This document outlines the evolution of the modern state from early tribal organizations through various historical stages. It discusses how kinship, religion, wars, conquests and economic needs led to the development of tribes, oriental empires, Greek city-states, the Roman Empire, feudal states and ultimately the emergence of the modern nation state. Some of the key developments included the rise of territorial empires in places like Persia, China and Sumer; the formation of city-states in ancient Greece and Rome; and the breakdown of the feudal system leading to new political divisions based on nationalism, technology, and the rise of the middle class.

2. Western Concept Of State
and
Emergence Of Modern State
Presented by Mahnoor Fatima
Pakiza Mushtaq
Maryam Bibi

3. • According to the Bluntchli State is “the
politically organized people of a definite
territory”.
• A state is an organized political community
within a definite territory living under a single
system of government.

4. • Multiple factors operated in the evolution of
state of which most important were:
• Kinship
• Religion
• Wars
• Conquests
• Political consciousness
• Economic needs

5. • Evolution of state signifies following stages:
• Tribal organization
• Oriental empire
• Greek city states
• Roman empire
• Feudal state
• Emergence of modern nation state

6. • Kinship played an important role in the
evolution of a politically organized society.
• Its most primitive form was the tribe, in
which the chief of tribe had main authority.
• The ancient organized tribes civilizations
mostly flourished on the banks of rivers.

7. • The first political entity that was organized on territorial
basis
was Oriental Empire.
• Develop your land, create great cities, raise huge armies
and
fight epic wars.
• Advance technology, culture and religion to create one of
mankind’s great civilizations.
• Great Oriental Empires were Iranians ,Chinese and
Sumerians.

8. • After the Greek dark ages, in 4th and 5th century BC
villages started to band together, in part for protection
and in part for more organized trade. They wanted strong
trading centers. Groups of villages banded together were
called city-states.
• Early European civilization reached at its peak in the
Greek city states.
• Although each city-state had its own form of government
and its own army, and each city-state certainly its own
way of doing things, the city-states of ancient Greece had
many things in common. But they were loyal to their city-
state
• The city-states bounded together to fight outsiders. They
also banded together to fight each other.

9. • The evolution of body politic in Rome was also started
with the emergence of city states.
• In roman city states the form of government was
hereditary monarchy and rulers exercised absolute
authority.
• The glorious period of Rome was the one known as
Roman Empire .
• The whole system of Roman Empire was based on
democracy and oppression in which the ruling elite was
the only privileged class .

10. • With the disintegration of the holy roman empire ,the
whole empire was divided into small feuds under the
hegemony of different feudalists.
• The feudal system was based on knit Scio economic
system and a peculiar civilization.
• The whole territory under the control of one lord was
called a feud.
• .

11. • New political divisions emerged on the
basis of
• Territorial nationalism ,
• Introduction of new technology ,
• Role of middle class ,
• Popularity of democracy.