This document contains a summary of English lessons on adjectives and verbs. It includes examples and exercises on describing nouns using adjectives related to number, quality and color. It also discusses the positive, comparative and superlative forms of adjectives. For verbs, it explains the simple present tense for singular and plural subjects, including irregular verbs. Students are given tasks to practice using adjectives and forming verb tenses correctly.

1. English IV
Week 5-6

2. Checking of Attendance
Say “Present”
when you hear
your name.

3. Prayer
Angel of God, my guardian
dear, to whom God's love
commits me here, ever this
day be at my side, to light
and guard, to rule and guide.
Amen.

4. Checking of Assignment:
1. crescent-shaped bread
2. a school for very young children
3. a person who gives generously to other people
4. a form of martial arts that originated in Japan
5. the sun, the moon and the stars

5. GETTING TO KNOW
 Tell us your favorite
character and what
makes them amaze
you?

6. Adjectives
See it on page 18-19

7. Look at the pictures below. Then, answer the
given questions.

8. Guide Question:
a. How many houses are there?
b. How would you describe the size of each
house?
c. If you were to choose, in which house
would you live? Why?

9. Conclusion
By looking at the houses and after reading
the questions, you may have thought of
these phrases: tree houses, bigger house,
smaller house, orange house, brown wall
and blue door.

10. Adjectives
 An adjective is a word that
describes a noun or pronoun. It
may tell something about number,
quality and color.

11. Learning Task 1:
Describe the pictures in terms of number, quality and color
1.
t w _
l _ _ g
w h _ _ _
candles
2.
f _ _ r
s w _ _ _
y _ _ _ _ w
mangoes

12. Learning Task 1:
Describe the pictures in terms of number, quality and color
3.
o _ e
n _ w
w _ _ _ e
hat
4.
t w _
c l _ _ n
b r _ _ n
hands

13. Learning Task 1:
Describe the pictures in terms of number, quality and color
5.
s _ _ _ n
f r _ _ h
w _ _ t _
eggs

14. Adjectives
a noun or pronoun can be described by two or more
adjectives. In this case, adjectives must follow the correct order
as follows:

15. Learning Task 3:
Arrange the series of adjectives in their correct order.
1. How much do those (big three red) ribbons cost?
2. I need (small green five) boxes.
3. Jun and Kim bought (big two orange) balls.
4. Lucy gave her Mom (red ten sweet) apples.
5. Mang Ian feeds his (eleven yellow little) ducklings.

16. Let us check!
1. three big red
2. five small green
3. two big orange
4. ten sweet red
5. eleven little yellow

17. Adjectives
 It may describe one or more
persons or things. Also, adjectives
have positive, comparative and
superlative forms or degrees.

18. POSITIVE FORM OR DEGREE
Indicates no comparison.
Example:
Seb is an industrious boy.

19. COMPARATIVE FORM OR DEGREE
compares or describes two nouns or
pronouns. It is formed by adding –er or by
using more before and than after the adjective)
Example:
Seb is more industrious than his twin brother.

20. SUPERLATIVE FORM OR DEGREE
compares or describes more than two nouns
or pronouns. It is formed by adding –est or by
adding most before the adjective.
Example:
Seb is the most industrious in his class.

21. Adjective ends with -y
Adjectives ending in -y form their
comparative by changing y to i and add –er
superlative forms or degrees by changing y
to i and add –est
Example:
pretty - prettier/prettiest.

22. DEGREES OF ADJECTIVE

23. Learning Task 5:
Complete the table below by supplying the appropriate degrees of
comparison.
warmer warmest
sharp sharpest
pretty prettier
more thoughtful most thoughtful
precious most precious

24. Simple Present Tense
of Verbs
See it on page 23-25

25. Verbs are action words. They are very important in
learning a language. They are always present in
sentences. To understand them, one of the basic
concepts in learning verbs focuses on Simple Present
Tense.
INTRODUCTION

26. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
The simple present tense of verbs is formed in
different ways.
It indicates present condition, habitual action
or general truth.
Singular subjects (nouns and pronouns like he,
she, it) require the –s form of verb.

27. Simple Present Tense for SINGULAR
SUBJECTS
1. Most verbs form their simple present tense
by adding –s to their base forms.
Examples:
Enrico draws his masterpiece.
Everyday, Ramona rides a jeepney on her
way to school.

28. 2. For verbs ending in -ss, -sh, -ch, -x and -o, the
simple present tense is formed by adding -es.
Examples:
She brushes her teeth three times a day.
The baker mixes the ingredients in a bowl.
Simple Present Tense for SINGULAR
SUBJECTS

29. 3. For verbs ending in –y preceded by vowels,
the simple present tense is formed by adding -s.
Examples:
Christine buys vitamins for her family.
My sister enjoys her three-week vacation.
Simple Present Tense for SINGULAR
SUBJECTS

30. 4. For verbs ending in –y preceded by
consonants, the simple present tense is formed
by changing y to i, then, add –es.
Examples:
My father dries his harvested crops.
Anthony copies the lesson.
Simple Present Tense for SINGULAR
SUBJECTS

31. Learning Task 4:
1. It is Steve who always ________________ (pay) for our snacks.
2. An unknown man ________________ (spy) on me!
3. A lady ________________ (say), “Stop!”
4. A white butterfly ________________ (fly) in the garden.
5. Queenzel ________________ (enjoy) playing table tennis.

32. Let Us Check!
1. pays
2. spies
3. says
4. flies
5. enjoys

33. Simple Present Tense for PLURAL
SUBJECTS
1. Plural subjects take the simple (or the base) form of the verb when
expressing the present tense.
Examples:
 You prepare a report on this.
 We follow the instructions of our leader.
 They plan for grandfather’s birthday celebration.
 The students sing a song for their teacher.
 Anna and Anton review for their exams.

34. PRONOUNS I AND YOU
Though singular in nature, the pronoun I when used
in a sentence uses am (for be-verb) and takes the
simple (or the base) form of the verb when
expressing the present tense.
Examples:
 I prepare this report for our class.

35. PRONOUNS I AND YOU
The pronoun you whether singular or plural always takes
simple (or the base) form of the verb when expressing the
present tense.
Examples:
You write a letter to your teacher. (You in singular form)
You submit your projects to your teacher. (You in plural
form)

36. Verb ‘To Be’
(Expressing Present Condition)
Except for the pronoun I which uses am, the
simple present tense of be-verb used in
he/she/it and other singular subjects is is while
you, we, they and other plural subjects use are.

37. Learning Task 1:
1. The school (has, have) various academic programs.
2. Lian (hangs, hang) her hand-made lanterns.
3. The sun (shines, shine) brightly.
4. Teacher Mara (prepares, prepare) activities about verbs.
5. Both of my parents often (works, work) at night as call
center agents.

38. Learning Task 2:
1. Every Filipino (do, does) his/her share of serving his/her
country.
2. Each scouting organization (teach, teaches) the youth to
be obedient and responsible.
3. Ethan (clean, cleans) his surroundings.
4. Manny and Joy (segregate, segregates) their household
wastes.

39. Learning Task 2:
5. Villamiel Family (manage, manages) the finances well.
6. Filipinos (love, loves) their country, the Philippines.
7. Our teachers (live, lives) here.
8. Our national heroes (inspire, inspires) me.

40. Learning Task 2:
9. The pupils (obey, obeys) their school rules.
10.We (do, does) not violate the laws of the land.

41. Let us check!
1. does
2. teaches
3. cleans
4. segregate
5. manages
6. love
7. live
8. inspire
9. obey
10. do

42. Assignment:
Answer learning task 6 on your
notebook. See it on page 22 in
your module.

45. Thank you
Teacher Danlene