berkeley and David Hume were 18th century philosophers. Berkeley believed that for something to exist it must be perceived, and that material objects only exist as ideas in the mind. Hume was an empiricist who believed knowledge comes from experience and observation, and sought to reconcile human freedom with determinism. Both philosophers emphasized experience and observation over rationalism and intuition in understanding the world.
TRIUMVIRATE; SOCRATES PLATO ARISTOTLE
This document summarizes the philosophies of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, who are considered the founders of Western philosophy. It discusses their views on ethics, metaphysics, politics, and other areas. Socrates used dialectic questioning to investigate ethics. Plato believed in forms/ideas and that the intellect should control passions. His ideal republic was ruled by philosophers. Aristotle studied under Plato and founded the Lyceum. He categorized knowledge into disciplines, developed logic, and believed virtues and contemplation were required for happiness.
ARISTOTLE ON VIRTUES
Aristotle believed that virtue is a trait of character that helps achieve a good life through reason. Virtues must be united with passions, faculties, and character states. According to Aristotle, everything has a purpose or "telos." The telos of humans is happiness or fulfillment through using their abilities to their fullest potential. Aristotle defined happiness as the meaning and purpose of life achieved through developing good moral character over a lifetime and obtaining all goods like health, wealth, and knowledge.
Rationalism report
Rationalism is a philosophical view that regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge. It encompasses the idea that reality has an inherent logical structure that can be understood through reason and deduction. Three key rationalist philosophers during the Renaissance were Copernicus, Brahe, and Kepler, who argued that understanding the world through logic and reasoning was superior to ancient traditions. Rationalists believed that some ideas, like mathematical truths, are true independent of experience and may be innate or discovered through reason alone.
Greek Philosophy
Basic overview of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, and their impact on Greek Civilization and Diffusion into modern world
Greek philosophy
Western philosophy began in ancient Greece with early philosophers speculating about the natural world. Key early Greek schools included the Ionians who proposed naturalistic explanations and the Pythagoreans who combined mathematics and mysticism. Socrates emphasized ethics and virtue while Plato developed his theory of Forms which posited ideal versions of objects in a separate realm of reality. Plato founded his Academy school to teach these ideas and his student Aristotle further advanced philosophical systems.
Ewrt 2 class 16 p lato
This document provides an agenda for an English class discussing Plato's "Allegory of the Cave" and introducing an upcoming in-class essay assignment. The agenda includes a brief biography of Plato, an overview of his "Allegory of the Cave", discussion questions for the allegory, and details about the in-class essay which will ask students to discuss Plato's allegory or a work by Virginia Woolf. Students will complete the essay during the next class using a blue book and have the option to discuss the essays in groups or review suggested strategies for writing. Homework includes reading Woolf's piece and posting a discussion question or QHQ about it.
Class 16
1) The document discusses Plato's life and philosophical works, including his dialogue "The Allegory of the Cave."
2) It provides an overview of Plato's biography, influences, the founding of his Academy, and summaries of key dialogues like The Republic.
3) The document also outlines rhetorical strategies used in Plato's dialogues like allegory and questions for critically analyzing "The Allegory of the Cave."
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philosophers..
This document outlines the educational philosophies of several prominent philosophers:
- Socrates taught through questioning to allow learners to generate their own understanding.
- Plato saw education as key to creating his ideal Republic, advocating a holistic education tailored to different castes.
- Aristotle believed in direct observation of nature and that theory must follow fact, introducing categories to classify reality.
- Thomas Aquinas incorporated Greek philosophy into Christianity, seeing reason and faith as complementary realms.
- John Locke believed the human mind at birth is a blank slate written on by experience through sensation and reflection.
Human nature: Ancient Philosophy
The document provides an overview of ancient Greek philosophy and views of human nature from Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It summarizes that Socrates believed human nature involved reasoning and that people do not willingly do wrong. Plato saw human nature as depending on the tripartite soul and that people fulfill their nature based on the society they live in. Aristotle viewed humans as rational social animals that achieve success by fulfilling their telos/function through virtue.
Aristotle
Aristotle was a pioneering philosopher born in 384 BC in Greece. He studied under Plato at Plato's Academy and later founded his own school called the Lyceum. Aristotle made pioneering contributions to logic, metaphysics, mathematics, physics, biology and the arts. He wrote on diverse topics and his works were encyclopedic in scope. Aristotle emphasized observation and experience in his scientific method. He believed the aim of education was to attain happiness and goodness. His works had immense influence on Western philosophy and other fields for centuries.
Greek philosophy
Early Greek philosophers like Thales, Anaximander, and Democritus attempted to understand the natural world through reason rather than myths or religion. Thales believed all things were made of water, while Anaximander proposed an indefinite "boundless" element. Democritus developed an atomic theory, believing the world was made of invisible particles. Socrates disagreed with the Sophists' teachings and used questioning to help students determine right from wrong. Plato documented Socrates' teachings and examined justice in works like The Republic. Aristotle studied many topics and emphasized balance and moderation. Greek philosophy emphasized rational thought and questioning, laying the foundation for many fields of modern study.
Aristotelian realism
Aristotelian realism is based on Aristotle's philosophy which asserts that reality exists independently of observers. Aristotle believed that through observation and experience, people can gain true knowledge about the world. He identified four causes to explain change: the material, formal, efficient, and final causes. Aristotle's conception of realism was that universals exist outside of the mind and people can understand aspects of the objective world through perception using their five senses.
1 midterm lecture triumvirate
The document provides an overview of three major figures in ancient philosophy: Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It summarizes that Socrates used the Socratic method of questioning to seek truth. Plato was a student of Socrates and founded the Academy, believing in forms/ideas and that the intellect should control passions. Aristotle was a student of Plato and made contributions to logic, causation, and virtue ethics as a mean between extremes aimed at eudaimonia or happiness.
socrates,plato and aristotle
Plato and Aristotle were two of the most influential ancient Greek philosophers. Plato founded the Academy, one of the earliest known institutions of higher learning, and developed his theory of Forms which posited that the perceived world is merely a shadow of the ideal world of perfect Forms. Aristotle was a student at Plato's Academy and went on to found his own school, the Lyceum. He wrote on many topics and helped develop logic and categorized fields of knowledge. Both philosophers had a major impact on Western thought and their works were hugely influential on later philosophers and theologians.
5 2
The document summarizes key ideas from ancient Greek philosophers Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Socrates believed that the unexamined life is not worth living and that wisdom comes from wonder. Plato was a student of Socrates and established his Academy school. Aristotle was a student of Plato and established his own school called the Lyceum. The document also briefly discusses other ancient Greek philosophers and historians like Pythagoras, the Sophists, Herodotus, and Thucydides.
Philosophers
This document provides a summary of various philosophers and their ideas. It discusses early Greek philosophers like Thales, Socrates, and Plato. It then covers Aristotle, Thomas Hobbes, René Descartes, Baruch Spinoza, Gottfried Leibniz, George Berkeley, David Hume, and Immanuel Kant among others. For each, it briefly outlines their key ideas and contributions to philosophy such as Descartes' "I think therefore I am" and Kant's distinction between a priori and a posteriori knowledge. The document aims to concisely introduce these major figures and some of their most important philosophical concepts.
Plato’s class distinction the backdrop of contemporary education
The integral nature of the human society makes the interaction of one another within the society necessary. Thus, there exist economic, social, religious and political institutions that foster this required integration. The popular John Donne’s phrase that ‘no man is an island’ advocates a complementarity of each other’s capacity for a wholesome society. Aristotle in his Politics asserted that nature intends man to live in a society. “He who is unable to live in society or who has no need because he is sufficient for himself must either be a beast or a god.” It is only in a society therefore that man can develop his potentialities as a human being. The state, which is described as an organized political community, becomes therefore a plat-form for the realization of this natural need for complementarity.
Contributions of aristotle in psychology
Aristotle made many important early contributions to psychology. He suggested that the soul and body are not separate, and that knowledge comes from experience. Aristotle proposed that the mind was the primary reason for the body's existence and functioning. He described three types of souls - plant, animal, and human - with the human soul uniquely enabling reason. Aristotle also described the four causes of things - material, formal, efficient, and final. He addressed relationships between impulses and urges, believing desire and reason determine actions. Aristotle uniquely understood the influence of time on actions and how humans can remember one thing by observing another.
Aristotle & Stoics - Issue Of Soul (Philosophy Of Man)
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and scientist who founded the Lyceum, a school of learning based in Athens. He studied under Plato and later taught Alexander the Great. According to Aristotle, man is composed of both body and soul, with the soul being divided into the vegetative, sensitive, and rational parts. The soul gives life and form to the material body.
Plato's Philosophy of Education
Plato had a two-part scheme of education consisting of elementary and higher education. He believed the highest goal is knowledge of good and nurturing better humans. Plato wanted education to be engaging rather than forced, and for learning to take hold willingly. He saw nursery education as vital for building character. Plato's method involved dialectic teaching with the teacher holding knowledge. He advocated gymnastics and music for developing the body and mind. Plato's educational aims were to develop leaders, workers, warriors, and civil servants for the state. His philosophy remains relevant for emphasizing justice, morality, and developing individuals' abilities. However, critics note it is too theoretical, expensive, focused on elites, and
WESTERN PHILOSOPHERS’ PERSPECTIVE ON EDUCATION (Unit 5)
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Greek Philosophers and Concept of Education
All the content is prepared for BEd classes and adapted form Michael Caesar Tubal, Instructor/Faculty's presentation on Slideshare. For complete content click on the following link:
https://www.slideshare.net/michaeltubal/the-ancient-socratic-philosophy
COMPARE AND CONTRAST OF PHILOSOPHERS
George Berkeley and David Hume were 18th century philosophers. Berkeley believed that for something to exist it must be perceived, and that material objects only exist as ideas in the mind. Hume was an empiricist who believed knowledge comes from experience and observation, and sought to reconcile human freedom with determinism. Both philosophers emphasized experience and observation over rationalism and intuition in understanding the world.
TRIUMVIRATE; SOCRATES PLATO ARISTOTLE
This document summarizes the philosophies of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, who are considered the founders of Western philosophy. It discusses their views on ethics, metaphysics, politics, and other areas. Socrates used dialectic questioning to investigate ethics. Plato believed in forms/ideas and that the intellect should control passions. His ideal republic was ruled by philosophers. Aristotle studied under Plato and founded the Lyceum. He categorized knowledge into disciplines, developed logic, and believed virtues and contemplation were required for happiness.
ARISTOTLE ON VIRTUES
Aristotle believed that virtue is a trait of character that helps achieve a good life through reason. Virtues must be united with passions, faculties, and character states. According to Aristotle, everything has a purpose or "telos." The telos of humans is happiness or fulfillment through using their abilities to their fullest potential. Aristotle defined happiness as the meaning and purpose of life achieved through developing good moral character over a lifetime and obtaining all goods like health, wealth, and knowledge.
Rationalism report
Rationalism is a philosophical view that regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge. It encompasses the idea that reality has an inherent logical structure that can be understood through reason and deduction. Three key rationalist philosophers during the Renaissance were Copernicus, Brahe, and Kepler, who argued that understanding the world through logic and reasoning was superior to ancient traditions. Rationalists believed that some ideas, like mathematical truths, are true independent of experience and may be innate or discovered through reason alone.
Greek Philosophy
Basic overview of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, and their impact on Greek Civilization and Diffusion into modern world
Greek philosophy
Western philosophy began in ancient Greece with early philosophers speculating about the natural world. Key early Greek schools included the Ionians who proposed naturalistic explanations and the Pythagoreans who combined mathematics and mysticism. Socrates emphasized ethics and virtue while Plato developed his theory of Forms which posited ideal versions of objects in a separate realm of reality. Plato founded his Academy school to teach these ideas and his student Aristotle further advanced philosophical systems.
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Plato’s class distinction the backdrop of contemporary education
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Aristotle & Stoics - Issue Of Soul (Philosophy Of Man)
Aristotle & Stoics - Issue Of Soul (Philosophy Of Man)
WESTERN PHILOSOPHERS’ PERSPECTIVE ON EDUCATION (Unit 5)
WESTERN PHILOSOPHERS’ PERSPECTIVE ON EDUCATION (Unit 5)
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This document provides an agenda for an English class discussing Plato's "Allegory of the Cave" and introducing an upcoming in-class essay assignment. The agenda includes a brief biography of Plato, an overview of his "Allegory of the Cave", discussion questions for the allegory, and details about the in-class essay which will ask students to discuss Plato's allegory or a work by Virginia Woolf. Students will complete the essay during the next class using a blue book and have the option to discuss the essays in groups or review suggested strategies for writing. Homework includes reading Woolf's piece and posting a discussion question or QHQ about it.
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This document provides an agenda for an English class discussing Plato's "Allegory of the Cave" and introducing an upcoming in-class essay assignment. The agenda includes:
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Secondly, eggs are more versatile and accommodating of different dietary preferences. One can prepare eggs in many ways - scrambled, fried, boiled - to suit vegetarians, those watching calories or fat intake, etc. Pancakes
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Plato's "Allegory of the Cave" will be discussed in class. Students will be introduced to a biography of Plato and the rhetorical strategies he uses. They will consider questions for critically reading Plato's allegory and discuss it in groups. Finally, the class will be introduced to the topic of Essay #4 on privilege and perspective, which students will write in two hours using a blue book.
PPT philosophy 2023 [Autosaved].pptx
The document discusses the philosopher's holistic worldview that sees the world as interconnected, interdependent, and integrated in many ways. It then provides an example of the blind men and the elephant, where each man touches a different part of the elephant and claims to understand it fully based on their partial experience, showing the limitations of a partial point of view. Finally, it argues that using a holistic perspective that considers all available points of view is more desirable in philosophy than any single partial point of view.
LESSON-1-WHAT-IS-PHILOSOPHY.pptx
This document provides an introduction to the philosophy of the human person. It discusses what philosophy is, noting that the ancient Greeks referred to it as the "love of wisdom." It describes some key questions philosophers seek to address, such as what is real and what is our purpose. The document then outlines some of the most notable ancient Greek philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle and their contributions. It characterizes the study of philosophy and discusses the differences between holistic and partial thinking. Reflection is described as examining one's thoughts, feelings, and actions. Finally, some practical uses of philosophy in everyday life are mentioned like critical thinking, problem solving, communication, and self-development.
Ewrt 2 class 16 p lato
This document provides an agenda for a class discussing Plato's "Allegory of the Cave" from The Republic. It includes an introduction to Plato and the allegory, discusses rhetorical strategies used, and provides questions for critically analyzing the allegory. A group project involves drawing and labeling a picture of Plato's cave. The class will discuss the allegory in groups and consider its examination of perception versus reality and education's role in enlightenment. Essay #4 response options relating to the allegory or a Woolf piece are presented.
MARTIN BUBER and PLATO's PHILOSOPHY
The leading Jewish adult education specialist in Germany in the 1930s, he developed a philosophy of education based on addressing the whole person through education of character, and directed the creation of Jewish education centers in Germany and teacher-training centers in Israel.
Philosophy. Buber is famous for his thesis of dialogical existence, as he described in the book I and Thou. However, his work dealt with a range of issues including religious consciousness, modernity, the concept of evil, ethics, education, and Biblical hermeneutics.
According to Buber, human beings may adopt two attitudes toward the world: I-Thou or I-It. ... Buber explains that human beings may try to convert the subject-to-subject relation to a subject-to-object relation, or vice versa. However, the being of a subject is a unity which cannot be analyzed as an object.
Module-1.-Philosophical-Perspective-of-the-Self(1).pptx
This document discusses philosophical perspectives on the self from ancient thinkers. It addresses questions about what constitutes the self - whether it is the soul, body, mind, or combination. It then covers perspectives from Socrates, Plato, and other philosophers. Socrates believed the real self is the soul or psyche, not the physical body. Plato further developed these ideas in his Phaedrus dialogue, distinguishing between the metaphysical realm of forms and the imperfect physical world. The dialogue presents ideas of an ideal ontos reality that is permanent and spiritual, compared to imperfect phenomena manifestations.
Ewrt 2 class 16 variation
This document provides an agenda and background information for a class discussion on Plato's "Allegory of the Cave" from The Republic. It includes:
1. A brief biography of Plato and overview of his philosophical works and founding of the Academy.
2. Discussion questions about the allegory, Plato's rhetorical strategies, and themes of perception and reality.
3. An assignment for students to complete a group project drawing and labeling aspects of the cave.
4. An announcement of the upcoming Essay #4 assignment on privilege and perspective, prompting students to read selections from Cicero, Thoreau, Plato and Woolf to prepare.
Ewrt 2 class 16 p lato
This document provides an overview of Plato and his work "The Allegory of the Cave" from The Republic. It includes:
- A brief biography of Plato, his philosophical influences, and his founding of the Academy in Athens.
- An explanation of Plato's "Allegory of the Cave" and its depiction of prisoners chained in a cave seeing only shadows on the wall.
- Discussion questions for critically analyzing the allegory and its exploration of perspectives on reality and knowledge.
- An assignment for students to analyze the allegory in groups and discuss Plato's rhetorical strategies and themes of perspective and privilege.
Aristotle by Derrick,C.Ss.R.
Arisitotle and His Philosophical aspects, Mainly Aristotle as a philosopher. It will be very useful for those who study Philosophy.
fund.phil
This document provides an overview of a philosophy course on fundamentals of philosophy being offered in Hong Kong. The 3-sentence summary is:
The document outlines a course on fundamentals of philosophy to be taught in Hong Kong in spring 2004, including the instructor's contact information and an overview of the first three lecture topics - an introduction to what philosophy is, Socrates' method of questioning to pursue wisdom, and the three basic laws of thought in logic. It provides background on the course and previews the key concepts and approaches that will be covered.
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What should we teach according to Plato and Aristotle
- 1. Plato and Aristotle Thoughts on Education
- 2. Read aloud rest of philosophy papers and then hand in. Habits Discuss Plato text in groups Plato’s Allegory of the Cave & activity Aristotle vs Plato video Stations: Critique positives and negatives of current school reading books/textbooks/worksheets
- 4. How do good and bad habits affect our educational experience? How can forming good habits aid in education?
- 5. Lived about 437 to 347 BCE Citizen of Athens Philosopher & Mathematician Founded the Academy of Athens the first institution of higher learning IDEALIST: His philosophy is called Platonism
- 6. Discuss page 36 to 38 in Plato’s Republic
- 7. Shadow play 1. Put up the folder 2. Cut out a shape. Label it. 3. Pair with your partner 4. Put a sheet of white paper in front of your shape. 5. Partner tries to describe the object
- 8. The Allegory of the Cave We are all imprisoned in a world of make believe. https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=LTWwY8Ok 5I0
- 9. Compare the Allegory of the Cave analogy to a situation in your own life/politics/government/religion/culture where what you believed was different from reality. Write about that experience.
- 10. According to Plato: We can’t trust the knowledge we get through our senses because the physical world keeps changing. We must base our knowledge on unchanging principles. Therefore: We must look for the order and form behind the objects and that is what we must teach.
- 11. TRIANGULAR OBJECTS WHAT MAKES THESE TRIANGLES? Plato would have us identify the basic form underneath the sensory observation.
- 12. Lived about 384 to 322 BCE Member of Plato’s Academy Philosopher, scientist, educator Tutored Alexander the Great REALIST: Created the philosophy of empiricism – all knowledge is based on perception
- 13. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7K59sHKC TM Take notes and decide whose philosophy best matches your beliefs.
- 14. Select a sentence or paragraph that resonated with you to share with the class. Explain why you selected this.
- 15. Critique the positives and negatives at each station of current school reading books/test books/worksheets Take notes for discussion. Discuss in your station group.
- 16. Read Rousseau & Locke in textbook Educational Issue Essay Due