Parts of a Sentence

1. USE SENTENCES
APPROPRIATELY AND
MEANINGFULLY
(Parts of the Sentence)

2. PARTS OF SENTENCE
Subject
Predicate
Object
Complement
Modifier

3. INTRODUCTION
A sentence is the largest unit of any
language. In English, it begins with a capital
letter and ends with a full stop, a question mark,
or an exclamation mark.
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4. SUBJECT

5. SUBJECT
The subject refers to the part of the
sentence that tells who or what the sentence
is about.
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For example:
Kevin walked down the street.
They went to school.
The black cat is sleeping.
While "Kevin" and "They" are single-word subjects, "The black cat"
is a noun phrase that includes an adjective to provide additional information
about the subject.

6. 3 TYPES OF SUBJECT
A. Simple subject is just one word, without any
modifiers, usually a noun or pronoun.
Examples:
Anna went to the market.
The dog barked at the kid.
The student finished his homework.
Jhon bought a snack.
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7. 3 TYPES OF SUBJECT
B. Complete subject is the simple subject plus
all modifiers.
Examples:
Anna’s letter to her teacher was
heartwarming.
The dirty old dog barked at the kid.
The Grade 7 students finished their homework.
A nursing graduate person applied for work in
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8. 3 TYPES OF SUBJECT
C. Compound subject is made up of more than
one subject element.
Examples:
Anna and Jenna went to the market.
The dog and the cat ate the food on the table.
Her bag and phone were stolen.
His shoes and ankles were covered with mud.
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9. 3 TYPES OF SUBJECT
For example:
Simple subject:
Kat is a thin girl.
Complete subject:
Jessie’s poem about his mother made the class
cry.
Compound subject:
Paolo and Timmy joined the soccer team at the
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10. PREDICATE

11. PREDICATE
The predicate of a sentence includes the
verb and everything that follows it. This typically
tells what the subject does with an action
verb or describes the subject using a linking
verb and a complement.
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For example:
Kevin walked down the street.
In this sentence, "walked" is the action verb that tells the
reader what Kevin is doing, and "down the street" is an adverb
phrase that modifies the verb by describing where she walked.

12. 3 TYPES OF PREDICATE
Simple predicate: Harold cried.
Complete predicate: The mouse slowly ran towards
the food.
Compound predicate: He laughed at the dog's tricks
and decided to adopt him.
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13. OBJECT

14. OBJECT
Objects are noun phrases that are included in
the predicate. They are the things being acted
upon by the verb.
For example:
Susan bought the gift.
It is the thing being acted upon; for
example, the gift is the thing given by Susan.
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15. 2 TYPES OF OBJECT
• Direct object is an object on which the verb is acting
and it answers the question "who?" or "what?".
For example:
Susan bought the gift. (What did Susan buy?)
“gift” is a direct object.
• Indirect object is the recipient of the direct object. In
order to have an indirect object in a sentence, there
must be a direct object.
For example:
Susan gave her mother a gift.
“mother” is an indirect object. “a gift” is the direct
object
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16. DIRECT OBJECT
Examples:
John marked the homework.
(What did John mark? = the homework)
Alice hit Susan.
(Who did Alice hit? = Susan)
He sold his car.
Leila wrote the poem.
Carl cooked the pasta.
Jerry punched Dave.
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17. INDIRECT OBJECT
Examples:
Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + direct
object
John bought his son a present
(For whom did John buy a present? = his son)
The office staff gave Phillip a card
(To whom did the staff give a card? = Phillip)
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18. Sentences with Direct Objects
Steve turned on the TV.
The car hit the pedestrian.
Billy stroked the hamster.
Sheila spoke to her neighbor.
Mike started the argument
Sentences with direct and Indirect Objects
John passed Tim the book.
Anne gave Ian a strange look.
My brother bought me a bike.
The mother read her child a story.
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19. Exercise 1.
Decide Whether The Words In RED Are
Subjects, Direct Objects Or Indirect Objects
1. She sent her friend an email.
2. Sally will help you with your homework.
3. Where did you put the keys?
4. He gave them a bag full of money.
5. Alice wrote a book on the French revolution .
6. I need your help.
7. He offered her a flower.
8. My father bought us a new TV set.
9. John sold me his car.
10.I wish you good luck.
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20. COMPLEMENT

21. COMPLEMENT
In predicates that use linking verbs rather than
action verbs, items following the verb are known
as complements. Complements modify the
subject by describing it further.
For example:
I am a teacher.
The cat was the laziest creature.
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22. 2 TYPES OF COMPLEMENT
1. Subject Complement
A subject complement is a word or phrase that
follows a linking verb and identifies or
describes the subject of a sentence.
Example:
Jenna is a ballet dancer.
Miggy is handsome.
They were mad.
Those students are Grade 7.
Joana was a beauty queen.
I am disappointed.
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23. 2 TYPES OF COMPLEMENT
Common Linking Verbs
The English language is very nuanced, but finding linking verbs
is easier than it looks. You’ll usually see the forms of to be (am,
is, are, were, was, being) as linking verbs, but other verbs can
function in this way as well. Here are a few examples of verbs
that link nouns to their complements.
1. Seem
2. Like
3. Have
4. Look
5. Feel
6. Taste
7. Smell
8. Appear
9. Stay
10. Turn
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24. 2 TYPES OF COMPLEMENT
1. Object Complement
An object complement is a word or phrase that
follows the direct object of a sentence and
adds more information about the object.
Example:
The police caught him stealing.
I called him Fatty.
He couldn’t make me happy.
The king named his daughter his successor.
I proved them wrong.
The society labelled him a murderer.
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25. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
AND OBJECT COMPLEMENT
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26. Exercise 1
The following sentences have Subject Complements in them.
Identify and encircle the Subject Complement.
1. Jacob is a young scholar.
2. The pumpkin pie looks appetizing.
3. The food at the party tasted yummy.
4. Laughter is the best medicine.
5. Maria’s pet dog is a Golden Retriever.
6. The food smells delicious.
7. The lion in the cage looks hungry.
8. I am a doctor.
9. Jean was the Human Resources Department Head.
10.The students were terrified by the incident.
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27. Exercise 2
The following sentences have Object Complements in them.
Underline the Direct Object and encircle the object
complement.
1. Jerry named his pet Oscar.
2. Ethan made Emma angry.
3. We named our daughter Scarlet.
4. The melodious music keeps me relaxed.
5. The principal declared tomorrow a holiday.
6. Jack found his wallet empty.
7. They will soon nominate Dad as vice president.
8. He buried the seed deep.
9. Ray found the novel interesting.
10.He calls his mom a hero.
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28. Exercise 3
Decide Whether Each Sentence has Subject Complement
(SC) or Object Complement (OC), then underline the
complement being used.
1. The child painted the sea blue.
2. Life is a journey filled with surprising miracles.
3. I found the kitten sleeping.
4. Our ancestors were experts in astronomy.
5. Your dress looks elegant.
6. The company appointed him a manager.
7. The popcorn is fresh and crunchy.
8. Caden found the riddle easy.
9. Madison stayed positive after all.
10.Aika feels frustrated.
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29. Let's explore the different kinds of
complements, as well as how to spot them in
a sentence.
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Subject Complements
Subject complements can be
a noun, an adjective, a single word, or a
group of words that act like a noun or
adjective.
Examples:
Teacher Micah is pretty.
Teacher Micah is a singer.

30. Types of Subject
Complements
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Predicate Nominative
Predicate nominatives effectively
"rename" the subject in the sentence, answering
who they are in the form of another noun. You
can also use pronouns as predicate nominatives
when describing more about the subject.
For example:
Every morning is a gift.
I am a writer.
Brenna is a gifted singer.
They were employees there.
The winner of the contest is her.
The person you’re looking for is me.

31. Types of Subject
Complements
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Predicate Adjectives
Predicate adjectives describe or modify
the subject the way an adjective would.
They identify more about the subject
without renaming it. Here are some
examples of predicate adjectives:
Mary looked frustrated.
She seemed nice.
He appears smart.
The bread smells amazing.
Shiloh is talented.
We are all generous.

32. Exercise A
Decide Whether each sentence uses Predicate Nominative
(PN) or Predicate Adjectives (PA)
1. The spectacular granite cliffs looked treacherous.
2. The embassy tour is an annual Washington event.
3. The soup tasted rich and hearty.
4. The rangers were very helpful.
5. The Malacañang Palace tour was the highlight of our visit.
6. Some animals stayed still for photographs.
7. Claveria is a fascinating Municipality for visitors.
8. After a full day’s hike, we were exhausted.
9. Our favorite attraction was Mount Mayon.
10.The flowered meadows smelled fragrant in early March.
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33. Exercise B
Write the predicate adjective from each sentence.
1. The air feels warm.
2. The flowers smell unusually sweet.
3. Horses like that are unusual.
4. Raya looked fearless.
5. When audiences watched, they felt good.
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34. Exercise C
Write the predicate nominative from each sentence.
1. Jill is his best friend.
2. Lassie has been a celebrity for decades.
3. The pet show organizer was Estella.
4. Enrique is a professional artist.
5. Mr. Wu is the teacher of this class.
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35. Exercise B
Decide Whether the word(s) in RED is a Subject (S) or a
Predicate (P)
1. Kevin danced in this year’s folk festival.
2. Terry and Marcia made a gigantic chocolate cake.
3. Liza is coming to visit next weekend.
4. Joshua and Paul offered to help with the project.
5. Kim is asking about the movie we saw last night.
6. Jim felt that our response was too harsh.
7. Ian forgot to bring his book home from school.
8. The rabbits in my back yard got into the garden.
9. The weather this week is supposed to be nice.
10.Those men wearing top hats look silly.
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36. Exercise C
Decide Whether each sentence has Simple, Complete or
Compound Subject.
1. Kevin danced in this year’s folk festival.
2. Terry and Marcia made a gigantic chocolate cake.
3. Liza is coming to visit next weekend.
4. Joshua and Paul offered to help with the project.
5. Kim is asking about the movie we saw last night.
6. Jim felt that our response was too harsh.
7. Ian forgot to bring his book home from school.
8. The rabbits in my back yard got into the garden.
9. The weather this week is supposed to be nice.
10.Those men wearing top hats look silly.
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37. Exercise D
Decide Whether each sentence has Simple, Complete or
Compound Predicate.
1. Joe disappeared.
2. The blooming pear tree delighted the neighborhood.
3. Mark listened to Jan and agreed with her.
4. Jerry and Anthony travel.
5. Crickets chirp.
6. Lily and Emily often sing and dance together.
7. The dog and the cat eat and sleep all day.
8. The boxes and the bags arrived.
9. The rambunctious children yelled and screamed.
10.My hand-me-down dress is falling apart at the seams.
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38. Exercise E
Decide Whether the word in RED is a Direct Object (DO) or
an Indirect Object (IO).
1. My friend hit the ball.
2. My neighbor handed me the flyer.
3. I gave the students a test.
4. We ran to the donut shop.
5. The police officer gave us the report.
6. My sister went to school.
7. The audience gave the performer a standing ovation.
8. The tornado took the roof off our house.
9. The earthquake shook the foundation.
10.The pitcher threw him the ball.
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39. Exercise F
Decide Whether each sentence has Subject Complement
(SC) or Object Complement (OC).
1. Jack found his wallet empty.
2. The food smells delicious.
3. Maria’s pet dog is a Golden Retriever.
4. They will soon nominate Dad as vice president.
5. He buried the seed deep.
6. Ray found the novel interesting.
7. He calls his mom a hero.
8. The food at the party tasted yummy.
9. Laughter is the best medicine.
10.The lion in the cage looks hungry.
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