High speed computing was implemented in supercomputer for scientific research. HPC clusters provide the most efficient, flexible, cost effective computing environments for HPC simulations.
State pattern is one of the behavioral design pattern. The state pattern is a behavioral software design pattern that implements a state machine in an object-oriented way. In State pattern, we create objects which represent various states and a context object whose behavior varies as its state object changes.
Lex is officially known as a "Lexical Analyser". It's main job is to break up an input stream into more usable elements.
Yacc is officially known as a "parser". In the course of it's normal work, the parser also verifies that the input is syntactically sound.
The main idea of fusion is to combine a set of models each of which solves the same original task in order to obtain a better model with more accuracy.
Lex is officially known as a "Lexical Analyser".
Yacc (for "yet another compiler compiler." ) is the standard parser generator for the Unix operating system.
State pattern is one of the behavioral design pattern. The state pattern is a behavioral software design pattern that implements a state machine in an object-oriented way. In State pattern, we create objects which represent various states and a context object whose behavior varies as its state object changes.
Lex is officially known as a "Lexical Analyser". It's main job is to break up an input stream into more usable elements.
Yacc is officially known as a "parser". In the course of it's normal work, the parser also verifies that the input is syntactically sound.
The main idea of fusion is to combine a set of models each of which solves the same original task in order to obtain a better model with more accuracy.
Lex is officially known as a "Lexical Analyser".
Yacc (for "yet another compiler compiler." ) is the standard parser generator for the Unix operating system.
The theory of computation is a branch of computer science and mathematics combined. It deals with how efficiently problems can be solved on a model of computation, using an algorithm.
Lex is called as lexical analyzer, it is a first phase of compiler design.
YACC is a parser generator that takes an input file with an attribute-enriched BNF grammar specification.
Bias: It is the amount by which Machine Learning (ML) model predictions differ from the actual value of the target.
Variance: It is the amount by which the ML model prediction would change if we estimate it using different training datasets.
Artificial Intelligence is the study of how to make computers do things at the moment, and do better. AI important elements:
- think like humans
- act like humans
- think rationally
- act rationally
Engineering mathematics is a branch of applied mathematics concerning mathematical methods and techniques that are typically used in engineering.
At http://www.isquareit.edu.in/ we hope you will be able to explore your full potential as a student and eventually make a remarkable mark in your professional life.
In software engineering, behavioral design patterns are design patterns that identify common communication patterns between objects and realize these patterns.
All these acronyms are often loosely used in the field of technology. It is important to understand that all these acronyms are part of Artificial Intelligence (AI) umbrella.
Factor analysis is a technique that is used to reduce a large number of variables into fewer numbers of factors. This technique extracts maximum common variance from all variables and puts them into a common score.
The Red Black Tree is one of the most popular implementation of sets and dictionaries. A red-black tree is a binary search tree in which each node is coloured red or black.
A database is simply an organized collection of related data, typically stored on disk, and accessible by possibly many concurrent users. Databases are generally separated into application areas.
A Database Management System (DBMS) is a set of programs that manages any number of databases.
The theory of computation is a branch of computer science and mathematics combined. It deals with how efficiently problems can be solved on a model of computation, using an algorithm.
Lex is called as lexical analyzer, it is a first phase of compiler design.
YACC is a parser generator that takes an input file with an attribute-enriched BNF grammar specification.
Bias: It is the amount by which Machine Learning (ML) model predictions differ from the actual value of the target.
Variance: It is the amount by which the ML model prediction would change if we estimate it using different training datasets.
Artificial Intelligence is the study of how to make computers do things at the moment, and do better. AI important elements:
- think like humans
- act like humans
- think rationally
- act rationally
Engineering mathematics is a branch of applied mathematics concerning mathematical methods and techniques that are typically used in engineering.
At http://www.isquareit.edu.in/ we hope you will be able to explore your full potential as a student and eventually make a remarkable mark in your professional life.
In software engineering, behavioral design patterns are design patterns that identify common communication patterns between objects and realize these patterns.
All these acronyms are often loosely used in the field of technology. It is important to understand that all these acronyms are part of Artificial Intelligence (AI) umbrella.
Factor analysis is a technique that is used to reduce a large number of variables into fewer numbers of factors. This technique extracts maximum common variance from all variables and puts them into a common score.
The Red Black Tree is one of the most popular implementation of sets and dictionaries. A red-black tree is a binary search tree in which each node is coloured red or black.
A database is simply an organized collection of related data, typically stored on disk, and accessible by possibly many concurrent users. Databases are generally separated into application areas.
A Database Management System (DBMS) is a set of programs that manages any number of databases.
In data communication and networking, a Protocol defines the rules that both the sender and receiver and all intermediate devices need to follow to be able to communicate effectively.
Smart computing, next-generation computing, is a combination of hardware, software, and network to provide real-time awareness of real-time systems. The real world gets smart by connecting it to a computer, and computer get smart by connecting to the real world.
Wireless sensor network is a distributed system consisting of a large number of low-cost wireless sensor nodes equipped with a small processor with limited memory, RF trans-receiver, antenna, sensing elements and are powered with small batteries and solar cells.
DevOps is a culture which promotes collaboration between Development and Operations Team to deploy code to production faster in an automated & repeatable way.
Adapter pattern works as a bridge between two incompatible interfaces. This type of design pattern comes under structural pattern as this pattern combines the capability of two independent interfaces.
The process of reducing a given DFA to its minimal form is called as minimization of DFA. DFA minimization is also called as Optimization of DFA and uses partitioning algorithm.
NLP is a tool for computers to analyse, comprehend, and derive meaning from natural language in an intelligent and useful way. Natural language processing helps computers communicate with humans in their own language and scales other language-related tasks.
As a student, you should be developing work ethic and etiquette skill sets to prepare you for the work environment. Developing professional habits and manners is more important now than ever before.
Writing skills include all the knowledge and abilities related to expressing yourself through the written word. Here you can find activities to practise your writing skills.
Professional communication in written form requires skill and expertise. And whether you're starting a new job, introducing yourself at a networking event or pitching for new work, here are some things to consider ...
Servlets work on the server-side. Servlets are capable of handling complex requests obtained from the web-server. There are many (competing) server-side technologies available: Java-based (servlet, JSP, JSF, Struts, Spring, Hibernate), ASP, PHP, CGI Script, and many others.
Jenkin is an open source automation server which can be used to automate all sorts of tasks related to building, testing, and delivering or deploying software.
Data science, Know as data-driven science, is also an interdisciplinary field of scientific methods, processes, algorithms, and systems to extract knowledge or insights from data in various forms, either structured or unstructured, similar to data mining.
Sentiment Analysis has become a hot-trend topic of scientific and market research; it is a natural language processing technique used to determine whether data is positive, negative or neutral.
The popular object-oriented languages are Java, C#, PHP, Python, C++, etc. The main aim of object-oriented programming is to implement real-world entities.
Power BI is a business analytics service by Microsoft. BI
Microsoft Power BI is a suite of business intelligence (BI), reporting, and data visualization products and services for individuals and teams. You can access your data from anywhere with the Power BI app.
AVL tree Named after their inventor Adelson, Velski & Landis, is a self-balancing Binary Search Tree (BST) where the difference between heights of left and right subtrees cannot be more than one for all nodes.
Yoga — a mind-body practice — is considered one of many types of complementary and integrative health approaches. Yoga brings together physical and mental disciplines that may help you achieve peacefulness of body and mind.
LR parsing is one type of bottom up parsing. In the LR parsing, "L" stands for left-to-right scanning of the input.
"R" stands for constructing a right most derivation in reverse.
Sampling is fundamental process to move towards digitalization, which converts analog signal into discrete samples. Sampling theorem gives minimum sampling rate requirement so as to recover original message signal. After sampling original signal can be reconstructed without distortion, only if it is a band limited signal.
Sampling is a basic and fundamental step towards converting an analog signal into digital signal. Types of sampling with its merits and demerits with applications are discussed. Aperture effect observed in case of flat top sampling can be compensated using equalizer filter.
Pulse modulation techniques involve a periodic pulse train as a carrier. Different parameters such as amplitude, width and position (phase) of pulse is modified to form PAM, PWM and PPM. Analog and Digital modulation techniques involved in various communication applications. Pulse Code modulation is the widely used and most important digital modulation technique.
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2. Introduction
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
2
High speed computing was implemented in
supercomputer for scientific research
Tools & systems are available to implement & create
high performance computing systems
HPC can be used for scientific, research & computational
systems
Main area of discipline is developing parallel processing
algorithm & software
Programs can be divided into small independent parts &
can be executed simultaneously by separate processor
3. Need for increased computing
power
Computational power is increasing but so are
computational needs
Weather Prediction
Inputs are received from weather stations / sensors
High computation power is needed to process this input, so
that we can predict tomorrow’s weather forecast today
Business
Financial and economic modeling
Transaction processing, web services and search engines
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Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
4. High-Performance Computing
High-Performance Computing is fast computing
Computations in parallel over multiple compute
elements
High speed network to connect compute elements
HPC systems have shifted from supercomputing to
computing clusters
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Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
5. High-Performance Computing
Hardware
Computer Architecture
Vector Computer, Clusters, Distributed System
Network Connections
Ethernet, Proprietary networks
Software
Programming models
MPI, Shared memory
Applications
Open source, commercial
5
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
6. HPC Clusters
Clusters is a group of servers connected with a
dedicated high-speed network
The servers are inter-connected in such a way that they
work together as a single system
Node
Individual machine in a cluster
Head node
Responsible for providing user an environment to work
and distributing task among other nodes
Compute nodes
Generally used for running jobs assigned to them by the
head node
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Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
7. HPC Clusters
Types of Clusters
Storage
Storage clusters provide a consistent file system image
High-availability
Provides continuous availability of services
Load-balancing
Sends requests to multiple cluster nodes to balance load
among the nodes
High-performance
Use nodes to perform concurrent calculations
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Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
8. Benefits of Clusters
Reduced Cost
The cost of nodes has dropped with increase in their
processing power
Processing power
Parallel processing power of a high performance cluster is
more cost effective than a mainframe with similar power
Scalability
Clusters can be easily expanded as requirements change by
adding nodes to the network
Availability
If a node in the cluster fails, its load can be transferred to another
node ensuring high availability
8
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
9. Applications of HPC
Data Analysis
Data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleansing,
transforming, and modeling data with the goal of
discovering useful information, informing conclusions,
and supporting decision-making
Climate Modeling
Climate models are run using data on the factors that
drive the climate, and projections about how these
might change in the future
Drug Discovery
Drug discovery is the process by which drugs are
discovered and/or designed
Energy research
Research in energy sector to mitigate crisis
9
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
10. Summary
HPC clusters provide the most efficient, flexible, cost
effective computing environments for HPC simulations
HPC use most efficient algorithms on computers capable
of the highest performance to solve the most demanding
problems
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Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
11. THANK YOU
For further information please contact
Prof. Nitin Alzende
Department of Computer Engineering
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT
Hinjawadi, Pune – 411 057
Phone - +91 20 22933441
www.isquareit.edu.in | ajitkumars@isquareit.edu.in
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