Adapter pattern works as a bridge between two incompatible interfaces. This type of design pattern comes under structural pattern as this pattern combines the capability of two independent interfaces.
Storyboarding can strengthen the user experience elements of your designs. Wireframe is a low fidelity layout of the design.
Prototype captures the intent of a design and simulates multiple states of that design.
An array is the data structure that contains a collection of similar type data elements and It is better and convenient way of storing the data of same data type with same size.
Maxima and Minima of Functions of Two Independent Variables.
As the name suggests, this topic is devoted to the method of finding the maximum and the minimum values of a function in a given domain.
All these acronyms are often loosely used in the field of technology. It is important to understand that all these acronyms are part of Artificial Intelligence (AI) umbrella.
Storyboarding can strengthen the user experience elements of your designs. Wireframe is a low fidelity layout of the design.
Prototype captures the intent of a design and simulates multiple states of that design.
An array is the data structure that contains a collection of similar type data elements and It is better and convenient way of storing the data of same data type with same size.
Maxima and Minima of Functions of Two Independent Variables.
As the name suggests, this topic is devoted to the method of finding the maximum and the minimum values of a function in a given domain.
All these acronyms are often loosely used in the field of technology. It is important to understand that all these acronyms are part of Artificial Intelligence (AI) umbrella.
DevOps is a culture which promotes collaboration between Development and Operations Team to deploy code to production faster in an automated & repeatable way.
Artificial Intelligence is the study of how to make computers do things at the moment, and do better. AI important elements:
- think like humans
- act like humans
- think rationally
- act rationally
In data communication and networking, a Protocol defines the rules that both the sender and receiver and all intermediate devices need to follow to be able to communicate effectively.
State pattern is one of the behavioral design pattern. The state pattern is a behavioral software design pattern that implements a state machine in an object-oriented way. In State pattern, we create objects which represent various states and a context object whose behavior varies as its state object changes.
HCI is the study, planning, design of the interaction between humans and computers. A human’s interaction with the outside world occurs through information being received and sent: input and output. In an interaction with a computer the user
receives information that is output by the computer, and responds by providing input to the computer.
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. CSS depicts about how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen, different media devices. It saves a lot of time for styling many pages of a big website just at once with single control file.
Assembly language is the most basic programming language available for any processor. Programs written in assembly languages are compiled by an assembler. Every assembler has its own assembly language, which is designed for one specific computer architecture.
Lex is officially known as a "Lexical Analyser".
Yacc (for "yet another compiler compiler." ) is the standard parser generator for the Unix operating system.
The popular object-oriented languages are Java, C#, PHP, Python, C++, etc. The main aim of object-oriented programming is to implement real-world entities.
A database is simply an organized collection of related data, typically stored on disk, and accessible by possibly many concurrent users. Databases are generally separated into application areas.
A Database Management System (DBMS) is a set of programs that manages any number of databases.
The smart closet would provide a user with suggestions of outfits from the user’s closet. The basic motivation behind this application is to reduce everyday stress of finding the appropriate attire for an occasion by taking into consideration the current weather.
Homogeneous function is one with multiplicative scaling behaviour - if all its arguments are multiplied by a factor, then its value is multiplied by some power of this factor.
Business is an enterprise engaged in the production & distribution of services and goods for a price is created to earn profit (except social) & profit results when business activities are conducted efficiently.
Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) is a device that converts an analog quantity (continuous voltage) to discrete digital values.
The PIC microcontroller can be used in various electronic devices like alarm systems, electronic gadgets and computer control systems.
DevOps is a culture which promotes collaboration between Development and Operations Team to deploy code to production faster in an automated & repeatable way.
Artificial Intelligence is the study of how to make computers do things at the moment, and do better. AI important elements:
- think like humans
- act like humans
- think rationally
- act rationally
In data communication and networking, a Protocol defines the rules that both the sender and receiver and all intermediate devices need to follow to be able to communicate effectively.
State pattern is one of the behavioral design pattern. The state pattern is a behavioral software design pattern that implements a state machine in an object-oriented way. In State pattern, we create objects which represent various states and a context object whose behavior varies as its state object changes.
HCI is the study, planning, design of the interaction between humans and computers. A human’s interaction with the outside world occurs through information being received and sent: input and output. In an interaction with a computer the user
receives information that is output by the computer, and responds by providing input to the computer.
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. CSS depicts about how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen, different media devices. It saves a lot of time for styling many pages of a big website just at once with single control file.
Assembly language is the most basic programming language available for any processor. Programs written in assembly languages are compiled by an assembler. Every assembler has its own assembly language, which is designed for one specific computer architecture.
Lex is officially known as a "Lexical Analyser".
Yacc (for "yet another compiler compiler." ) is the standard parser generator for the Unix operating system.
The popular object-oriented languages are Java, C#, PHP, Python, C++, etc. The main aim of object-oriented programming is to implement real-world entities.
A database is simply an organized collection of related data, typically stored on disk, and accessible by possibly many concurrent users. Databases are generally separated into application areas.
A Database Management System (DBMS) is a set of programs that manages any number of databases.
The smart closet would provide a user with suggestions of outfits from the user’s closet. The basic motivation behind this application is to reduce everyday stress of finding the appropriate attire for an occasion by taking into consideration the current weather.
Homogeneous function is one with multiplicative scaling behaviour - if all its arguments are multiplied by a factor, then its value is multiplied by some power of this factor.
Business is an enterprise engaged in the production & distribution of services and goods for a price is created to earn profit (except social) & profit results when business activities are conducted efficiently.
Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) is a device that converts an analog quantity (continuous voltage) to discrete digital values.
The PIC microcontroller can be used in various electronic devices like alarm systems, electronic gadgets and computer control systems.
High speed computing was implemented in supercomputer for scientific research. HPC clusters provide the most efficient, flexible, cost effective computing environments for HPC simulations.
In software engineering, behavioral design patterns are design patterns that identify common communication patterns between objects and realize these patterns.
The theory of computation is a branch of computer science and mathematics combined. It deals with how efficiently problems can be solved on a model of computation, using an algorithm.
Smart computing, next-generation computing, is a combination of hardware, software, and network to provide real-time awareness of real-time systems. The real world gets smart by connecting it to a computer, and computer get smart by connecting to the real world.
The process of reducing a given DFA to its minimal form is called as minimization of DFA. DFA minimization is also called as Optimization of DFA and uses partitioning algorithm.
NLP is a tool for computers to analyse, comprehend, and derive meaning from natural language in an intelligent and useful way. Natural language processing helps computers communicate with humans in their own language and scales other language-related tasks.
As a student, you should be developing work ethic and etiquette skill sets to prepare you for the work environment. Developing professional habits and manners is more important now than ever before.
Writing skills include all the knowledge and abilities related to expressing yourself through the written word. Here you can find activities to practise your writing skills.
Professional communication in written form requires skill and expertise. And whether you're starting a new job, introducing yourself at a networking event or pitching for new work, here are some things to consider ...
Servlets work on the server-side. Servlets are capable of handling complex requests obtained from the web-server. There are many (competing) server-side technologies available: Java-based (servlet, JSP, JSF, Struts, Spring, Hibernate), ASP, PHP, CGI Script, and many others.
Jenkin is an open source automation server which can be used to automate all sorts of tasks related to building, testing, and delivering or deploying software.
Data science, Know as data-driven science, is also an interdisciplinary field of scientific methods, processes, algorithms, and systems to extract knowledge or insights from data in various forms, either structured or unstructured, similar to data mining.
Sentiment Analysis has become a hot-trend topic of scientific and market research; it is a natural language processing technique used to determine whether data is positive, negative or neutral.
Power BI is a business analytics service by Microsoft. BI
Microsoft Power BI is a suite of business intelligence (BI), reporting, and data visualization products and services for individuals and teams. You can access your data from anywhere with the Power BI app.
AVL tree Named after their inventor Adelson, Velski & Landis, is a self-balancing Binary Search Tree (BST) where the difference between heights of left and right subtrees cannot be more than one for all nodes.
Yoga — a mind-body practice — is considered one of many types of complementary and integrative health approaches. Yoga brings together physical and mental disciplines that may help you achieve peacefulness of body and mind.
LR parsing is one type of bottom up parsing. In the LR parsing, "L" stands for left-to-right scanning of the input.
"R" stands for constructing a right most derivation in reverse.
Lex is called as lexical analyzer, it is a first phase of compiler design.
YACC is a parser generator that takes an input file with an attribute-enriched BNF grammar specification.
Sampling is fundamental process to move towards digitalization, which converts analog signal into discrete samples. Sampling theorem gives minimum sampling rate requirement so as to recover original message signal. After sampling original signal can be reconstructed without distortion, only if it is a band limited signal.
Sampling is a basic and fundamental step towards converting an analog signal into digital signal. Types of sampling with its merits and demerits with applications are discussed. Aperture effect observed in case of flat top sampling can be compensated using equalizer filter.
Pulse modulation techniques involve a periodic pulse train as a carrier. Different parameters such as amplitude, width and position (phase) of pulse is modified to form PAM, PWM and PPM. Analog and Digital modulation techniques involved in various communication applications. Pulse Code modulation is the widely used and most important digital modulation technique.
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1. 1
DESIGN PATTERNS :
Adapter Pattern
By
RAVI P. PATKI
(Associate Professor (IT)
Hope Foundation’s
International Institute of Information Technology
2. 2
Agenda
Introduction
Problem in Software Design /code
Definition of Adapter Pattern
Solution to Problem in terms of
Adapter Pattern
Implementation of adapter Pattern
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
3. 3
Introduction
This pattern is easy to understand as the real world is full
of adapters.
For example consider a USB to Ethernet adapter. We
need this when we have an Ethernet interface on one end
and USB on the other.
Since they are incompatible with each other. we use an
adapter that converts one to other.
This example is pretty analogous to Object Oriented
Adapters.
In design, adapters are used when we have a class
(Client) expecting some type of object and we have an
object (Adaptee) offering the same features but exposing a
different interface.
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
4. 4
Introduction
Example
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
5. 5
Adapter pattern works as a bridge between two
incompatible interfaces.
This type of design pattern comes under structural
pattern as this pattern combines the capability of two
independent interfaces.
This pattern involves a single class which is
responsible to join functionalities of independent or
incompatible interfaces.
A real life example could be a case of card reader
which acts as an adapter between memory card and a
laptop.
You plug-in the memory card into card reader and card
reader into the laptop so that memory card can be read
via laptop.
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
Introduction
6. 6
We are demonstrating use of Adapter pattern via
following example in which an audio player
device can play mp3 files only and wants to use
an advanced audio player capable of playing vlc
and mp4 files.
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
Implementation
7. 7
Implementation
we have a MediaPlayer interface and a concrete class
AudioPlayer implementing the MediaPlayer interface.
AudioPlayer can play mp3 format audio files by default.
We are having another interface AdvancedMediaPlayer and
concrete classes implementing the AdvancedMediaPlayer
interface.
These classes can play vlc and mp4 format files.
We want to make AudioPlayer to play other formats as well.
To attain this, we have created an adapter class MediaAdapter
which implements the MediaPlayer interface and uses
AdvancedMediaPlayer objects to play the required format.
AudioPlayer uses the adapter class MediaAdapter passing it the
desired audio type without knowing the actual class which can
play the desired format. AdapterPatternDemo, our demo class
will use AudioPlayer class to play various formats.
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
8. 8Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
Implementation
9. 9Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
Implementation
10. 10Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
Implementation
11. 11Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
Implementation
12. 12Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
Implementation
13. 13Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi
Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
Implementation
14. 14
THANK YOU
For further information please feel free to contact
Dr. Ravi Patki
ravip@isquareit.edu.in
Department of Information Technology,
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT
P-14, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, MIDC Phase I
Pune – 411057
Tel +91 20 22933441
www.isquareit.edu.in; info@isquareit.edu.in