Genetic research focuses on cloning and genetic engineering. Cloning involves creating genetically identical offspring from a single organism's cells, which has been done with plants and animals like Dolly the sheep. Genetic engineering transfers genetic material between organisms to create recombinant DNA and introduce new genes, which has been used to develop therapies for disorders like growth hormone deficiency and diabetes. Selective breeding techniques like inbreeding and hybridization are also used to improve plant and animal varieties.

1. Genetic Applications By Rabbi G.

2. Vocabulary ____________- any change in the base sequence of an organism DNA ____________- Process of making a group of genetically identical offspring from the cells of an organism _____________- transfer of gentic information from one organism to another

3. Genetic research Is the fastest growing fields in science Two very common areas if genetic research are Cloning Genetic Engineering

4. Cloning Process of making a group of genetically identical offspring from the cells of an original organism This is great in agriculture Plants with great qualities can be produced over and over gain from one plant

5. Cloning II We have cloned animals also (very early stages of research) Dolly tehsheep was the first succeful adult animal clone They clone from the fetal ( baby in womb) cells

6. Genetic Engineering Genetic information being passed from one organism to another This forms recombinant DNA ( re combine) New genes can be transferred to the organism through this process

7. Genetic Engineering II It has been very successful in taking humans genes and transferring them into certain bacteria They then let the bacteria grow and then treat certain disorders such as HGH – helps with height Insulin – Diabetes etc.. Eventually, they hope to cure many more disabilities through this process

8. Selective Breeding There are ways that scientist can improve, produce, and maintain new varieties of animals and plants AKA Artificial selection Inbreeding Hybridization Vegetative propagation

9. Inbreeding Is mating ( getting together) two closely related individuals This method is used to make sure that the off spring are homozygous ( have the same genotypes) for most traits The drawback to interbreeding is the fact the organisms are so closely related some rare recessive traits to come out. Therefore people who interbreed do not continue with organisms that have shown these recessive traits.

10. Hybridization As we stated before selective breeding of plants is very common to get eth best plants and cops possible. Farmers would take two similar crops ( one with great fruit and other with other great) traits and put them together The plant or fruit would have a greater market value When two closely related species are crossed the off spring are called hybrids