What is echo
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An echo is the reflection of sound caused when a sound wave bounces off a surface back to the listener. For an echo to be distinguishable, the sound needs to travel at least 75 meters away from the source and back, taking over half a second. This is because sound closer than that distance will overlap with the original sound and not be a separate reflection. Examples of echoes include those produced by wells, buildings, and enclosed rooms.
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Characteristics of sound
Pitch refers to the highness or lowness of a sound and depends on the frequency of sound waves, with higher frequencies producing higher pitches. Loudness depends on several factors including the energy and amplitude of sound waves, with greater energy and amplitude producing louder sounds. Quality or timbre allows distinction between sounds of the same pitch and loudness but from different sources, such as telling a guitar note from a piano note.
SOUNDS
This document discusses the properties and characteristics of sound. It begins by explaining that sound consists of waves of air particle vibrations that travel through a medium and can be longitudinal or transverse. It then covers key characteristics of sound waves like frequency, wavelength, amplitude, and period. The main properties of sound discussed are pitch (determined by frequency), loudness and intensity (determined by amplitude), timbre, and speed of sound (which depends on the medium and its temperature, density, and elasticity). The document also examines the propagation of sound through reflection, refraction, diffraction, and the Doppler effect, and discusses sonic booms.
Sound
Vibration produces sound waves that propagate as longitudinal waves through a medium such as air. When an object vibrates, it causes disturbances in the surrounding air particles that move away as a sound wave. Sound waves travel through air and other media by particles colliding and vibrating in the direction of propagation. Sound is generated by various means including plucking, striking, rubbing and blowing objects, and is detected when the sound waves reach the ear.
Sound ppt
Sound is produced by vibrations that travel in waves through a medium such as air. Sound waves are longitudinal waves that cause compressions and rarefactions as they propagate. The pitch of a sound depends on its frequency, with higher frequencies producing higher pitches. Loudness depends on factors like the amplitude of vibrations and the area and distance from the vibrating source. Humans can hear sounds between 20-20,000 Hz but ultrasound with frequencies above 20,000 Hz has many medical and industrial uses.
Sound Waves
This document discusses key concepts about sound, including:
- Sound is caused by fluctuations in air pressure that propagate as waves. Frequency, wavelength, and speed are closely related characteristics of sound waves.
- Humans hear different frequencies as different pitches. Higher frequencies are heard as higher pitches like whistles, while lower frequencies have lower pitches like rumbling trucks.
- The loudness we perceive depends on both the frequency and amplitude of sound waves. The human ear is most sensitive to frequencies between 300-3,000 Hz, which encompasses most of the frequencies in speech.
Sound
Sound waves are produced by the vibration of molecules and transmitted through matter as longitudinal waves, traveling faster in solids than liquids or gases due to the closer proximity of molecules. Sound travels as waves that can be reflected, refracted, or absorbed by various media; the velocity depends on the density and elasticity of the material. The human ear detects sound waves through the vibration of the eardrum and conversion to neural signals by specialized structures in the inner ear that are transmitted to the brain for interpretation.
Reflection Of Sound Part 2
The document discusses several topics related to sound:
1. Reflection of sound follows the same laws as light reflection, with the incident, reflected, and normal waves lying in the same plane. Echoes are produced by sound reflections off large, hard, smooth surfaces.
2. Reverberation occurs when the original and reflected sounds are so close in time that they cannot be heard separately, making the sound seem prolonged.
3. Applications of echoes include locating submarines, fish shoals, and sunken objects underwater through echolocation.
Echoes
Echoes are sound waves that bounce back to their source after hitting an object. In Greek mythology, Echo was a nymph cursed by Hera to only repeat the last words of others. Animals like bats and dolphins use echolocation by emitting sounds and interpreting the echoes to locate prey, navigate, and learn about their surroundings. Sonar devices also make use of echoes by sending out sound pulses and measuring the time it takes for the echo to return to calculate distances of underwater objects.
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Pitch refers to the highness or lowness of a sound and depends on the frequency of sound waves, with higher frequencies producing higher pitches. Loudness depends on several factors including the energy and amplitude of sound waves, with greater energy and amplitude producing louder sounds. Quality or timbre allows distinction between sounds of the same pitch and loudness but from different sources, such as telling a guitar note from a piano note.
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This document discusses the properties and characteristics of sound. It begins by explaining that sound consists of waves of air particle vibrations that travel through a medium and can be longitudinal or transverse. It then covers key characteristics of sound waves like frequency, wavelength, amplitude, and period. The main properties of sound discussed are pitch (determined by frequency), loudness and intensity (determined by amplitude), timbre, and speed of sound (which depends on the medium and its temperature, density, and elasticity). The document also examines the propagation of sound through reflection, refraction, diffraction, and the Doppler effect, and discusses sonic booms.
Sound
Vibration produces sound waves that propagate as longitudinal waves through a medium such as air. When an object vibrates, it causes disturbances in the surrounding air particles that move away as a sound wave. Sound waves travel through air and other media by particles colliding and vibrating in the direction of propagation. Sound is generated by various means including plucking, striking, rubbing and blowing objects, and is detected when the sound waves reach the ear.
Sound ppt
Sound is produced by vibrations that travel in waves through a medium such as air. Sound waves are longitudinal waves that cause compressions and rarefactions as they propagate. The pitch of a sound depends on its frequency, with higher frequencies producing higher pitches. Loudness depends on factors like the amplitude of vibrations and the area and distance from the vibrating source. Humans can hear sounds between 20-20,000 Hz but ultrasound with frequencies above 20,000 Hz has many medical and industrial uses.
Sound Waves
This document discusses key concepts about sound, including:
- Sound is caused by fluctuations in air pressure that propagate as waves. Frequency, wavelength, and speed are closely related characteristics of sound waves.
- Humans hear different frequencies as different pitches. Higher frequencies are heard as higher pitches like whistles, while lower frequencies have lower pitches like rumbling trucks.
- The loudness we perceive depends on both the frequency and amplitude of sound waves. The human ear is most sensitive to frequencies between 300-3,000 Hz, which encompasses most of the frequencies in speech.
Sound
Sound waves are produced by the vibration of molecules and transmitted through matter as longitudinal waves, traveling faster in solids than liquids or gases due to the closer proximity of molecules. Sound travels as waves that can be reflected, refracted, or absorbed by various media; the velocity depends on the density and elasticity of the material. The human ear detects sound waves through the vibration of the eardrum and conversion to neural signals by specialized structures in the inner ear that are transmitted to the brain for interpretation.
Reflection Of Sound Part 2
The document discusses several topics related to sound:
1. Reflection of sound follows the same laws as light reflection, with the incident, reflected, and normal waves lying in the same plane. Echoes are produced by sound reflections off large, hard, smooth surfaces.
2. Reverberation occurs when the original and reflected sounds are so close in time that they cannot be heard separately, making the sound seem prolonged.
3. Applications of echoes include locating submarines, fish shoals, and sunken objects underwater through echolocation.
Echoes
Echoes are sound waves that bounce back to their source after hitting an object. In Greek mythology, Echo was a nymph cursed by Hera to only repeat the last words of others. Animals like bats and dolphins use echolocation by emitting sounds and interpreting the echoes to locate prey, navigate, and learn about their surroundings. Sonar devices also make use of echoes by sending out sound pulses and measuring the time it takes for the echo to return to calculate distances of underwater objects.
SOUND WAVES AND PROPERTIES
The document discusses the properties of sound waves. It explains that sound can be reflected, refracted, diffracted, and cause interference effects. This indicates that sound is a wave, as these properties are only exhibited by waves. The document provides examples of constructive and destructive interference of sound waves. It also discusses how the width of an opening affects the diffraction of sound waves passing through it.
Properties of sound
The document discusses the key properties of sound:
Pitch refers to the highness or lowness of a sound and depends on the frequency of vibrations. Intensity refers to the energy of a sound wave and is measured in watts per meter squared. Loudness is a subjective measure of how loud a sound seems and is related to intensity, distance from the source, and condition of the transmitting medium. Quality or timbre distinguishes one sound from another by other characteristics beyond pitch and loudness. The document provides examples of the intensity and loudness of common sounds to illustrate these concepts.
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Sound is composed of compression and rarefaction waves that the human ear can detect. It is produced by vibrations that create pressure variations in a medium and can be caused by either simple or complex motions. Sound waves carry energy and are longitudinal waves where the size of the compression indicates the energy. The human ear detects sound waves through the vibration of the ear drum which are then amplified by the bones and converted to nerve impulses in the cochlea. Properties of sound waves include pitch determined by frequency, loudness by amplitude, and timbre which distinguishes between sounds of the same pitch and loudness.
Ch.12.less.2.what are the properties of sound [autosaved] [recovered]
This document discusses the properties of sound. It explains that sound is a type of energy that travels through matter in longitudinal waves of compression and rarefaction. It moves through solids fastest and gases slowest. Echoes are sounds waves that reflect off surfaces. Covering rooms in soft materials helps absorb sound waves and reduce echoes by transferring the wave's energy into thermal energy. Pitch is how high or low a sound is and is related to frequency, or the number of vibrations per second. The Doppler effect changes a sound's pitch depending on whether the source is moving toward or away from the listener. Amplitude refers to the density of compressions and rarefactions in sound waves.
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1. Sound is a longitudinal mechanical wave that propagates through a medium such as air or water by compressions and rarefactions which create regions of high and low pressure.
2. The document discusses several properties of sound waves including that frequency determines pitch, amplitude determines loudness, and speed depends on the properties of the medium.
3. Wave interference and phenomena like resonance, standing waves, and the Doppler effect are also covered as they relate to the nature and perception of sound waves.
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The document discusses key properties and characteristics of sound. It defines sound as a vibration that travels through air or other mediums and can be heard. Sound waves are longitudinal waves that require a medium. The amplitude of a wave determines its volume or loudness, while frequency determines its pitch or how high or low it is. Higher frequencies have smaller wavelengths. The human ear can detect sounds between 20 Hz and 20 kHz. The speed of sound depends on the medium and temperature. Ultrasound uses high frequency sound to image inside the body. The Doppler effect causes changes in perceived frequency for moving sources due to wave compression.
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Pitch refers to the highness or lowness of a sound and depends on the frequency of vibrations. Intensity refers to the energy of a sound wave and is measured in watts per meter squared. Loudness is a subjective measure of how loud a sound seems and is related to intensity, distance from the source, and condition of the transmitting medium. Quality or timbre distinguishes one sound from another by other characteristics beyond pitch and loudness. The document provides examples of the intensity and loudness of common sounds to illustrate these concepts.
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This document discusses various aspects of room acoustics, including how sound travels and interacts with surfaces. Sound can bounce off surfaces, be absorbed, diffracted, or interfere with itself. The properties of the room, including surface smoothness and materials, impact the behavior of sound. Absorptive materials can reduce reverberation time by transforming sound energy into heat. Diffraction causes sound to bend around objects. Experiments are described to understand reflection and diffraction. Different room designs, like amphitheaters and concert halls, influence the listener experience through focused or diffuse reflections.
Acoustics_architecture_corporate interiors
The document discusses the physics of sound. It defines sound as a pressure wave that travels faster through solids than liquids or gases. Sound waves are longitudinal waves that create compressions and rarefactions. The key characteristics of a sound wave are its frequency, amplitude, wavelength, and speed. Frequency is measured in Hertz and determines the pitch of a sound. Amplitude determines loudness. Wavelength is the distance between compressions or rarefactions. Sound waves can be reflected, transmitted, absorbed, or cause diffraction or reverberation when interacting with surfaces. The range of normal human hearing is between 20-20,000 Hz. Different materials are used to absorb sound like porous absorbers, panel absorbers, and resonators
Physics sound
The document discusses reflection of sound and how various devices use reflection of sound waves. It defines reflection of sound as sound bouncing back when it strikes a hard surface. It describes how a megaphone amplifies and directs sound by reflecting it, a stethoscope is used by doctors to listen to body sounds by reflecting them, and a soundboard in a large hall reflects sound to aid listening. Echoes occur when a sound reflects off a surface and the original sound and reflection can be heard separately if there is a time interval of at least one tenth of a second between them.
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we hear many type of sound from various sources like humans, birds, bells, machines, vehicles, televisions, radios, etc. Sound is a form of energy which produces a sensation of hearing in our ears.
The presentation which increases your knowledge about sound.
by Mohammad Ali.
Building service.ppt of neeru and aprajeeta
This document discusses building acoustics and provides solutions for acoustic defects. It begins with definitions and characteristics of sound, including transmission, absorption, reflection, and reverberation. Common acoustic defects like echoes, reverberation, insufficient loudness, sound foci, and dead spots are described along with solutions. Various acoustic materials are presented with applications and coefficients. A case study of a hotel demonstrates acoustic design considerations for reception, doors, furniture, ceilings, floors, and glazing.
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An echo occurs when sound waves bounce off a surface and travel back to the source. For an echo to be produced, the reflecting surface must be large compared to the sound's wavelength and located at least 17 meters from the source. The time delay between the original sound and the echo determines the distance to the reflecting surface. Some animals like bats and dolphins use echolocation to detect objects by emitting sounds and sensing the echoes.
Acoustics I PPT.pdf
The document discusses key concepts in acoustics including:
1. Acoustics covers the properties and transmission of sound, and architectural acoustics applies these principles to buildings.
2. Important acoustic concepts include frequency, wavelength, amplitude, intensity measured in decibels, and reverberation.
3. A room's acoustics are determined by how sound waves propagate and are reflected off surfaces based on their material and shape.
4. Reverberation is the gradual decay of sound in a room after the source stops due to multiple reflections, and is measured by reverberation time.
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Explains basics about sound and what classroom issues are present due to sound effects which causes problem for students to hear teacher properly.
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B.Tech sem I Engineering Physics U-V Chapter 1-SOUND
1. The document discusses various topics related to sound including how sound is produced, the difference between musical and noise sounds, factors that affect loudness and absorption, and Sabine's formula for reverberation time.
2. It also covers topics like sound absorption coefficient, factors that influence the acoustics of buildings like reverberation time, loudness, focusing, echoes, and different types of noise.
3. Remedies to improve acoustics by controlling reverberation time, loudness, focusing, echoes and reducing noise are also presented.
Acoustics
1) Acoustics refers to vibrations that are audible to humans, ranging from 20-20,000 Hertz. All sounds originate from object vibrations.
2) Key characteristics of sound include requiring a medium to propagate, having a finite velocity, and traveling at different speeds in different materials. Sounds can be classified by pitch, timbre, and intensity.
3) Important factors that affect building acoustics include optimizing reverberation time, avoiding uneven loudness or focusing due to interference or resonance, and reducing echoes and noise. Absorbing materials and proper ventilation help address these factors.
Physics forum
This document discusses the reflection of sound and its applications. It begins by stating that sound reflects according to the same laws as light, with the incident, normal, and reflected rays lying in the same plane and the angles of incidence and reflection being equal. It then gives examples of applications including echoes, reverberation, use in stethoscopes, whispering galleries, sonar, and echolocation by bats.
Primer on reverberation
The distortion of sound we hear is due to "coloration" of the sound caused by reverberation - an invisible physical phenomenon. This presentation brings out the basics of reverberation.
ppt.pptx
The document discusses various topics related to architectural acoustics including:
- The definition of architectural acoustics as the study of sound generation, propagation, and transmission in buildings.
- The importance of applying acoustic principles to improve quality of life through work and leisure environments.
- The need to both enhance desirable sounds like music, while reducing undesirable noise.
Magazine Artical
The document discusses various concepts related to acoustics, including:
- Live rooms which bounce sound around in a pleasing way, such as auditoriums and bathrooms, versus dead rooms with high sound absorption like for recording vocals.
- Reverberation, which is the reflection of sound off surfaces that allows sounds to travel further and is used in theaters but can become "muddy" if excessive.
- Soundproofing, which reduces sound transmission between areas.
- Unwanted noise can be minimized through reducing electrical circuitry, editing out noise tails, and using windscreens for outdoor recording.
sound and its property
This document discusses acoustics and the reflection of sound waves. It covers topics like reflection of sound waves from rigid and curved surfaces, reflection between different media, intensity of sound waves, reverberation time, echoes, and reducing noise in buildings. The key points are:
- Sound waves reflect in a similar manner as light waves, changing direction when reflecting off surfaces.
- Reflection depends on the properties of the reflecting surface and the media on either side.
- Intensity of sound depends on factors like amplitude, frequency, area of sound source, and distance from the source.
- Reverberation time is the time it takes for sound intensity to decrease by a million times after the source
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Reflection of Sound....................................
Reflection of Sound....................................
Architectural acoustics topics and remedies - short presentation
Architectural acoustics topics and remedies - short presentation
B.Tech sem I Engineering Physics U-V Chapter 1-SOUND
B.Tech sem I Engineering Physics U-V Chapter 1-SOUND
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What is echo
- 1. What is echo? By- Master Rohan Chakraborty
- 2. Dictionary meaning of echo? • ech·o/ˈekō/ • Noun: A sound or series of sounds caused by the reflection of sound waves from a surface back to the listener: "the walls threw back echoes".
- 4. What’s exactly an ECHO? • An echo Is a reflection of sound. • Typical examples are the echo produced by the bottom of a well, by a building, or by the walls of an enclosed room and an empty room. A true echo is a single reflection of the sound source. The time delay is the extra distance divided by the speed of sound.
- 5. • Echoes happen because sound bounces off things. • You probably knew that already. But something else has to happen as well; just bouncing won't make an echo. • After all, you don't hear an echo when you yell in your bedroom, even though the sound is bouncing off the walls.
- 6. • The first requirement for an echo is distance. • Sound travels fast ... about 300 metres in one second. • A really good echo will return to you after several long seconds ... that's what makes it eerie. • For our purposes, let's suppose that any sound that returns within half a second will overlap with your own voice and not make a distinguishable echo. So how far must an echo travel in order to return at least half a second later? •
- 7. Remember that it must go out and then come back to you. At 300 meters per second, or 150 meters per half-second, it needs to travel at least 150 meters in total ... or 75 meters out and 75 meters back. As a result, to get a good echo, the sound must bounce off something at least 75 meters away. Otherwise, it will return in less than half a second, and won't make a good echo.