Weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces called sediments through mechanical and chemical processes. Mechanical weathering is caused by temperature changes, water, plants and animals, and ice wedging. Chemical weathering occurs more slowly as acid and oxygen react with minerals, breaking them down over thousands of years. The sediments and organic material from weathering form soil layers, with the darker top layer containing more nutrients. Soil type depends on climate, parent material such as rock type, and other factors like time and slope.
Weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces called sediments through mechanical and chemical processes. Mechanical weathering is caused by physical forces like plants, animals, ice wedging, and changes in surface area. Chemical weathering occurs through natural acids in water and plant acids that change the mineral composition of rocks over thousands of years. The rate of weathering depends on climate and rock type, with more rapid weathering in wet, tropical climates. Soil forms as weathered rock fragments and organic matter accumulate, and its composition is influenced by climate, vegetation, relief, parent material, and time.
Soil is formed through the weathering of rock and organic materials. It has distinct layers called horizons that vary in composition. The top layer, the A horizon, contains decayed organic matter and provides nutrients for plant growth. The lower B horizon contains materials leached from the A horizon. The lowest C horizon consists of unconsolidated rock materials. Soil type depends on climate, parent material, rock type, time, and slope, resulting in different soil compositions suited for various environments.
The document provides information about Earth's early history and the geological processes used to determine the sequence of events. It discusses how the early Earth had volcanic eruptions that released gases into the atmosphere. Over millions of years, oxygen produced by photosynthesis accumulated in the atmosphere. Scientists use various geological dating methods like examining rock layers, fossils, and radioactive decay to construct a timeline of Earth's history and understand the relative and absolute ages of rocks. The geological time scale divides Earth's history into eons, eras, periods, and epochs.
This document provides information about minerals and how they are identified based on their physical and chemical properties. It discusses that minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with definite compositions and structures. There are over 4,000 known mineral species. Minerals can be identified by testing their hardness, streak, luster, cleavage, crystal formation, specific gravity, and special properties. Hardness is tested using the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, from softest talc to hardest diamond. Together, these tests allow geologists to determine the type of mineral being examined.
Weathering is the breakdown of rocks and minerals at Earth's surface through contact with the atmosphere, water, and biological activity. There are two main types of weathering: mechanical and chemical. Mechanical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces without changing their mineral composition, such as through ice wedging or plant and animal activity. Chemical weathering alters the mineral makeup of rocks through oxidation and chemical reactions with water and acids, like those produced by carbon dioxide, plants, and microbes. Over long periods of time, weathering breaks down mountains and produces soil. The rate of weathering depends on climate, with colder climates favoring mechanical weathering and warmer, wetter climates enhancing chemical weathering.
The document consists of 41 slides or diapositivas that are not further described or explained. It provides a list of slides but no other contextual information about the content or purpose of the slides.
The document is a study guide about cells that outlines the cell theory, how cells were discovered, microscope structures, cell organelles, and exceptions to the cell theory. It covers key topics like the three main facts of the cell theory, early cell observers like Leeuwenhoek and Hooke, organelles and their functions, and exceptions such as viruses. The study guide contains blanks to be filled in.
The document discusses the value of natural capital such as wetlands, forests, and green spaces. It notes that degradation of natural areas can negatively impact property values, increase costs of issues like water treatment, and reduce agricultural production. Conversely, the presence of natural areas is found to increase nearby property values and provide other economic and social benefits. The document provides examples of studies that have quantified such impacts and benefits. It advocates for considering natural capital in decision making and accounting.
Weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces called sediments through mechanical and chemical processes. Mechanical weathering is caused by physical forces like plants, animals, ice wedging, and changes in surface area. Chemical weathering occurs through natural acids in water and plant acids that change the mineral composition of rocks over thousands of years. The rate of weathering depends on climate and rock type, with more rapid weathering in wet, tropical climates. Soil forms as weathered rock fragments and organic matter accumulate, and its composition is influenced by climate, vegetation, relief, parent material, and time.
Soil is formed through the weathering of rock and organic materials. It has distinct layers called horizons that vary in composition. The top layer, the A horizon, contains decayed organic matter and provides nutrients for plant growth. The lower B horizon contains materials leached from the A horizon. The lowest C horizon consists of unconsolidated rock materials. Soil type depends on climate, parent material, rock type, time, and slope, resulting in different soil compositions suited for various environments.
The document provides information about Earth's early history and the geological processes used to determine the sequence of events. It discusses how the early Earth had volcanic eruptions that released gases into the atmosphere. Over millions of years, oxygen produced by photosynthesis accumulated in the atmosphere. Scientists use various geological dating methods like examining rock layers, fossils, and radioactive decay to construct a timeline of Earth's history and understand the relative and absolute ages of rocks. The geological time scale divides Earth's history into eons, eras, periods, and epochs.
This document provides information about minerals and how they are identified based on their physical and chemical properties. It discusses that minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with definite compositions and structures. There are over 4,000 known mineral species. Minerals can be identified by testing their hardness, streak, luster, cleavage, crystal formation, specific gravity, and special properties. Hardness is tested using the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, from softest talc to hardest diamond. Together, these tests allow geologists to determine the type of mineral being examined.
Weathering is the breakdown of rocks and minerals at Earth's surface through contact with the atmosphere, water, and biological activity. There are two main types of weathering: mechanical and chemical. Mechanical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces without changing their mineral composition, such as through ice wedging or plant and animal activity. Chemical weathering alters the mineral makeup of rocks through oxidation and chemical reactions with water and acids, like those produced by carbon dioxide, plants, and microbes. Over long periods of time, weathering breaks down mountains and produces soil. The rate of weathering depends on climate, with colder climates favoring mechanical weathering and warmer, wetter climates enhancing chemical weathering.
The document consists of 41 slides or diapositivas that are not further described or explained. It provides a list of slides but no other contextual information about the content or purpose of the slides.
The document is a study guide about cells that outlines the cell theory, how cells were discovered, microscope structures, cell organelles, and exceptions to the cell theory. It covers key topics like the three main facts of the cell theory, early cell observers like Leeuwenhoek and Hooke, organelles and their functions, and exceptions such as viruses. The study guide contains blanks to be filled in.
The document discusses the value of natural capital such as wetlands, forests, and green spaces. It notes that degradation of natural areas can negatively impact property values, increase costs of issues like water treatment, and reduce agricultural production. Conversely, the presence of natural areas is found to increase nearby property values and provide other economic and social benefits. The document provides examples of studies that have quantified such impacts and benefits. It advocates for considering natural capital in decision making and accounting.
The document introduces the Star Micronics TSP100 ECO printer. It is designed to be an eco-friendly and cost-effective POS printer solution. Key features include using 40% less power than competitors, including a carbon offset program, and tools to reduce paper usage by up to 70% through auto-sizing of receipts and on-demand printing options. The TSP100 ECO is priced similarly to Star's existing TSP143U printer and includes a 4-year limited warranty.
Sequoia designed and built GPRS enabled mini printer. It is amazing what people are using this for. From AIDS prevention in Mozambique to fast food restaurants in Brighton - take a look!
The document discusses Intel's new Compute Stick, a small portable PC that is only 4 inches long. It has an Atom processor, 2GB of RAM, 32GB of storage, Bluetooth and WiFi connectivity, and runs Windows. Though small, it provides full PC capabilities when connected to a display via HDMI. The Compute Stick offers a compact way to access productivity apps and media on the go without needing a full-sized laptop or tablet. It is intended as an affordable secondary PC option for uses like light productivity, media playback, and accessing Windows apps anywhere there is an HDMI port.
Intel IT is extending their OpenStack IaaS with Cloud Foundry PaaS to provide a more dynamic and flexible cloud environment. They selected Cloud Foundry due to its ability to improve application deployment times and support for a wide variety of applications. Intel IT deployed Cloud Foundry on OpenStack using BOSH and is addressing challenges around open source maturity, specialized requirements, and developing more cloud-aware applications. Their future strategy involves a hybrid cloud approach using smart orchestration between private and public clouds.
The document discusses the Intel Compute Stick, which is a small portable computing device that plugs into an HDMI port on a display. It contains a quad-core Intel Atom processor, 2GB of RAM, internal storage of 32GB, microSD card slot, WiFi, Bluetooth, USB port, and runs Windows 8.1 or Linux. The Compute Stick turns any display with HDMI into a fully-functional portable computer and provides the power of a PC in a small form factor.
The Intel Compute Stick is a small computer that plugs into the HDMI port of a display device like a TV or monitor. It is about the size of a large USB stick but contains components like a quad-core processor, 2GB of RAM, wireless connectivity and storage. It runs full versions of Windows or Linux and allows users to transform their display into a fully-functional computer. The Compute Stick is portable and affordable, making it useful for applications like home, office, education and replacing desktop computers.
This document provides an overview of different printer technologies. It discusses the basic principles of laser printers and inkjet printers. Laser printers use static electricity to transfer toner powder to paper to create the printed image, while inkjet printers use thermal bubble or piezoelectric mechanisms to spray ink droplets. The document also describes various printer components like photoreceptors, toner, and fusers, and how they work together in the printing process.
This document defines and discusses various types of computer output devices. It begins by defining an output device as any hardware that communicates the results of data processing to humans. It then lists and describes common types of output including text, graphics, tactile, audio, and video. The document also provides an overview of the computer processing steps involving input, processing, output, and storage. Examples of specific output devices mentioned include speakers, headphones, printers, LCD monitors, and regular computer monitors. It concludes by categorizing output devices into those that produce visual/printed output, audio output, and devices that use control as output.
Output devices include monitors, printers, speakers, headphones, and data projectors. Monitors display visual information and come in CRT and LCD varieties, while printers produce hard copies using technologies like dot matrix, inkjet, and laser printing. Speakers and headphones output audio, with speakers providing sound for multiple listeners and headphones for private listening. Data projectors display computer information on a large screen for groups.
A printer is a hardware device that takes electronic data from a computer and prints it onto paper. There are different types of printers categorized as either impact printers like daisy wheel printers that use a spinning disk to imprint characters, or non-impact printers like inkjet printers that spray ink onto paper and laser printers that use toner. Key qualities of printers are color capability, resolution, speed, and memory. New printing technologies may include inkless printing and 3D printing.
Overview of Fujitsu's newest FTP-63A High Speed/Ticket/Label Printer, FTP-62D New Concept Mechanism Development, Flexible Module Printer (FMP), and Mobile Printer
The document discusses different types of computer printers. It explains that printers are output devices that provide a hard copy of data. It describes impact printers, such as dot matrix and daisy wheel printers, which physically strike an ink ribbon to print, and non-impact printers like inkjet and laser printers which print without touching the paper. It provides details on how various impact and non-impact printers work.
This document provides information on different types of printers. It discusses impact printers such as dot matrix printers which work by physically striking an ink ribbon onto the paper. It also discusses non-impact printers such as inkjet and laser printers which produce images without physically contacting the paper. The document further describes different photo printers, portable printers, and duplex laser printers that can print on both sides of a page.
This document provides an overview of various printer types, including dot matrix printers, inkjet printers, and laser printers. It discusses the key characteristics of each type of printer. Dot matrix printers use a matrix of pins to create dots and are impact printers, while inkjet printers propel liquid ink droplets onto paper and laser printers use a laser beam to project an image onto a rotating drum to print high quality text and images. The document also briefly mentions future printer technologies like 3D printers and inkless printers.
This document discusses different types of printers, including impact printers like dot matrix and daisy wheel printers, and non-impact printers like inkjet, thermal, and laser printers. It provides details on the technology and features of each type of printer, such as dot matrix printers using pins to strike ink ribbons and produce low quality output, while inkjet printers use nozzles to spray ink droplets in high resolution printing. The document also covers multi-function printers, plotters, and the importance of printers for utilizing computer resources.
This document discusses brand management and customer-based brand equity. It defines a brand and explains the challenges of brand management. It introduces the concept of customer-based brand equity and presents a pyramid model with the key dimensions of brand identity, meaning, response, and resonance. It outlines the strategic brand management process and emphasizes the importance of building strong, favorable brand associations in the minds of customers.
The document discusses the rock cycle and resource conservation. It explains that the rock cycle involves three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - transforming into each other over time through melting, weathering and erosion, and changes due to heat and pressure. It also notes that while the amount of rock material remains the same, the rocks are constantly changing forms. The document then discusses the issues of growing population and limited fossil fuel resources. It advocates using alternative and renewable energy sources like solar, hydropower, wind and nuclear to be more sustainable and cause less environmental harm than fossil fuels. The 4Rs of reduce, reuse, recycle and reclaim are also presented as ways to conserve resources and
The document discusses the rock cycle and resource conservation. It explains that the rock cycle involves three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - transforming into each other over time through melting, weathering and erosion, and changes due to heat and pressure. It also notes that while the amount of rock material remains the same, the rocks are constantly changing forms. The document then discusses the issues of growing population and limited fossil fuel resources. It advocates using alternative and renewable energy sources like solar, hydropower, wind and nuclear to be more sustainable and cause less environmental harm than fossil fuels. The 4Rs of reduce, reuse, recycle and reclaim are also presented as ways to conserve resources and
The crust is the solid outer layer of the Earth that is broken into pieces called tectonic plates. These plates are constantly moving due to convection currents in the mantle below. This movement results in crustal deformation over time, as evidenced by bent and displaced rock strata and fossils. Precise measurements of benchmarks also show horizontal and vertical displacement of the Earth's surface over decades and centuries. Most crustal activity like earthquakes and volcanoes occurs along plate boundaries, especially around the Pacific Ocean. During an earthquake, underground movement along a fault at the focus causes the ground to shake at the epicenter.
The crust is the solid outer layer of the Earth that is broken into pieces called tectonic plates. These plates are constantly moving due to convection currents in the mantle below. This movement results in crustal deformation over time, as evidenced by bent and displaced rock strata and fossils. Precise measurements of benchmarks also show horizontal and vertical displacement of the Earth's surface over decades and centuries. Most crustal activity like earthquakes and volcanoes occurs along plate boundaries, usually near oceans. During an earthquake, rock strata experience sudden movement at the focus, while the epicenter is the point on the surface directly above.
1) The document discusses weathering, which is the breaking down of rocks due to conditions on the Earth's surface. It describes mechanical and chemical weathering.
2) Mechanical weathering is the physical breakdown of rocks without changing their chemical composition. It includes ice wedging, plant roots, and animal activity.
3) Chemical weathering changes the chemical makeup of rocks through oxidation and reactions with carbon dioxide, water, and acids from plants and soil. Over time it can dissolve and break down rocks.
The document is about the layers that make up the Earth's interior. It describes the crust, which is divided into continental and oceanic crust. It then discusses the mantle, which makes up most of the Earth's volume and has a boundary with the outer core. The boundary is also called the Gradle-Wiechert discontinuity. Below the mantle is the outer core, which is mostly liquid. Evidence suggests the outer core is made of metallic liquids. Deepest is the inner core, which is solid and becomes denser and hotter with increasing pressure and depth.
The document introduces the Star Micronics TSP100 ECO printer. It is designed to be an eco-friendly and cost-effective POS printer solution. Key features include using 40% less power than competitors, including a carbon offset program, and tools to reduce paper usage by up to 70% through auto-sizing of receipts and on-demand printing options. The TSP100 ECO is priced similarly to Star's existing TSP143U printer and includes a 4-year limited warranty.
Sequoia designed and built GPRS enabled mini printer. It is amazing what people are using this for. From AIDS prevention in Mozambique to fast food restaurants in Brighton - take a look!
The document discusses Intel's new Compute Stick, a small portable PC that is only 4 inches long. It has an Atom processor, 2GB of RAM, 32GB of storage, Bluetooth and WiFi connectivity, and runs Windows. Though small, it provides full PC capabilities when connected to a display via HDMI. The Compute Stick offers a compact way to access productivity apps and media on the go without needing a full-sized laptop or tablet. It is intended as an affordable secondary PC option for uses like light productivity, media playback, and accessing Windows apps anywhere there is an HDMI port.
Intel IT is extending their OpenStack IaaS with Cloud Foundry PaaS to provide a more dynamic and flexible cloud environment. They selected Cloud Foundry due to its ability to improve application deployment times and support for a wide variety of applications. Intel IT deployed Cloud Foundry on OpenStack using BOSH and is addressing challenges around open source maturity, specialized requirements, and developing more cloud-aware applications. Their future strategy involves a hybrid cloud approach using smart orchestration between private and public clouds.
The document discusses the Intel Compute Stick, which is a small portable computing device that plugs into an HDMI port on a display. It contains a quad-core Intel Atom processor, 2GB of RAM, internal storage of 32GB, microSD card slot, WiFi, Bluetooth, USB port, and runs Windows 8.1 or Linux. The Compute Stick turns any display with HDMI into a fully-functional portable computer and provides the power of a PC in a small form factor.
The Intel Compute Stick is a small computer that plugs into the HDMI port of a display device like a TV or monitor. It is about the size of a large USB stick but contains components like a quad-core processor, 2GB of RAM, wireless connectivity and storage. It runs full versions of Windows or Linux and allows users to transform their display into a fully-functional computer. The Compute Stick is portable and affordable, making it useful for applications like home, office, education and replacing desktop computers.
This document provides an overview of different printer technologies. It discusses the basic principles of laser printers and inkjet printers. Laser printers use static electricity to transfer toner powder to paper to create the printed image, while inkjet printers use thermal bubble or piezoelectric mechanisms to spray ink droplets. The document also describes various printer components like photoreceptors, toner, and fusers, and how they work together in the printing process.
This document defines and discusses various types of computer output devices. It begins by defining an output device as any hardware that communicates the results of data processing to humans. It then lists and describes common types of output including text, graphics, tactile, audio, and video. The document also provides an overview of the computer processing steps involving input, processing, output, and storage. Examples of specific output devices mentioned include speakers, headphones, printers, LCD monitors, and regular computer monitors. It concludes by categorizing output devices into those that produce visual/printed output, audio output, and devices that use control as output.
Output devices include monitors, printers, speakers, headphones, and data projectors. Monitors display visual information and come in CRT and LCD varieties, while printers produce hard copies using technologies like dot matrix, inkjet, and laser printing. Speakers and headphones output audio, with speakers providing sound for multiple listeners and headphones for private listening. Data projectors display computer information on a large screen for groups.
A printer is a hardware device that takes electronic data from a computer and prints it onto paper. There are different types of printers categorized as either impact printers like daisy wheel printers that use a spinning disk to imprint characters, or non-impact printers like inkjet printers that spray ink onto paper and laser printers that use toner. Key qualities of printers are color capability, resolution, speed, and memory. New printing technologies may include inkless printing and 3D printing.
Overview of Fujitsu's newest FTP-63A High Speed/Ticket/Label Printer, FTP-62D New Concept Mechanism Development, Flexible Module Printer (FMP), and Mobile Printer
The document discusses different types of computer printers. It explains that printers are output devices that provide a hard copy of data. It describes impact printers, such as dot matrix and daisy wheel printers, which physically strike an ink ribbon to print, and non-impact printers like inkjet and laser printers which print without touching the paper. It provides details on how various impact and non-impact printers work.
This document provides information on different types of printers. It discusses impact printers such as dot matrix printers which work by physically striking an ink ribbon onto the paper. It also discusses non-impact printers such as inkjet and laser printers which produce images without physically contacting the paper. The document further describes different photo printers, portable printers, and duplex laser printers that can print on both sides of a page.
This document provides an overview of various printer types, including dot matrix printers, inkjet printers, and laser printers. It discusses the key characteristics of each type of printer. Dot matrix printers use a matrix of pins to create dots and are impact printers, while inkjet printers propel liquid ink droplets onto paper and laser printers use a laser beam to project an image onto a rotating drum to print high quality text and images. The document also briefly mentions future printer technologies like 3D printers and inkless printers.
This document discusses different types of printers, including impact printers like dot matrix and daisy wheel printers, and non-impact printers like inkjet, thermal, and laser printers. It provides details on the technology and features of each type of printer, such as dot matrix printers using pins to strike ink ribbons and produce low quality output, while inkjet printers use nozzles to spray ink droplets in high resolution printing. The document also covers multi-function printers, plotters, and the importance of printers for utilizing computer resources.
This document discusses brand management and customer-based brand equity. It defines a brand and explains the challenges of brand management. It introduces the concept of customer-based brand equity and presents a pyramid model with the key dimensions of brand identity, meaning, response, and resonance. It outlines the strategic brand management process and emphasizes the importance of building strong, favorable brand associations in the minds of customers.
The document discusses the rock cycle and resource conservation. It explains that the rock cycle involves three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - transforming into each other over time through melting, weathering and erosion, and changes due to heat and pressure. It also notes that while the amount of rock material remains the same, the rocks are constantly changing forms. The document then discusses the issues of growing population and limited fossil fuel resources. It advocates using alternative and renewable energy sources like solar, hydropower, wind and nuclear to be more sustainable and cause less environmental harm than fossil fuels. The 4Rs of reduce, reuse, recycle and reclaim are also presented as ways to conserve resources and
The document discusses the rock cycle and resource conservation. It explains that the rock cycle involves three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - transforming into each other over time through melting, weathering and erosion, and changes due to heat and pressure. It also notes that while the amount of rock material remains the same, the rocks are constantly changing forms. The document then discusses the issues of growing population and limited fossil fuel resources. It advocates using alternative and renewable energy sources like solar, hydropower, wind and nuclear to be more sustainable and cause less environmental harm than fossil fuels. The 4Rs of reduce, reuse, recycle and reclaim are also presented as ways to conserve resources and
The crust is the solid outer layer of the Earth that is broken into pieces called tectonic plates. These plates are constantly moving due to convection currents in the mantle below. This movement results in crustal deformation over time, as evidenced by bent and displaced rock strata and fossils. Precise measurements of benchmarks also show horizontal and vertical displacement of the Earth's surface over decades and centuries. Most crustal activity like earthquakes and volcanoes occurs along plate boundaries, especially around the Pacific Ocean. During an earthquake, underground movement along a fault at the focus causes the ground to shake at the epicenter.
The crust is the solid outer layer of the Earth that is broken into pieces called tectonic plates. These plates are constantly moving due to convection currents in the mantle below. This movement results in crustal deformation over time, as evidenced by bent and displaced rock strata and fossils. Precise measurements of benchmarks also show horizontal and vertical displacement of the Earth's surface over decades and centuries. Most crustal activity like earthquakes and volcanoes occurs along plate boundaries, usually near oceans. During an earthquake, rock strata experience sudden movement at the focus, while the epicenter is the point on the surface directly above.
1) The document discusses weathering, which is the breaking down of rocks due to conditions on the Earth's surface. It describes mechanical and chemical weathering.
2) Mechanical weathering is the physical breakdown of rocks without changing their chemical composition. It includes ice wedging, plant roots, and animal activity.
3) Chemical weathering changes the chemical makeup of rocks through oxidation and reactions with carbon dioxide, water, and acids from plants and soil. Over time it can dissolve and break down rocks.
The document is about the layers that make up the Earth's interior. It describes the crust, which is divided into continental and oceanic crust. It then discusses the mantle, which makes up most of the Earth's volume and has a boundary with the outer core. The boundary is also called the Gradle-Wiechert discontinuity. Below the mantle is the outer core, which is mostly liquid. Evidence suggests the outer core is made of metallic liquids. Deepest is the inner core, which is solid and becomes denser and hotter with increasing pressure and depth.
Genetic research is the fastest growing field, with common areas being mutations and cloning. Cloning is useful in agriculture by producing genetically identical offspring, and animals like Dolly the sheep have been cloned. Genetic engineering transfers genetic material between organisms, creating transgenic organisms with new genes and traits. It has been used to create organisms that produce human growth hormone and insulin. Eventually genetic engineering may be used to enhance humans. Selective breeding and artificial selection are ways to influence organisms through mating and selecting for desirable traits over many generations. Inbreeding is mating closely related individuals, which can increase desirable traits but also increases risks of genetic disorders due to increased homozygosity. Hybridization occurs when two different species mate to create hybrid offspring that may
The document provides an overview of the human digestive system in 6 sections:
1. It reviews digestion as a life process that breaks down food for energy, growth, and repair.
2. It outlines the 4 main parts of digestion - ingestion, mechanical and chemical breakdown, absorption, and excretion.
3. It describes the two types of digestion - mechanical in the mouth and chemical in the stomach and small intestine where enzymes break molecules into smaller units like sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids.
4. It details each organ of the digestive system from mouth to anus and their functions in ingestion, breakdown, and absorption of nutrients and elimination of waste.
5. It discusses accessory organs like the
The document provides information about landscape development and different types of landscapes. It discusses how landscapes are shaped by both uplifting and leveling forces acting on the Earth's surface over long periods of time. Landscapes can be classified as mountains, plateaus, plains, and more. Factors like rock type, climate, and human activity all influence how landscapes develop and change over geological time.
Weathering is the breaking down of rocks and minerals into smaller pieces through exposure to elements like water, oxygen, and living things. Weathering occurs through physical or chemical processes. Physical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical makeup, while chemical weathering alters the chemical composition of rocks. Factors like climate, temperature, and surface area affect the rate of weathering. Erosion is the movement and deposition of weathered rock and sediment from one location to another by forces like water, wind, ice, and gravity. Different erosion agents produce characteristic shapes and textures in the sediments they transport.
The document contains a series of sentences with blanks that need to be filled in with verbs. It describes various people and activities using different tenses of verbs like "to be", "to do", "to go", "to eat", and "to drink".
Weathering is the process by which rocks are broken down. Rocks undergo weathering when exposed to factors like water, temperature changes, plants and animals, and human activity. The products of weathering include sediment of various sizes from boulders to clay particles. Physical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition, while chemical weathering alters the chemical makeup of rocks. Climate and temperature influence the dominant type of weathering, with chemical weathering more common in warm, wet climates.
This document is a note packet for a unit on rocks and minerals provided to students. It covers the three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. For each rock type, it describes their formation processes and provides examples of different rock classifications. Key terms are defined throughout relating to topics like rock textures, cooling rates of magma, and cementation of sediments. Diagrams are referenced to illustrate concepts like rock layers in the Earth's interior and relationships between temperature, pressure, and depth.
The respiratory system consists of the passageways that allow air to flow into and out of the lungs. Air enters through the nose, where hairs and mucus trap pollutants, and passes through the pharynx and larynx into the trachea. The trachea branches into bronchi that lead to clusters of alveoli in the lungs. The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries and are the site of gas exchange, where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out. The blood then transports these gases to and from tissues throughout the body. Breathing is controlled involuntarily by the medulla oblongata in response to carbon dioxide levels.
This document summarizes key concepts about weathering and soil formation:
1. Weathering is the process that breaks down rock into smaller fragments through mechanical and chemical processes. Chemical weathering causes chemical changes through reactions with water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, and acid rain. Mechanical weathering breaks rock into pieces through processes like freezing and thawing.
2. Soil is formed over long periods of time as weathered rock and organic matter accumulate and layer. Factors like climate, vegetation, rock type, slope, and time influence soil formation.
3. Soil conservation techniques help reduce erosion, including contour plowing, terracing, crop rotation, shelter belts, proper grazing, no
This document contains a science review for students covering various topics:
- Types of energy needed by different objects and systems
- Forms of water and the importance of conserving it
- Tools used to measure weather elements like temperature and wind
- Digestion process and healthy/unhealthy habits
It includes fill-in-the-blank, multiple choice, true/false, matching, and short answer questions for students to demonstrate their understanding of these science concepts.
The document discusses principles of relative dating techniques and radioactive dating methods used to interpret geologic history. It explains five basic laws of relative dating including the law of superposition and cross-cutting relationships. Radioactive isotopes are used to provide absolute ages by measuring their decay over time. Examples include carbon-14 for dating recent samples under 50,000 years old, and potassium-argon or uranium-lead dating for older samples over 50,000 years. Geologists use these dating methods along with examining fossils and rock formations to construct the geologic time scale.
The document provides examples and exercises for practicing verbs in the simple past tense. It covers regular verbs like "played" and irregular verbs like "woke." There are examples of putting verbs in the past tense, forming yes/no and information questions, and using time expressions like "yesterday." The exercises include filling in blanks, word scrambles, sentence transformations, and question formation focused on conjugating verbs to the simple past.
The document provides examples and exercises for practicing verbs in the simple past tense. It covers regular verbs like "played" and irregular verbs like "woke." There are fill-in-the-blank sentences using was/were for affirmative and negative forms. Questions are also practiced using forms of "to be" like "Was it cold yesterday?" Additional examples cover using question words, negatives, information questions and time expressions with past tense verbs. The overall document allows learners to strengthen their skills with verbs in the simple past tense through a variety of exercises.
The document is about human locomotion and the body systems that enable it. It discusses the skeletal system, which contains bones that provide structure, anchor muscle action, protect organs, and allow for movement. Cartilage cushions joints and is flexible. The muscular system includes skeletal muscles that appear striated and are used to move bones. Tendons connect muscles to bones, while ligaments connect bones to other bones at joints. Problems that can affect the skeletal system include arthritis, which causes inflammation and pain in joints and usually occurs in older individuals, and tendonitis, which is inflammation of tendons commonly seen in athletes.
The beginnings of human society, global 9th 2014 15nissangoldberg
Archaeologists and anthropologists study prehistoric times through excavating artifacts and observing human cultures. Archaeologists have divided prehistory into the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age based on tools. Early human discoveries include Australopithecus, Homo Habilis, and Lucy. Neanderthals, Cro-Magnons, and cave paintings at Lascaux provide insights into Paleolithic nomadic hunter-gatherer societies. The Neolithic Era introduced agriculture, animal domestication, and settled villages. Early civilizations emerged in river valleys with cities, governments, jobs specialization, social classes, religions, and writing systems.
Weather is affected by temperature, humidity, air pressure, and wind. These factors are interrelated. A change in one can impact the others. Temperature and air pressure have an inverse relationship - higher temperatures mean lower air pressures as the air expands. Higher temperatures also mean higher humidity as warm air holds more water vapor. Relative humidity decreases with increasing temperature. Wind blows from high to low pressure as air moves to equalize differences. Global wind patterns are caused by uneven heating and pressure differences.
The document discusses key concepts about weather including:
1. It defines weather as the short term conditions of the atmosphere including temperature, humidity, air pressure, and wind.
2. Temperature is influenced by solar radiation, with factors like the sun's angle and seasons affecting the amount of radiation. Temperature is measured using thermometers.
3. Air pressure is caused by gas particles exerting force and is measured using barometers like mercury or aneroid barometers. Changes in air pressure can help forecast weather.
4. Humidity refers to the amount of moisture in the air as water vapor. Evaporation and condensation influence humidity levels, which affect cloud formation and precipitation. Humidity is measured
The document summarizes the history of Earth based on geological evidence. Scientists have determined that early Earth had a different atmosphere composed of gases from volcanic eruptions. Over millions of years, these gases and precipitation formed oceans. Green plants then produced oxygen through photosynthesis, changing the atmosphere. Scientists use various geological features like rock layers, fossils, and radioactive dating to determine the sequence of events in Earth's history and develop a geological timescale.
The document summarizes the key aspects of the human nervous system. It describes how the nervous system and endocrine system both play a role in homeostasis through secreting chemical messages, though the nervous system is much faster. It defines the main cell type, neurons, and describes the three types - sensory, inter, and motor neurons. It also outlines the main components of the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system. Finally, it briefly discusses some common malfunctions of the nervous system like cerebral palsy, meningitis, stroke, and polio.
The document summarizes the key structures and functions of the respiratory system. It discusses how air passes through the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles to reach the alveoli in the lungs. The alveoli are where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the air and blood through diffusion. Oxygen is then transported to cells by blood for cellular respiration to produce energy, while carbon dioxide is carried back to the lungs to be exhaled. Breathing is controlled by the diaphragm and rib muscles to inhale and exhale air, regulated by the medulla oblongata in response to carbon dioxide levels.
The document summarizes the male and female reproductive systems in humans. It discusses the key parts of each system including how sperm and eggs are produced. It also describes fertilization, prenatal development through each stage of pregnancy, and birth. The roles of hormones like estrogen and testosterone are explained. Factors that can impact prenatal development like nutrition, drugs, and infections are also covered at a high level.
Scientists organize living things into categories based on their similar structures. All organisms are made of cells, with simple ones like amoebas having just one cell while complex organisms have many cells grouped into tissues and organs. Tissues are groups of cells that work together for a common purpose, like muscle tissue, and multiple tissues form organs like the heart and liver, with organs systems composed of different organs working together in the human body.
The document provides information about the human nervous system and its regulation of homeostasis. It discusses the similarities and differences between the nervous system and endocrine system. The nervous system uses electrical signals transmitted along neurons, while the endocrine system uses chemical messengers. Both play major roles in homeostasis.
The nervous system has three types of neurons - sensory neurons which receive stimuli near sensory organs, interneurons which transmit signals between sensory and motor neurons, and motor neurons which activate effectors like muscles. Nerves are bundles of neurons that can be motor, sensory, or mixed. Individual neurons have dendrites, an axon, and a cell body. Signals move in one direction via depolarization along the axon.
The
1. Gregor Mendel is known as the father of genetics. He conducted early experiments breeding pea plants to study heredity and inheritance of traits.
2. Mendel's experiments showed that traits are passed from parents to offspring through discrete units of inheritance called factors, now known as genes. His work established basic principles of inheritance including dominance, segregation, and independent assortment.
3. Mendel's experiments were crucial in developing our modern understanding of genetics and heredity. His work laid the foundation for genetics as a science.
Human locomotion involves the movement of bones, cartilage, muscles, tendons, and ligaments to allow humans to move from place to place. The skeletal system contains bones of different shapes and sizes that provide support, protection, and leverage for movement. Cartilage gives joints flexibility and cushioning, and is found at the ends of ribs, nose, ears, and other areas. The muscular system contains three types of muscles - visceral, cardiac, and skeletal - which work with tendons and ligaments to control bone movement and provide structural support at joints. Common problems affecting the locomotive system include arthritis and tendonitis.
The document discusses DNA and genetics. It explains that DNA is the genetic material found in cell nuclei that contains the coded instructions passed down from parents to offspring. DNA has a double helix structure with nucleotides as its building blocks. Genes located on chromosomes inside the nucleus control cellular activity and traits by regulating enzyme production. DNA replication and sexual reproduction allow for transmission of genetic information between generations.
Genetic research focuses on cloning and genetic engineering. Cloning involves creating genetically identical offspring from a single organism's cells, which has been done with plants and animals like Dolly the sheep. Genetic engineering transfers genetic material between organisms to create recombinant DNA and introduce new genes, which has been used to develop therapies for disorders like growth hormone deficiency and diabetes. Selective breeding techniques like inbreeding and hybridization are also used to improve plant and animal varieties.
DNA contains the genetic code that is passed from parents to offspring. It is a double-stranded molecule shaped like a twisted ladder, with nitrogenous base pairs forming the rungs. The four bases are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. DNA provides instructions for building proteins and is found within the nuclei of cells. Genes, located on chromosomes inside DNA, determine inherited traits and can be influenced by the environment or mutated.
This document contains a homework assignment on genetic material for a Living Environment class. It asks the student to define terms related to genetics like asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction, DNA, nucleotides, and double helix. It also asks the student to identify the poles of the DNA ladder model, nucleotide base pairing groups, fill in a diagram of DNA structure, define gene mutations, and answer whether the environment can change an organism's phenotype.
This document contains a homework assignment on genetic material for a Living Environment class. It asks the student to define terms related to genetics like asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction, DNA, nucleotides, and double helix. It also asks the student to identify the poles of the DNA ladder model, nucleotide base pairing groups, fill in a diagram of DNA structure, define gene mutations, and answer whether the environment can change an organism's phenotype.
The document summarizes the human digestive system in three parts. It describes the four main parts of digestion as ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination. It then explains the two types of digestion - mechanical and chemical digestion. Finally, it provides an overview of the major organs that make up the digestive system, including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder and pancreas and their functions in digesting food.
The document summarizes key aspects of cell theory and cell structure. It discusses (1) the main statements of cell theory, including that cells are the basic unit of structure and function and come from preexisting cells, (2) how scientists like Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, and Brown discovered cells using early microscopes, and (3) the main organelles of the cell like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and their basic functions.
The rock cycle shows how the three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - are interrelated and constantly changing into one another through geological processes. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments, and metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks undergoing changes due to heat and pressure in Earth's crust. Rocks can be transformed into any other type of rock depending on the conditions they experience.
The Earth is composed of four main zones: a thin crust, a thick mantle making up most of the Earth's volume, a liquid outer core, and a solid inner core. The crust is thinner under the oceans than under land, and is composed of mafic basalt under the oceans and felsic granite under the continents. The boundary between the crust and mantle is called the Mohorovicic Discontinuity. The liquid outer core is below the mantle and evidence shows it is composed of liquid metals, while the inner core is the hottest and solid part of the planet.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
Things to Consider When Choosing a Website Developer for your Website | FODUUFODUU
Choosing the right website developer is crucial for your business. This article covers essential factors to consider, including experience, portfolio, technical skills, communication, pricing, reputation & reviews, cost and budget considerations and post-launch support. Make an informed decision to ensure your website meets your business goals.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Weathering
1. Earth Science Weathering and Soil
Rabbi Goldberg Unit 10
Weathering
I. Introduction
a. Weathering - __________________________________________
b. Weathering breaks ______________________________________
_____________________________________________________
c. These loose pieces are called __________________.
i. ____________________
ii. ____________________
iii. ____________________
1. ___________________________________________
d. Weathering has caused
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
e. Weathering also produces ( makes)
_____________________________________________________
f. There are two different types of weathering
i. ___________________
ii. ___________________
II. Mechanical Weathering
a. Mechanical weathering ___________________________________
_____________________________________________________
b. This means that the general ______________________________
_____________________________________________________
i. Each fragment has ________________________________
ii. There are three main processes of mechanical weathering
each in its own way ______________________________.
1
2. Earth Science Weathering and Soil
Rabbi Goldberg Unit 10
c. Plants and animals
i. Plants –
1. Water and nutrients _________________________
2. This helps _________________________________
3. As the roots grow ___________________________
_________________________________________
ii. Animals –
1. _________________________________________
__________________________________________
2. As these animals ____________________________
__________________________________________
3. Once the sediments are pushed _______________
__________________________________________
d. Ice wedges
i. Ice wedging occurs ________________________________
________________________________________________
ii. Since water ______________________________________
________________________________________________
iii. This pressure _____________________________________
________________________________________________
iv. The Ice then melts _________________________________
________________________________________________
v. Ice wedging is more noticeable in the mountains where
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
1. This process causes _________________________
2. This process also effects ______________________
__________________________________________
a. This causes ___________________________
2
3. Earth Science Weathering and Soil
Rabbi Goldberg Unit 10
e. Surface Area
i. Mechanical weathering by ___________________________
breaks _________________________________________.
ii. These pieces cover more ___________________________
iii. This allows chemical weathering to ___________________
III. Chemical Weathering
a. Chemical Weathering occurs ______________________________
_____________________________________________________
b. This type of weathering changes __________________________
_____________________________________________________
c. Natural Acid
i. Naturally formed _________________________________
_______________________________________________
ii. When water reacts with _____________________________
________________________________________________
iii. This carbonic acid _________________________________
________________________________________________
iv. Over thousands of years so much limestone has been
weathered that __________________________________
v. Chemical weathering also occurs when _______________
_______________________________________________
vi. Over a long period of time ___________________________
________________________________________________
1. Clay is _____________________________________
3
4. Earth Science Weathering and Soil
Rabbi Goldberg Unit 10
d. Plant Acids
i. Some roots and ___________________________________
that also _________________________________________
ii. When these minerals _______________________________
________________________________________________
iii. Eventually the rocks will ____________________________
________________________________________________
iv. As the rock weathers _______________________________
e. Oxygen
i. Causes chemical weathering.
ii. rust is caused by ______________________
iii. Oxidation occurs when ____________________
___________________________________________
1. For example when iron is _________________
_____________________________________
2. Another common example ___________________
________________________________________
iv. Oxidation of minerals _____________________________
IV. Effects of weathering
a. Climate is ________________________________________
_________________________________________________
b. Climate effects ____________________________________
i. Mechanical weathering is faster in places ___________
_____________________________________________
4
5. Earth Science Weathering and Soil
Rabbi Goldberg Unit 10
ii. Chemical Weathering is more rapid in ________________
_______________________________________________
iii. So a place like the rain forest _______________________
V. Effects of rock Type
a. Rock Type also ________________________________________
b. In wet climates ___________________ _____________________
5
6. Earth Science Weathering and Soil
Rabbi Goldberg Unit 10
Soil
I. The nature of soil
a. Formation of Soil
i. As we stated above weathering
___________________________
______________________________________________
ii. These fragments
form___________________________________
________________________________________________
iii. However, they don’t
_____________________________________
iv. Plants and animals add organic _____________________
______________________________________________
v. Soil is
_______________________________________________
________________________________________________
vi. What effects the form of soil
1. _________________________________
2. _________________________________
3. _________________________________
4. _________________________________
a. Different soil form in ___________
____________________________
b. Soils that develop in _____________
_____________________________
b. Composition of soil
i. Soil as we just learned is made of __________________
_____________________________________________
ii. Most of these fragments are _______________________
6
7. Earth Science Weathering and Soil
Rabbi Goldberg Unit 10
iii. However, some ________________________________
iv. Most organic __________________________________
_____________________________________________
1. ___________________
2. ___________________
3. ___________________
v. Animals and ____________________________________
vi. After plants and animals get into the soil ________________
________________________________________________
vii. The dark colored , decayed organic matter is called _______
viii. This humus provides _______________________________
ix. As _____________________________________________
________________________________________________
x. Good Quality _____________________________________
xi. Soil had many ____________________________________
1. during a drought ________________________
2. When there is water ______________________
c. Soil Profile
i. If you ever dug a deep hole in the soil you have seen
_______________________________________________
1. You probably also observed that ________________
__________________________________________
2. the top layer is also _________________________
ii. These different layers are called ____________________
iii. All the Horizons_____________________________
1. Most soils have __________________________
a. _______________________
b. ______________________
c. _______________________
iv. A horizon
1. This is the ________________________________
7
8. Earth Science Weathering and Soil
Rabbi Goldberg Unit 10
2. In a forest the ______________________________
a. Litter
-_________________________________
b. The litter helps ________________________
_____________________________________
3. The A horizons also known as ________________
a. It is usually __________________ &
_____________________________________
i. The darkness is formed by the
_________________________
v. B Horizon
1. the b Horizon ______________________________
2. Due to the fact _____________________________
_________________________________________
3. The B horizon contains material from the A horizon by
a process called ______________________.
a. Leaching is ____________________________
_____________________________________
i. Here water seeps thru the
_____________
ii. Water then reacts with the humus
________________________________
________________________________
_______________________________.
vi. The C Horizon
1. This consists of _________________________
_________________________________________
2. It is usually the ______________________________
3. It doesn’t ___________________________________
8
9. Earth Science Weathering and Soil
Rabbi Goldberg Unit 10
4. It is usually made of ________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
a. If you would dig down to the bottom of the C
horizon you will find _____________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
d. Glacier deposits
i. During the Ice age ________________________________
________________________________________________
ii. When the glacier melted it left ________________________
________________________________________________
1. This material covers ________________________
iii. The soil that developed from this is
________________________________________________
iv. However, if you would dig __________________________
________________________________________________
II. Soil Types
a. The soil here in New York ________________________________
i. Some are _________________________________
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
ii. Soil types reflect climate
1. desert soil
a. ________________________
b. ______________________________
c. _______________________________
2. Forest soil
a. ____________________________
b. ____________________________
9
10. Earth Science Weathering and Soil
Rabbi Goldberg Unit 10
c. ____________________________
iii. Other factors
1. The parent material ______________________
______________________________________
a. Clay soil often ___________________
_______________________________
2. Rock Types also ________________________
______________________________________
3. Time affects ____________________________
4. Slope ____________________________________
___________________________________________
__________________________________________.
10