Wearable sensor based fall detection system
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This document summarizes a student project to design a fall detection alarm system. It includes an introduction describing the need for such a system to help elderly and blind individuals. It then outlines the main components of the system - a fall detection unit using an accelerometer to detect falls, a control unit to analyze sensor data and determine if a fall occurred, and an output unit that will activate an alarm and send an alert message to notify others. Block diagrams and descriptions of the system functions and specifications are provided. The goal is to create an inexpensive wearable device that can automatically detect if the user falls and summon help.
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F010222529
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Development of automatic healthcare instruction system via movement gesture s...
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This lays foundation of scoping research project what are the
Before embarking on a research project, especially one aimed at scoping and defining parameters like the one described for health tech IT, several crucial considerations should be addressed. Here’s a comprehensive guide covering key aspects to ensure a well-structured and successful research initiative:
1. Define Research Objectives and Scope
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Scope Definition: Clearly outline the boundaries of the research in terms of geographical focus, target demographics (e.g., age, socio-economic status), and industry sectors (e.g., healthcare IT).
3. Review Existing Literature and Resources
Literature Review: Conduct a thorough review of existing research, market reports, and relevant literature to build foundational knowledge.
Gap Analysis: Identify gaps in existing knowledge or areas where further exploration is needed.
4. Select Research Methodology and Tools
Methodological Approach: Choose appropriate research methods such as surveys, interviews, focus groups, or data analytics.
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Ethical Approval: Ensure compliance with ethical guidelines for research involving human subjects.
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CONTENTS
●Conduction System of the Heart
●What is ECG or EKG?
●ECG Leads
●Normal waves of ECG.
●Dimensions of ECG.
● Abnormalities of ECG
CONDUCTION SYSTEM OF THE HEART
ECG:
●ECG is a graphic record of the electrical activity of the heart.
●Electrical activity precedes the mechanical activity of the heart.
●Electrical activity has two phases:
Depolarization- contraction of muscle
Repolarization- relaxation of muscle
ECG Leads:
●6 Chest leads
●6 Limb leads
1. Bipolar Limb Leads:
Lead 1- Between right arm(-ve) and left arm(+ve)
Lead 2- Between right arm(-ve) and left leg(+ve)
Lead 3- Between left arm(-ve)
and left leg(+ve)
2. Augmented unipolar Limb Leads:
AvR- Right arm
AvL- Left arm
AvF- Left leg
3.Chest Leads:
V1 : Over 4th intercostal
space near right sternal margin
V2: Over 4th intercostal space near left sternal margin
V3:In between V2 and V4
V4:Over left 5th intercostal space on the mid
clavicular line
V5:Over left 5th intercostal space on the anterior
axillary line
V6:Over left 5th intercostal space on the mid
axillary line.
Normal ECG:
Waves of ECG:
P Wave
•P Wave is a positive wave and the first wave in ECG.
•It is also called as atrial complex.
Cause: Atrial depolarisation
Duration: 0.1 sec
QRS Complex:
•QRS’ complex is also called the initial ventricular complex.
•‘Q’ wave is a small negative wave. It is continued as the tall ‘R’ wave, which is a positive wave.
‘R’ wave is followed by a small negative wave, the ‘S’ wave.
Cause:Ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
Duration: 0.08- 0.10 sec
T Wave:
•‘T’ wave is the final ventricular complex and is a positive wave.
Cause:Ventricular repolarization Duration: 0.2 sec
Intervals and Segments of ECG:
P-R Interval:
•‘P-R’ interval is the interval
between the onset of ‘P’wave and onset of ‘Q’ wave.
•‘P-R’ interval cause atrial depolarization and conduction of impulses through AV node.
Duration:0.18 (0.12 to 0.2) sec
Q-T Interval:
•‘Q-T’ interval is the interval between the onset of ‘Q’
wave and the end of ‘T’ wave.
•‘Q-T’ interval indicates the ventricular depolarization
and ventricular repolarization,
i.e. it signifies the
electrical activity in ventricles.
Duration:0.4-0.42sec
S-T Segment:
•‘S-T’ segment is the time interval between the end of ‘S’ wave and the onset of ‘T’ wave.
Duration: 0.08 sec
R-R Interval:
•‘R-R’ interval is the time interval between two consecutive ‘R’ waves.
•It signifies the duration of one cardiac cycle.
Duration: 0.8 sec
Dimension of ECG:
How to find heart rhytm of the heart?
Regular rhytm:
Irregular rhytm:
More than or less than 4
How to find heart rate using ECG?
If heart Rhytm is Regular :
Heart rate =
300/No.of large b/w 2 QRS complex
= 300/4
=75 beats/mins
How to find heart rate using ECG?
If heart Rhytm is irregular:
Heart rate = 10×No.of QRS complex in 6 sec 5large box = 1sec
5×6=30
10×7 = 70 Beats/min
Abnormalities of ECG:
Cardiac Arrythmias:
1.Tachycardia
Heart Rate more than 100 beats/min
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Wearable sensor based fall detection system
- 1. A REPORT ON INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING Design Fall detection alarm system 1st Semester ECE ‘A’ Group 5 ITER, SOA University Bhubaneswar, Odisha , India
- 3. OUTLINES :- 1. Introduction 2. Motivation 3. Function tree by FAST method 4. Block Diagram 5. Working 6. Advantages 7. Conclusion 8. References
- 4. Introduction The project work presents the design of a very new concept about automatic fall detector , which is very helpful for blind or old people . Simply it is a wearable device that alerts others if user falls suddenly . It is a very useful product which we can prepare with low cost. If user falls suddenly then the sensor will automatically alarms and informs others to bring help. It can also bring the immediate help by pressing Emergency button. It will decrease the no. of injury deaths among elders. It will be very useful for them.
- 5. Fall Death Rates Graph
- 7. (Our device will work like this)
- 8. Power Supply Unit Fall Detection Sensitivity Compatibility Detection Unit Fall Output Unit Control Unit Fall Detection Ring the alarm & Send message to mobile Emergency button pressed Detect the fall of height more than 2 feet Transmit and receipt the signal when user press the button Function tree by FAST method
- 10. Function tree by subtract and operate procedure: Fall Detector Fall sensing Emergency Button Output unit Control unit Detect the fall of height of more than 2 feet Transmit and receive the signal when user press button Multiple accelerometer and processor Ring the alarm & send the message to mobile
- 12. Engineering Specification: 1.Battery Duracell, 3.7v, 1200mA Polymer lithium Battery 2.Alarm Sensor Electronic device
- 14. 5.Microcontroller ATMEL, Model No-0539J, 16PU - ATMega16, 40-Pin, 16MHz, 16kb, 8- bit Microcontroller 6.Buzzer
- 15. 7.555 timer Integrated circuit 8.SIM908 GSM SIM908
- 16. Picture Discription: (fig-1-An old person without a fall detector device) (Fig-2-How the device work)
- 17. How the effect it is:
- 20. REFERENCES :- www.scienceproject.com www.electroengineering.com www.hindawy.com Kevin N. Otto and Kristin L. Wood, “Product Design”