The document provides images and descriptions of various construction materials, methods, and equipment. It includes summaries of air barrier paper, different types of attic ventilation such as soffit vents, ridge vents and gable vents. It also describes construction elements like backhoes, batter boards, types of brick bonds and sizes, types of cladding, code requirements for egress windows and stairs, and various framing elements, insulation methods, and plumbing components.

1. Visual DictionaryJeff BrockMaterials, Methods, and Equipment ISpring 2010

2. Air Barrier PaperAir Barrier Paper is a type of sheet material used for both a vapor retarder and air barrier. In this picture the Air Barrier Paper is stapled to the sheathing to offer as an Air/Vapor barrier.

3. Attic Ventilationsoffit ventThe Soffit Vent is above my hand. The white strip with holes to vent the attic.It is needed to allow air to flow into the attic or below the roof sheathing.

4. Attic VentilationRidge VentThe Ridge Vent is the elevated top black surface running on the top of the ridge of the roof. It runs the entire stretch of the roof ridge.It is needed to allow air to flow in and out of a gable roof at the ridge.

5. Attic VentilationGable ventThe gable Vent is at the top of the Gable in the roof.It is needed to exhaust excess heat and humidity from the attic.

6. Attic VentilationRoof TurbineThe roof turbine is the black ball and cylinder looking object at the top of the roof. It is needed to exhaust warm and moist air from your attic.

7. BackhoeA backhoe is an excavator whose bucket is rigidly attached to a hinged pole on the boom and is drawn backward to the machine when in operation.The backhoe is commonly used for excavating dirt or digging into the ground.Bucket Dimensions:Width-41 inchesHeight- 68 inchesDepth- 60 inches

8. Batter BoardsBatter Boards are a temporary frame built just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie in the surface planes of the basement that will be built in the excavation.

9. Brick ArchesJack ArchThis is a Jack Arch because all joints are uniform. It also contains a skewback, approximately 2 in. per foot of span.

10. Brick ArchesSegmental ArchThis is a segmental Arch. It uses 3 courses of Rowlock bricks.

11. Brick ArchesArch with KeystoneThis Arch has a Keystone( the large stone lying in the center of the arch).

12. Brick ArchesCenteringIn this picture, the brick lays on top of a curved RED metal lintel like centering device.Centering: Temporary form work for an arch, dome, or vault.

13. Brick BondsRunning Bond

14. Brick BondsAmericanBond

15. Brick BondsRowlocks

16. Brick BondsHeaders

17. Brick BondsSoldiers

18. Brick BondsStretcher Rowlocks (Shiners)

19. Brick BondsSailors

20. Brick SizesGrey Brick- SmallerRed Brick- Larger

21. Brick SizesRed Brick:Utility BrickFace Dimensions:3 ½ in- 11 ½ inW-H-L3 ½- 3 ½- 11 ½UTILITY BRICK

22. Brick SizesGrey Brick:Modular BrickFace Dimensions:3 ½ in – 7 5/8 inW-H-L3 ½- 3 ½- 7 5/8MODULAR BRICK

23. Brick SizesWhite brick- smallerRed Brick- larger

24. Brick SizesRed Brick:Norman BrickFace Dimensions:3 ½ in by 11 ½ W-H-L3 ½ - 2 ¼ - 11 ½ NORMAN BRICK

25. Brick SizesWhite Brick:Modular BrickFace Dimensions:3 ½ in – 7 5/8 inW-H-L3 ½- 3 ½- 7 5/8MODULAR BRICK

26. BulldozerA BULLDOZER is a heavy, driver-operated machine for clearing and grading land, usually having continuous treads and a broad hydraulic blade in front.

27. CladdingBrick

28. CladdingEIFS

29. CladdingStone

30. CladdingWood Boards

31. CladdingWood ShakeA shake is a wooden shingle that is made from split logs.This wooden shake is made from real wood.

32. Code RequirementsEgress WindowEgress Window:Minn. Width- 31 in.Minn. Height- 28 in.Net opening-6.03 sqft Height above sill 24in.Code Requirement:Minn . Width-20 inMinn . Height- 24inNet oprning- 5.7 sqftMax height above sill-Less then 44 in.

33. Code RequirementsStairsStairs:Tred: 10 inRiser: 7 ½Code Requirements:Tred:10 in minnimumRiser: 7 ¾ in max.

34. Concrete JointsControl Joint:An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure.

35. Concrete JointsIsolation Joint:A joint, such as an expansion joint, between two adjacent structures which are not in physical contact.This isolation joint isolates the driveway from the owner’s front walkway. Using a piece of treated lumber.

36. Concrete Masonry Unit3 courses of brick =1 CMU height

37. Concrete Masonry Unit2 Different sized CMULARGER= 12inchSMALLER= 4inch

38. Decorative Concrete Masonry UnitsSplit Block CMU

39. Decorative Concrete Masonry UnitsRibbed Block

40. DoorsFlush Door

41. DoorsPanel Door:Orange arrow: panelBlue arrow: Top RailRed arrow: lock railGreen arrow: stileYellow arrow: bottom rail

42. DoorsTransom:A small window directly above the door.

43. DoorsSidelight:A small narrow window along side a door.

44. Electrical ComponentsTransformer BoxTRANSFORMER BOX:A device used to transfer electric energy from one circuit to another. The transformer box is used to transform the electric current sent from the power plant into a safe current allowable to enter the house.

45. Electrical ComponentsService HeadSERVICE HEAD:The service point from the main circuit line to the structure. These service heads can come in: A Tie-In, Lateral, or actual service line.This service head is an example of a panel box.

46. Electrical ComponentsMeterMETER:The meter is used to calculate the amount of kW/h of electricity that the home uses.The power company comes out an measures this amount and sends it to you in you electricity bill.The National average of kW/h for March of 2010 was 12 cents.

47. Electrical ComponentsService PanelSERVICE PANEL:A panel located inside the house from which the different circuits run through. The panel is often called a “breaker box”. It absorbs the electricity from the main line and distributes it to other circuits.

48. Electrical ComponentsDuplex ReceptacleDUPLEX RECEPTACLE:The duplex receptacle is often referred to as an “outlet”. It provides an outlet source of electricity for all sorts of electric devices.

49. Framing Elements1. Anchor Bolt

50. Framing Elements2. Sill Plate

51. Framing Elements3. Floor joistThis house uses Trusses as floor joists.

52. Framing Elements4. Subflooring

53. Framing Elements5. Sole Plate

54. Framing Elements6. Stud

55. Framing Elements7. Top Plate

56. Framing Elements8. Stringer

57. Framing Elements9. Ceiling Joist

58. Framing Elements10. Rafter

59. Framing Elements11. Roof Decking

60. Framing Elements12. Sheathing

61. Front End LoaderFront End Loader:Is a heavy equipment machine (often used in construction) that is primarily used to "load" material (asphalt, demolition debris, dirt, feed, gravel, logs, raw minerals, recycled material, rock, sand, wood chips, etc.) into an assortment of things. ( i.e. dump trucks)

62. Gypsum BoardGypsum Board:An interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces; also called drywall, plasterboard.In this picture the gypsum board is installed with taped and mudded joints.

63. Heat PumpCompressor/ EvaporatorHeat Pump:A device that utilizes a refrigeration cycle either to heat or to cool a building by passing air or water over either the condensing coils or the evaporator coils, respectively.Advantage: popular choice due to their simple ‘plug and play’ installation and competitive pricingDisadvantage: Air source heat pumps perform better in mild temperate. In climates with extended periods of freezing temperatures, they force users to use electric or gas heaters

64. Heat PumpAir Handling UnitAir Handling Unit:The heat pump’s air handling unit is used to direct air to the central air line.

65. InsulationBatt/Blanket InsulationPurpose: Batt/Blanket Insulation is used to insulate below floors, above ceilings, and within walls. Generally, batt insulation is the least expensive wall insulation material but requires careful installation for effective performance.

66. InsulationLoose Fill InsulationPurpose: Loose Fill Insulation includes loose fibers or fiber pellets that are blown into building cavities or attics using special equipment. It generally costs more than batt insulation. However, it usually fills nooks and crannies easier, reduces air leakage better, and provides better sound insulation than natt-type insulation.

67. InsulationFoamed InsulationPurpose: foam insulation is a two-part liquid containing a polymer (such as polyurethane or modified urethane) and a foaming agent. The liquid is sprayed through a nozzle into wall, ceiling, and floor cavities. As it is applied it expands into a solid cellular plastic with millions of tiny air-filled cells that fill every nook and cranny

68. InsulationRigid Board InsulationPurpose:Rigid board insulation is commonly made from fiberglass, polystyrene, or polyurethane and comes in a variety of thicknesses with a high insulating value (approximately R-4 to R-8 per inch). This type of insulation is used for reproofing work on flat roofs, on basement walls and as perimeter insulation at concrete slab edges, and in cathedral ceilings.

69. LintelLintel:STEEL LINTELA LINTEL is a beam that carries the load of a wall across a window or door opening.

70. MortarRaked JointTooled Joint5/8 in. JointUsed on a Masonic Lodge.Mortar Type: NMedium-strength Mortar

71. MortarFlush JointTrowled Joint5/8 in. JointMortar Type: NMedium- Strength Mortar

72. Oriented Strand Board(OSB)OSB:Building material composed of rectangular-shaped wood strands arranged in layers at right angles to one another, laid up into mats that form a panel and bonded with waterproof adhesives. Cross orientation makes the panels strong and stiff in both directions, and they contain no laps, gaps, or voids

73. PlumbingLavatory:Size of Drain:1 ½ in.

74. PlumbingTub/ Shower In: During Framing

75. PlumbingWater ClosetSize of Drain:3 in.

76. PlumbingPlumbing Vent:A plumbing vent allows for building drains to flow freely as well as let sewer gases be vented safely outdoors.

77. PlumbingLaundry Room SinkDrop In Sink

78. PlywoodPlywood: A cross banded assembly of layers of veneer or veneer in combination with a lumber core or plies joined with an adhesive; the grain of the adjoining veneer or plies is approximately at right angles; an odd number of plies is generally used. Two primary types of plywood are recognized, “veneer plywood” (layers of veneers only) and “lumber core” plywood (lumber core with veneers or plies bonded to it).Veneer: coating consisting of a thin layer of superior wood glued to a base of inferior wood

79. Radiant BarrierRadiant Barrier:Radiant Barriers inhibit heat transfer by thermal radiation.

80. RebarRebar:½ in in diameter.#4 barThe deformations on the surface of the rebar allow the rebar to make a gripping surface in the concrete. Without these deformations, you may be able to wiggle the rebar out of the concrete.

81. Steep Roof DrainageGutter:a channel along the eaves or on the roof; collects and carries away rainwater

82. Steep RoofDrainageDownspout:A downspout is a vertical pipe for carrying rainwater from a rain gutter gutter to ground level.

83. Steep Roof DrainageSplash Block:A pad placed under the lower end of a downspout and diverts the water from the downspout away from the house.

84. Steep Roof MaterialsUnderlayment: Felt PaperFelt Paper:Tar paper, installed under roof shingles. Usually 15 lb. Or 30 lb.Filler (wood): A heavily pigmented preparation used for fining and leveling off the pores in open-pored woods.

85. Steep Roof MaterialsClay Tile Roof

86. Steep Roof MaterialsShingle Roof:A thin oblong piece of material, such as wood or slate, that is laid in overlapping rows to cover the roof or sides of a house or other buildingWooden ShinglesCLOSE UP ON FOLLOWING SLIDE!

87. Steep Roof MaterialsClose up of Shingle Roof.WOODEN SHINGLES

88. Steep Roof MaterialsMetal Panel RoofUsually fabricated of sheet metal such as aluminum.

89. Steep Roof ShapesGabel

90. Steep Roof ShapesGambrel

91. Steep Roof ShapesHip

92. Steep Roof ShapesMansard

93. Steep RoofTermsOrange Arrow: RidgeThe top edge of a roof where two sloping sides meet.Blue Arrow: ValleyThe "V" created where two sloping roofs meet.Red arrow: EaveAn eave is the edge of a roof. Eaves usually project beyond the side of the building generally to provide weather protection.

94. Steep Roof TermsRake: Orange ArrowA board or molding placed along the sloping sides of a frame gable to cover the ends of the sidingSoffit: Blue ArrowA soffit is the horizontal underside of a roof overhang, an archway, a staircase, a ceiling, or a similar architectural component.

95. Steep Roof TermsFascia:The exposed vertical face of an eave.

96. Steep Roof TermsBuilding Without FasciaDefinition of a fascia on previous slideAs you can see in this photo, this side has a rake to cover the siding, but no soffit, and no fascia.My face looks so dumb because it was pouring. F.Y.I.RakeNo fascia

97. StoneRandom Rubble

98. StoneCoursed Rubble

99. StoneRandom Ashlar

100. StoneCoursed Ashlar

101. Vapor RetarderVapor Retarder:Helps control the amount of moisture passing through the insulation and collecting inside exterior walls, ceilings and floorsMost commonly put on the back of the insulation.

102. WaterproofingWaterproofing:Coating a material to make it repel water.The concrete is waterproofed to make sure that the concrete does not absorb water while it is below grade.Liquid Applied waterproofing

103. Weep HoleWeep Holes:small openings left in the outer wall of masonry construction as an outlet for water inside a building to move outside the wall and evaporate.

104. Welded Wire FabricWelded Wire Fabric:A series of longitudinal and transverse wires of various gauges, arranged at right angles to each other and welded at all points of intersection; used for concrete slab reinforcement.Grid Measurements:6 in .by 6 in.

105. WindowsDouble Hung Window:This is a double hung window because both the top and bottom panels move freely up and down the rails to allow top and bottom to both be open.

106. WindowsCasement Window:This is an out swinging casement window because it is hinged along the side of the window. It swings outward using a crank to turn as it opens the window.

107. WindowsAwning Window:This an out swinging awning window because it is hinged along the top of the window. This allows the window to be pushed open from the bottom and hang outwardly open.