Hepatitis C is a disease that affects the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Approximately 3.2 million people in the US have chronic hepatitis C. The virus replicates in the liver and triggers an immune response that can cause scarring and loss of liver function over many years. Most people develop a chronic HCV infection. Hepatitis C is diagnosed through an antibody test to detect past infection and an RNA test to detect the current presence of the virus. There is no vaccine and many people are unaware they are infected.