Plato had a two-part scheme of education consisting of elementary and higher education. He believed the highest goal is knowledge of good and nurturing better humans. Plato wanted education to be engaging rather than forced, and for learning to take hold willingly. He saw nursery education as vital for building character. Plato's method involved dialectic teaching with the teacher holding knowledge. He advocated gymnastics and music for developing the body and mind. Plato's educational aims were to develop leaders, workers, warriors, and civil servants for the state. His philosophy remains relevant for emphasizing justice, morality, and developing individuals' abilities. However, critics note it is too theoretical, expensive, focused on elites, and

1. PLATO’S METHOD OF
TEACHING

2. • PLATO DIVIDED HIS SCHEME OF EDUCATION INTO
TWO PARTS I.E. ELEMENTARY AND HIGHER
EDUCATION. IT IS SO BECAUSE ACCORDING TO
PLATO THERE ARE SOME CERTAIN ASPECTS WHICH
ARE TO BE DEVELOPED AT A CERTAIN AGE.
• THE HIGHEST GOAL OF EDUCATION, PLATO
BELIEVED, IS THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOOD; TO
NURTURE A MAN TO A BETTER HUMAN BEING IT IS
NOT MERELY AN AWARENESS OF PARTICULAR
BENEFITS AND PLEASURES

3. • "Do not then train youths by force and
harshness but direct them to it by what
amuses their minds so that you may be
better able to discover with accuracy the
peculiar bent of the genius of each." – Plato
• Plato writes in his Republic
“Bodily exercise, when compulsory, does no
harm to the body; but knowledge which is
acquired under compulsion obtains no hold
on the mind”

4. PLATO WANTS A PLACE WHERE
CHILDREN LOVE TO GO AND STAY
THERE, AND THEY PLAY WITH THINGS
WHICH ENHANCE THEIR EDUCATION
BY PLAYING.
PLATO GIVES IMPORTANCE TO
NURSERY EDUCATION, HE THINKS
NURSERY EDUCATION PLAYS A
VITAL ROLE IN THE EDUCATION OF
MAN, IT HELP TO BUILD HIS MORAL
CHARACTER AND STATE OF MIND.

5. o Plato believed in the Dialect method of teaching. In
this method the student is dependent on the
teacher for knowledge and learning and the
teacher has all the pressure.
o This can also be seen in his theory of Allegory Of
Cave.

6.  Plato think It will be hard to
discover a better [method of
education] than that which the
experience of so many ages has
already discovered, and this may
be summed up as consisting in
gymnastics for the body.
 According to Plato learning is a
lifelong process. Learning is not
only done at any educational
institution, but it starts from the
childhood of a person from the
surroundings and ends with the
death of person.

7. Plato’s aims
of education:-
A.) TO DEVELOP LEADER AMONG THE FUTURE RULERS
B.) TO DEVELOP HARD AND COMPETENT WORKERS.
C.) TO PRODUCE LEADERS WITH MILITARY SKILL
AMONG THE WARRIORS.
D.) TO PRODUCE FUTURE CIVIL SERVANTS OF THE
STATE.

8. Plato's
Educational
Philosophy

9. Relevance of his philosophy
in today’s education system

10. • Plato regards education to achieve justice,
both individual justice and social justice.
According to Plato, individual justice can be
obtained when everyone develops his or her
ability to the fullest. In this sense, justice
means excellence. For the Greeks and Plato,
excellence is virtue.

11. Freedom for
children
 Do not train children to learn by force and
harshness, but direct them to it by what amuses
their mind, so that you may be better able to
discover with accuracy the peculiar bent of the
genius of each

12. 1. It is compulsory, state regulated,
and meant for both sexes
2. It ensures both physical and
mental development
3. The most important part of
education is proper training in
nursery

13. It improves morality
Element of justice occupies great position
It is an ideal philosophical plan

14. 1. State controlled system of compulsory education :-
He does not favour the idea of leaving education in the
of parents. He considered education as positive means by
which the ruler could mold the character of the people and
promote spirit of unselfish devotion towards their duties.
2. Favour education, both for men and women:-
He was in favour women holding public offices like men. It is
for this step of his, that he is regarded as a revolutionary.

15. 3. Aimed at moral as well as physical development
of the child:-
He held that a healthy mind could reside only in a
healthy body and it was essential that education
should develop both these faculties.
4. Produce philosopher king:-
It was the chief objective of his scheme of
education. The philosophers were expected to
govern the masses only through rigorous
programme of education.

16. The most important part of
education is proper training in
nursery
~Plato

18. Critics of his philosophy
in today’s education
system

19. Only 3 subjects Maths, Literature and Philosophy in fourth stage 20-30 years
And Too late to develop reasoning as the mental attributes would have passed the
right age to study sciences.
It focused too much on the group and not enough on the individual.

20. His training or educational plan was rigorous, and many
would say it was impossible to meet such standards.
Plato system is impractioal and theoretioal
Education extending to 35 will be expensive and will also
kill initiative in men at that age.

21. • “Bodily exercise, when compulsory, done no harm to the
body; but knowledge which is acquired under compulsion
obtains no hold on the mind” – Plato, Republic
Like this quote, there are many other thoughts and views that
are quite contradictory with his own thoughts. In this quote,
Plato stand against compulsory education by force by in his
own opinion he wanted to enforce compulsory education to
the children even by separating them from their parents!
Which is quite questionable indeed.

22.  It is primarily meant for the ruling class only and ignores
the lower classes, which represents the over-whelming
majority of population.
 Its censorship means that there should be no freedom
of speech and expression of opinion other than what
the state suggests and allows, which is unacceptable in
modern times.
 In curriculum, Plato does not propose for the future
legislators any study of finance, law and military tactics
but only of abstract mathematics.

23. • It is more theoretical and less practical.
• It is too expensive to be afforded.
• Very little mention of the education of any
classes except the guardians.
• His classification(The Producers,The
Auxiliaries &The Guardians) of the ancient
Greek citizen is quite outdated in our present
context but his position can be considered at
his time his proposition is also defective, his
classification was base on class but how a
children’s future can be predicted was not clear
in his writing.

24. • He criticizes the individual schools of
education because he thought that could
misdirect the student and the can be
separated from the ideology of the state
on the other hand his own thought can be
defined as individual thoughts of state
and education then he falls in his own
fallacy. His theory can be questioned too.
Moreover, it is evident that diversity and
individual enterprise brought the most
fruits most of the time
• In the third stage, Plato reserved the
whole space for gymnastics and military
training where there must be some
intellectual training too.

25. Fourth stage or the stage to get higher education at the age after thirty is quite difficult
because it will kill the initiative in man at that age.
Fifth or last stage of education shall be quite hectic for the learners at the age of fifty.

26. ALLEGORY OF THE
CAVE

32. Forcefully taking out the prisoner from the cave.
Reality only exists within the mind. Outside our skulls, nothing truly subsists.Our
perceptions -- that is reality.Without our perceptions the world outside is nothing,
merely objects. It is the humans that give those objects meaning and life.
Creating an ideal state where philosophers rule.
Laying down a framework for an education system for producing philosophers and
philosophers king

33. THANKYOU