Analysis of Wal-Mart using some Strategic Management tools:
*** Value Chain
*** Strategic Position And Action Evaluation (SPACE)
*** Resource & Capabilities analysis
***
Introduction to Wal-Mart
An American public corporation that runs a chain of large discount department stores & warehouse stores.
World's largest public corporation by revenue.
Largest private employer in the world.
Fourth largest utility or commercial employer.
Largest grocery retailer in the United States.
Largest toy seller in the United States.
World’s biggest retailer.
Broad analisis of the biggest company in the world. It includes WalMart history, internal and external analysis and a focus on WalMart's internationalization with some suggestions for the future.
The case study was given to us by our Professor in Business Policy and Strategy where we were to analyze Patagonia's achievements and successes as well as their downfalls, and give them new ways to expand their business. We took a look at they're corporate strategies, finances, and sales, and then provided feedback with data for where they should ultimately take their company which was described in the case analysis that was given to us.
Introduction to Wal-Mart
An American public corporation that runs a chain of large discount department stores & warehouse stores.
World's largest public corporation by revenue.
Largest private employer in the world.
Fourth largest utility or commercial employer.
Largest grocery retailer in the United States.
Largest toy seller in the United States.
World’s biggest retailer.
Broad analisis of the biggest company in the world. It includes WalMart history, internal and external analysis and a focus on WalMart's internationalization with some suggestions for the future.
The case study was given to us by our Professor in Business Policy and Strategy where we were to analyze Patagonia's achievements and successes as well as their downfalls, and give them new ways to expand their business. We took a look at they're corporate strategies, finances, and sales, and then provided feedback with data for where they should ultimately take their company which was described in the case analysis that was given to us.
Challenges
Inaccurate forecasts of retailer demand has become a major issue at Obermeyer. The two major factors that made this task more difficult was the increase in product variety and intense competition in market. Second challenge the company had faced was to allocate production between Hong Kong and China. Although Obermeyer had 1/3 of Parka production in China for 1992, this year the organization insisted on increasing the sales to half. There was difference in quality and labor rate at China and Hong Kong which made allocation decision more difficult.
Another challenge the company faced was the larger lead time. The company had supplies of raw materials from various countries which resulted in delayed production time. Organization challenges along with competition from competitor companies were major challenges the company had faced.
Analysis
From the sales predictions that the six managers forecasted, a coefficient of variation (COV) was determined, which indicated the level of spread of the forecasted data. The COV values were broadly divided into two levels, the low risk group and the high risk group. Every value below 0.2 were considered to be among the lower risk items and all the items above COV value of 0.2 were considered to be of higher risks. Once the risk levels of each item were determined, the quantities of items to be produced in first and second production cycles could be calculated with least risk. 70% of the entire sales forecast for the lower risk items were ordered to be produced. Only 30% of higher risk items were ordered to be produced in the first production cycle. The quantities which amounted to 1200 were manufactured in China and that which were close to 600, were manufactured in Hong Kong in the first production cycle.
Once the 80% of the orders were received from the retailers from the Vegas show, a clear picture of the demand forecast could be obtained, according to which the rest of the items could be manufactured either in China or Hong Kong. Referring to exhibit 1, the four products to be produced in China in the first production cycle are: Assault, Seduced, Entice and Electra. These four products have COV less than 0.2. However Gail, Daphne, ISIS, Anita, Teri, Stephanie are produced in Hong Kong for the first production cycle as they have a high level of risk associated with it.
Conclusion
Short term operational changes
o Decrease lead time by obtaining raw materials from geographically closer locations to ensure timely delivery
Long term operational changes
o Cross scaling Chinese labors which would help the company produce quality and reliable goods at a cheaper price
A group case study project as part of the Marketing Management Post-Graduate course work exploring the acquisition of Snapple by Quaker and then Triarc.
L’Oreal’s methods have brought it profitable results so far, we believe a shift in focus of the segmentation to age and gender can be considered to prolong its success. Although L’Oreal has always practiced differentiated marketing strategy to target several market segments, we think there is a segmentwhich has been largely neglected: If tapped, L’Oreal could see massive profits and success in India. In thiscase we believe L’Oreal should target the Men.
Challenges
Inaccurate forecasts of retailer demand has become a major issue at Obermeyer. The two major factors that made this task more difficult was the increase in product variety and intense competition in market. Second challenge the company had faced was to allocate production between Hong Kong and China. Although Obermeyer had 1/3 of Parka production in China for 1992, this year the organization insisted on increasing the sales to half. There was difference in quality and labor rate at China and Hong Kong which made allocation decision more difficult.
Another challenge the company faced was the larger lead time. The company had supplies of raw materials from various countries which resulted in delayed production time. Organization challenges along with competition from competitor companies were major challenges the company had faced.
Analysis
From the sales predictions that the six managers forecasted, a coefficient of variation (COV) was determined, which indicated the level of spread of the forecasted data. The COV values were broadly divided into two levels, the low risk group and the high risk group. Every value below 0.2 were considered to be among the lower risk items and all the items above COV value of 0.2 were considered to be of higher risks. Once the risk levels of each item were determined, the quantities of items to be produced in first and second production cycles could be calculated with least risk. 70% of the entire sales forecast for the lower risk items were ordered to be produced. Only 30% of higher risk items were ordered to be produced in the first production cycle. The quantities which amounted to 1200 were manufactured in China and that which were close to 600, were manufactured in Hong Kong in the first production cycle.
Once the 80% of the orders were received from the retailers from the Vegas show, a clear picture of the demand forecast could be obtained, according to which the rest of the items could be manufactured either in China or Hong Kong. Referring to exhibit 1, the four products to be produced in China in the first production cycle are: Assault, Seduced, Entice and Electra. These four products have COV less than 0.2. However Gail, Daphne, ISIS, Anita, Teri, Stephanie are produced in Hong Kong for the first production cycle as they have a high level of risk associated with it.
Conclusion
Short term operational changes
o Decrease lead time by obtaining raw materials from geographically closer locations to ensure timely delivery
Long term operational changes
o Cross scaling Chinese labors which would help the company produce quality and reliable goods at a cheaper price
A group case study project as part of the Marketing Management Post-Graduate course work exploring the acquisition of Snapple by Quaker and then Triarc.
L’Oreal’s methods have brought it profitable results so far, we believe a shift in focus of the segmentation to age and gender can be considered to prolong its success. Although L’Oreal has always practiced differentiated marketing strategy to target several market segments, we think there is a segmentwhich has been largely neglected: If tapped, L’Oreal could see massive profits and success in India. In thiscase we believe L’Oreal should target the Men.
This PowerPoint examines the corporate structure of Target in a strategic manor. See how it compares to its competitors and why it is one of the leading retailers in today's society.
BUS 890: Culminating Experience in Strategic Management, FALL 2010
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This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Call Centers in US$ Million. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Rest of World. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2007 through 2015. A seven-year historic analysis is also provided for these markets. The report profiles 212 companies including many key and niche players such as 24/7Customer, Acumen Telecomunicaciones, Alliance Data Systems, Inc., APAC Customer Services, Inc., ATOS Origin, S.A., Avaya, Inc., British Telecom Northern Ireland, Convergys Corp, Datamatics Global Services Limited., Entel Call Center, EXL Service Holdings, Inc., Genpact, GTL Ltd., HCL BPO Services NI Ltd., IBM Daksh Business Process Services Pvt. Ltd., Inkfish Call Centers Limited, Merchants Limited, Plusoft Informatica, Quality Plus Callscan Australia Pty Ltd., Sitel, Stream International, Inc., Sykes Enterprises, Inc., Teleperformance SA, Touchbase, TRG Customer Solutions, Ventura Pvt Ltd., West Corporation, and Wipro Technologies Ltd. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are mostly extracted from URL research and reported select online sources.
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More Info:- https://www.imarcgroup.com/load-balancer-market
I'd appreciate if you leave a comment on the slideshow. You are free to use to use the information as long as you mention the source although I would not be able to share the originals with you since it is not under my ownership alone.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
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Amendment of MOA:
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As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
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Wal-Mart Analysis (Strategic Management)
1. STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT:
WALMART CASE
Authors:
G. Gimondo
N. McConville
A. O’Dell
S. Smith
O. Vadillo
M. van de Rijt
2. Table of Contents
• Introduction
• Industry and Firm Analysis
• Competitive Advantages and Sustainability
• Recommendations
3. Walmart
• World’s largest company
• Discount store and Superstore model
• Net income of $8 billion and sales of $245
billion in 2003
• Shareholder’s expect growth
– Domestic
– International
4. INDUSTRY AND FIRM ANALYSIS
To what extent is WM’s performance attributable to industry attractiveness
and to what extent to competitive advantage?
5. Sources of Superior Profitability
INDUSTRY
ATTRACTIVENESS
Which CORPORATE
RATE OF PROFIT businesses STRATEGY
ABOVE THE should we be
COMPETITIVE LEVEL in?
How do we
make money? BUSINESS
COMPETITIVE STRATEGY
ADVANTAGE
How should we
compete?
5
6. Factors Which Underpin Industry
Attractiveness
• Strong barriers from new entrants 3
• High differentiation 2
• Growth rate and growth potential 3
• low price sensitivity 1
• High value added 2
• High level of resource utilisation 3
• Attractive level of profitability now and in the future 3
Overall score : 2.4/6
-1975 Ban on resale price maintenance (big retailers favored)
-Different sizes and concepts
7. Profitability of global industries
Utilities
Utilities 6.2
Telecom Services 6.5
Transportation
Transportation
Energy
6.9
2003 figures:
7.7
Materials
Materials 8.4
Retailing
Overall Average
9 Retailing = 9 = Overall Average
Overall Average
Consumer durables and apparel 9
Food retailing 9.5
Food retailing
Automobiles and components 9.6
Wal-Mart = world’s largest
Capital goods 9.9 company
Hotels, restaurants, leisure
Capital goods 9.9
Technology hardware and equipment
10.3
Food , beverages, tobacco
Technology hardware and equipment 10.3
WM performance not really
Healthcare equipment and services
11
Semiconductors
Healthcare equipment and services
Commercial services 11.3
attributable to industry
Media 11.9
ComputerCommercial services
software and services 12.8
attractiveness
Household and personal products 14.7
Pharmaceuticals
Computer software and services 15
15.2
Pharmaceuticals 18.4
0 5 10 15 20
Average ROIC 1963-2003 (%)
7
8. Factor Which Underpin The Judgment
on Competitive Advantage
• Market share -1
• Quality of product/service offer -3
• Customer loyalty -2
• Innovation ability -2
• Control of inputs and distribution -1
• Quality of assets -1
• Technology -1
• Labour Productivity -1
Overall Score: -1.5 / 6
-SCM, DCM, Merchandising principle
“Technology strategy must support the business
strategy in developing a competitive advantage”
(Managing Tecbnology course)
12. Support Activities
• Firm Infrastructure:
• High store volume
• No regional HQ
• IT support systems for managerial decisions
• Human Resource Management:
• Introduction of senior manager with background outside retailing
(IT)
• Lower wages than competitors
• Less people employed/store
• Higher sales volume / employee
• “Associates”
• Management Techniques
– Balanced Scorecard
13. Support Activities
• Technology Development:
• Cutting-edge technology always used in order to
maintain CA
• Benchmark of competitors successful measure
• IT
• Procurement:
• High bargaining power with suppliers
• Long period for Account Payables
14. Primary Activities
• Inbound Logistics
• One of first users of EDI to communicate with suppliers
• Disintermediation
• High bargain power
• Example of flags after 9/11 (pp.7)
• Operations
• They uniquely operate each store
• Better in-store execution than competitors
• Outbound Logistics
• Wal-Mart Distribution Centres
• Distribution costs 2-3% compared with 4-5% of competitors
• Inventory Turns (7.6 compared with 6.1 – 5.4 from competitors)
• Marketing & Sales
• Unbeatable prices
• Services
• People Greeter
15. Distribution Network
• Economies of Scale
• Hub and spoke model
– 84 distribution centers in
United States
– Each center serves 150
stores within a 150 mile
radius
• Cut out the middle man
• Inventory Turnover
• High store volume
16. Distribution Network Sustainability
• Sustainable due to size and relationship with
suppliers
• Some aspects can be replicated by
competitors
– Hub and spoke model
– Buying directly from the manufacturer
• However difficult to replicate due to necessary
capital and size
17. Information Systems
• Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
• “Retail Link”
– Operating efficiencies
• Ex: partnership with Procter and Gamble
– Inventory turnover
– Unique merchandise in stores
• Local adaptation
18. Information Systems Sustainability
• Partly sustainable
• The technological system itself can be
replicated/purchased
• Capabilities difficult to replicate
– Partnerships
– Superior supply chain management
– How information
19. Cost Control
• Bargaining power with suppliers
– Disintermediation lower cost lower prices
– Longer accounts payable periods
• International Trade
– China
• Fewer employees lower labor costs
– Management techniques
– Exclusion of unions
20. Cost Control Sustainability
• Sustainable
• Bargaining power is difficult to replicate
– Influence
– Disintermediation
• Ability to keep indirect costs low
– Culture of frugality
• Difficult to imitate
– Labor costs
• Exclusion of unions
21. Resource & Capabilities Analysis
1st Step: Assessment of the main resources and
capabilities that affect the company and its
industry
2nd Step: Use the R&C Matrix to show the key
strengths of the company
22. Code Description Performance Importance
R1 Financial Strength 9 10
R2 IS Infrastructure 8 9
R3 Distribution Infrastructure 10 9
R4 Human Capital 8 4
R5 Store Locations 8 7
C1 Bargaining Power s/ Suppliers 10 9
C2 Inventory Management 7 8
C3 Employee Relations 4 6
C4 Marketing 5 5
C5 Cost Controls 10 10
C6 Management Expertise 7 9
C7 Distribution Processes 8 7
C8 Social Responsibility 2 4
C9 International Adaptation 3 8
23. 10
3 5
1
Relative Strength of the R&C
6
Capabilities 7 2 1
Resources
2 5
Key Strengths
Superfluous Strengths
4
3 4
Zone of Irrelevance Key Weaknesses
8 9
10
Importance
25. Future of Walmart
• How can Wal-Mart sustain its recent
performance and defend against other
threats?
“Story of evolution, not revolution”
(Bradley et al, 2003)
26. Recommendations and Challenges
• Four Key Determinants:
– Distribution Infrastructure
– Globalisation
– Competitive Threats
– Social Issues
27. • Distribution Infrastructure
– Building upon existing framework in order to
sustain competitive advantage
• Globalisation
– Market expansion
– Challenges
• Failure
• Cultural insensitivity
28. • Competitive Threats
– Intense price competition
– Potential competition or too big to fail?
• Social Issues
– Sustainability 360
– Corporate image
• Negativity associated with
Walmart regarding HRM issues
29. Conclusion
• Industry and Firm Analysis
• Competitive Advantages
• Sustainability of each advantage
• Recommendations for the future
30. References
• Bradley et al. (2003). Walmart Stores in 2003. Harvard Business Review.
• Djeddour, M. (2011). Strategic Management Lecture. [Handout], Strategic
Management Module. Grenoble Graduate School of Business.