Virtual Worlds From Three Supporting Areas Of Research

Virtual Worlds From Three Supporting Areas Of Research
This chapter reviews key literature relevant to virtual worlds from three supporting areas of
research. Firstly, we define what a virtual world is by identifying the core attributes. We then
proceed and discuss the main approaches used in modern virtual learning, before concluding with an
examination of the fundamental aspects of the modern virtual learning experience.
VIRTUAL WORLDS
Virtual worlds have garnered academic attention over the last three decades. During this time, they
have matured both in nature and appearance, evolving from simple text based systems such as Multi
User Dungeons (MUDS) to fully interactive 3D virtual spaces, such as Second Life (Bartle 2003).
The rapid evolution of virtual worlds has promoted an explosion of creativity across a diverse range
of applications; however the core attributes have remained the same through time.
A DEFINITION OF VIRTUAL WORLDS
Numerous definitions of virtual worlds have been proffered by key protagonists within the field.
One of the most widely accepted definitions offered by Richard Bartle (Bartle 2003), describes a
virtual world as being comprised of five core attributes. Whilst others within the field of virtual
worlds offer similar definitions, Bartle's definition remains the most notable. Bartle's five core
attributes are described below:
I. The world has underlying rules that enables players to effect changes within it
II. Players represent individuals or entities in the world
III. Interaction in the world
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Learning Outcomes Of Virtual Labs
Learning Outcomes of Virtual Labs compared to Hands–On Labs With many schools experiencing
budget issues or simply don't have the room nor the ability to justify the extra expense of a science
lab, many schools are looking online for virtual resources. The need to increase science literacy is
almost a mandate from our dear president. This is a good thing, but the problem is people don't want
to spend money. NGSS demands more cognitive understanding of all sciences and engineering
practices. Schools are looking to increase the level of science achievement of their students.
Students generally found lab experiences valuable, and viewed lab experiences as beneficial to their
learning. (Pyatt, 2012, p. 145) Definitions Technology and virtual ... Show more content on
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A special version of an online class is called a "MOOC: massive open online courses that make
university lectures available to tens of thousands of students at a time." (Waldrop, 2013, para 1)
These are free to any user, and as such, anybody can use them. In comparison, a hands–on lab is
performed with physical manipulatives, with reusable or consumable items within a classroom
setting. This includes any glassware, chemicals, animals, and measurement tools necessary. Hands–
on labs refer to any activity that does not use a computer or other virtual environment to aid in
performing the experiment or activity. Method A search of research articles was conducted through
the resources and databases available through the Jerry Falwell Library online at Liberty University
Online, physically located in Georgia. The most useful databases were Wiley, ProQuest, Springer,
and ScienceDirect. The following key words were used to help narrow search results: virtual
learning, virtual science labs, virtual labs high school, virtual lab comparison. The results gave
several examples of peer–reviewed studies performed within middle school, high school, and basic
college courses for the purpose of exploring the usefulness of virtual labs in biology, chemistry and
physics classrooms. Since virtual labs are still a newer research topic within the last decade, there
was no time frame limitations placed on

Successful Online Learning Of A Blended Classroom
Successful Online Learning in a Blended Classroom Lee Anne Todd University of New England
EDU 721: Technology with Inclusion Education November 5, 2015 In today's high schools, it has
become increasing more difficult to meet the diverse needs of students with social–emotional
disabilities. These students face a myriad of challenges including school avoidance and school
phobia. Schools must be creative and develop programs to support each student's emotional health
while providing a rigorous program to meet the student's academic needs. One model to address the
needs of students who are school avoidant or have school phobia is an off campus location which is
staffed by special needs teachers with an expertise in mental health and counseling. By staffing such
programs with teachers designed to meet the students' emotional health, academic rigor may be
sacrificed. Programs that lack content certified teachers to address all students' academic needs are
turning to on–line learning platforms. Virtual high schools and online learning courses create a
solution to educating high school students who may not be able to be educated in a traditional
classroom setting (Reid, Aqui, & Putney, 2009). Schools are creating blended learning environments
where educators trained in mental health can support students' mental health while accessing a
content rich environment with online courses. This research review will

How Virtual Worlds Can Be Used For Enhance Learning And...
How Virtual Worlds Can Be Used To Enhance Learning and Education
Virtual worlds have solved many of the challenges faced by educational institutions. Today,
hundreds of colleges, universities and other learning organizations are either augmenting their
current traditional classroom curriculum with a virtual learning component or are holding classes
and entire programs exclusively in immersive learning environments in Second Life. Second Life's
persistent virtual environments give students an opportunity to work together synchronously and
then return, individually or as a team. The learning space is always equally available, for
geographically dispersed groups as well as for those who meet regularly in the physical world. This
is especially useful when students require more flexible schedules or need to work asynchronously
on the same project.
Second Life amplifies learning beyond capabilities afforded by teleconference calls and web
presentation tools. It also creates an avenue for field trips inside virtual organs, machines and other
environments that go far beyond the limits of traditional learning spaces. Training simulations are
also incredibly powerful in Second Life because they simulate complex, processes in the physical
world and avatars can take on different roles to enhance learning.
How Second Life Is Being Applied
Universities and Colleges
Many universities and colleges have established their presence in Second Life either with pre–built
campuses or by

Advantages And Disadvantages Of E Learning Essay
1. Introduction
E–learning has contributed into a technology–driven paradigm that has transformed the educational
processes by providing creativity, innovation and diverse styles in teaching and learning. In nutshell,
it is transferring of knowledge and information to learners using Information and Communication
Technologies. E–learning is delivery of contents using extensive technological tools and computers
with an intention to provide autonomy and flexibility to learners as well as teachers. The term E–
learning is interchangeably used with related terms like virtual learning, online learning, web–based
learning, internet learning, distributed learning, networked learning, tele–learning, computer–
assisted learning, web–based learning and the likes. However, broadly e–learning refers to delivery
of learning objects using electronic technologies.
Ally Mohamed (2004) defines online learning as "the use of the Internet to access learning
materials; to interact with the content, instructor, and other learners; and to obtain support during the
learning process, in order to acquire knowledge, to construct personal ... Show more content on
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Advantages of e–learning
E–learning is assessed to offer the following advantages; Learner–centric– The teacher provides
guidance and facilitate learners in chalking out decisions in respect to learning processes,
methodology and content selection, and hence transfers authority over the programme. Flexible
Learning– It provides flexibility in terms of place, pace and duration of study.
It provides Anytime, Anywhere, Anypace learning which is particularly suitable for the learners
pursuing programmes in part–time mode, just–in–time learners and adult learners. Unlimited reach
and absence of geographical barriers– Providing access to high quality education to all those who
seek it irrespective of age, region, religion and gender. A teacher can instructs thousands of students
in different locations at the same time using virtual

Challenges Faced By Educational Institutions
Virtual worlds have solved many of the challenges faced by educational institutions. Today,
hundreds of colleges, universities and other learning organizations are either augmenting their
current traditional classroom curriculum with a virtual learning component or are holding classes
and entire programs exclusively in immersive learning environments in Second Life. Second Life's
persistent virtual environments give students an opportunity to work together synchronously and
then return, individually or as a team. The learning space is always equally available, for
geographically dispersed groups as well as for those who meet regularly in the physical world. This
is especially useful when students require more flexible schedules or need to work asynchronously
on the same project. Second Life amplifies learning beyond capabilities afforded by teleconference
calls and web presentation tools. It also creates an avenue for field trips inside virtual organs,
machines and other environments that go far beyond the limits of traditional learning spaces.
Training simulations are also incredibly powerful in Second Life because they simulate complex,
processes in the physical world and avatars can take on different roles to enhance learning. How
Second Life Is Being Applied Universities and Colleges Many universities and colleges have
established their presence in Second Life either with pre–built campuses or by creating opportunities
for students to engage in project–based

Designing An Online Educational Environment
The process for designing an online educational environment is a unique experiment and must be
done in a methodical manner. The equipment, multimedia, and software and hardware all have to be
incorporated into a virtual space that can be accessed by multiple user simultaneously as well as on
the individual's time and location. Providing this type of service requires a standardized preparation
and planning for the virtual experience to be beneficial to its users. Simply logging on to the web
and reading the text and watching videos that are online is not adequate enough to meet the
requirement for learning and earning a degree. Yenitepe and Tezgider stated that "high–caliber
content is the key content is the key content with an instructional design that makes courses
effectively" (pg. 30, 2004.) The curriculum must be designed with purpose and be meaningful, in
order for the learning experience to be beneficial and recognized and found merit to deserve credit.
The designers must carry out a well thought out plan to develop an online learning experience the
designer will have to incorporate the ADDIE model to get the designing phase on paper. The "A"
which stands for analyze, is vital because this step is what and how the creation will become into
existence, the designer finds all data needed to create a plan to layout an effective learning
environment.
There are checks and balances done as well as cross examinations to ensure that the preparation to
develop the virtual

Institutions Of Higher Learning. An Institution Of Higher
Institutions of higher learning
An institution of higher learning is defined as a place that offers undergraduate and graduate degree
programs (Barrow, Brock, & Rouse, 2013). In the United States they date back to before the
American Revolution, and have continually adapted to meet the needs of learners (Barrow, Brock, &
Rouse, 2013). For example, institutions of higher learning are always incorporating new programs
and working towards creating a quality learning environment. In the 21st century institutions of
higher learning have moved in the direction of making a higher education more available and now
have the ability to reach local learners and learners on the other side of the world (Alexey, 2016).
Initially most United States ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While the College of William and Mary focused on preparing learners for ordination into the Church
of England, they were the first institution of higher learning to have full time faculty. Harvard
University maintained a small amount of faculty that were well known for their knowledge, and by
1782 added medical studies (Harvard University, 2016). Harvard University is also well known for
buildings originally built in the 18th century that are still standing. For example, Massachusetts
Hall, built in 1720 and Wadsworth House build in 1726 (Harvard University, 2016). Buildings built
during the 17th century that did not survive and have their original locations marked with brass
markers. The College of William and Mary is known for the Sir Christopher Wren Building, which
is the oldest college building still standing (Fishman, 2015).
During the 19th century, Harvard University added additional programs and celebrated its
bicentennial. Harvard's 15th President Josiah Quincy displayed a new university shield with the
motto "Veritas" at the universities 200th birthday celebration, the shield was officially adopted in
1843 (Christen, 2013). Quincy remained the university 's president from 1829 to 1845, during a time
when teaching methods evolved and a larger variety of courses became available. During Quincy's
time as President, students had more freedom to select courses of their choice and the use of lectures
replaced the

How Technology Can Be An Expert Designer
Overview Weebly came to technology life in 2007 as a smart, simple platform to create websites and
blogs that may use to display products, to manage works, to share the interest with others. The idea
of Weebly created by ambitious college students, David Rusenko, Dan Veltri and Chris Fanini, who
started their creative project from San Francisco. Weebly has chosen as one of the best 50 websites
in the year of 2007. (Buechner, 2007)
Weebly is a wonderful online program that allows you to create easily an online website or blog to
use it for a variety of purposes. If you are an educator, you can use Weebly to make the educational
operation more valuable and enjoyable for your students. If you are a student, you can use Weebly to
share your creativity and your interest with others. Everyone can enjoy Weebly free services and
build his online community. Weebly offers its users many interesting and easy features that allowed
them to create a high quality website without the need to be an expert designer. This paper will
shade the light on how teachers can benefit from Weebly excellent services to create an online
classroom easily and how that can reflect positively on students ' education.
Shifting attention to the virtual learning to meet the interests of students in the 21st–century
Technology has become an important aspect of the 21st century. Therefore, educators should
consider ways to

The Pros And Cons Of E-Learning
Today e–learning is mostly delivered though the internet, although in the past it was delivered using
a blend of computer–based methods like CD–ROM. E–learning provides the learners with the
ability to fit learning around their lifestyles, effectively allowing even the busiest person to further a
career and gain new qualifications. Overall, traditional learning is expensive, takes a long time and
the results can vary. E–learning offers an alternative that is faster, cheaper and potentially better. The
term "e–learning" has only been in existence since 1999, when the word was first utilized at CBT
systems seminar. Other words also began to spring up in search of an accurate description such as
"online learning" and "virtual learning" However, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
New and experienced workers alike now had the opportunity to improve upon their industry
knowledge
base and expand their skill sets. At home individuals were granted access to programs that offered
them the ability to earn online degrees and enrich their lives through expanded knowledge. (P, 6,
11).
Key to the concepts of online learning is that a very significant part of the
Course delivery and course work takes place virtually, using the internet. At one end of the scale we
have 100 percent online course, where learner never meet face–to–face, and all course content and
course work takes place online, and at the other end of the scale, a blended option where most
course work takes place face– to–face, but is a regular and carefully integrated online component to
the course. Online learning is often delivered via a learning 'platform' or Virtual Learning
Environment (VLE) also known as a Learner Management System (LMS), or a virtual classroom, a
VLE web based platform and which course content can be stored. It is accessed by learner on the
internet, and they cannot only see course content, such as documents, audio and video lecture, but
also do

Online Course Design Advantages And Disadvantages
1. Introduction College course completion can occur anywhere and in any space. Preference of
online learning has become the norm for over 25% of students enrolled in an online courses at the
undergraduate and postsecondary level (Young, & Bruce, 2011; Elaine Allen, & Seaman, 2007).
Diverse distant education options (online course programs, e–learning programs), have presented
challenges for both students and instructors, leading to extensive research on the tenets of what
constitutes quality learning in the differing virtual settings (Boling, Hough, Krinsky, Saleem, &
Stevens, 2012; Oncu, & Cakir, 2011). The increase of dropout rates across community colleges and
universities has compelled the review of instructional practices in online settings (Lee, & Choi,
2011;2010; Xu, D., & Jaggars, 2013).
1.1 Online Course Design
Modern courses apply traditional text–based instruction and lecture styles, where students typically
participate in content saturated discussions by responding to weekly module course work
(assignments given in a folder online) and discussion board posts (content based questions in the
form of discussion forums) (Gillett–Swan, 2017; Jaggars, & Xu, 2016). Instructors gravitate towards
systematized teaching approaches online in an effort to reduce confusion and increase course
completion, however studies have shown no direct link between course completion and structured
organization of course content (Jimoyiannis, 2012; Mayadas, Bourne, & Bacsich, 2009).

What Is The Effect Of Gamification
CHAPTER 1 Title :The effect of gamification for Boys and Girl in UITM Machang 1.0.
Background of Study Stress is a common problem in field of study some people is burdened by
some different problem and every one of them regardless gender have different type of outlet to
reduce the stress. Gaming is one of the ways to reduce the stress. According to Kevin Werbach
(2017) Gamification is the application of game elements and digital game design techniques to non–
game problems, such as business and social impact challenges. This course will teach you the
mechanisms of gamification, why it has such tremendous potential, and how to use it effectively. In
other word this research article is about how Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) can provide
benefits during learning process. However not everyone like playing games thus a simple problem
such as boredom, lack of interest, monotony, lack of motivation, which is ultimately causes students
to behave inappropriately and lead them to a lower performance. According to Bunch ball (2017)
Gamification is also a process of the use of aesthetics, mechanics and dynamics in contexts
unrelated to games, to increase motivation and support behavior change thus integration of game
mechanics into it to motivate participation, engagement, and loyalty. 1.1. Statement ... Show more
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As we all know teaching method is a subject which have strict requirements this is to ensure that
student will be able to obtain something for it. The first problem that we face is the unsuitable use of
these game mechanics in Virtual Learning Environments by students. The second one is there have a
different result with boy and girl when use game mechanics in Virtual Learning Environments
(VLE).Lastly the factors lack of student motivation, boredom or dissatisfaction with a discipline
directly give influence to use game mechanics in Virtual Learning Environments

The Challenges And Disadvantages And Disadvantages Of...
Virtual reality Virtual reality is one of the main features of the twentieth century which was created
for making the user feel the artificial environment as a real environment with the use of three
dimensions of life sizes. By now, virtual reality has gained popularity and power especially among
teenagers and young adults. But like every other technology process, virtual reality even has its own
set of advantages and disadvantages.
First of all, it is uncontradictable that virtual reality redefines the idea of communication, you can
meet people you know in real life or anyone connected to the internet. It gives the opportunity to
keep in touch with different people from all over the world. This means that relationships will begin
to be formed more by interest and not by general location. Furthermore, virtual ... Show more
For example, in the game Second Life the players can visit any of the historical buildings and places
easily; moreover famous moments of the history can be experienced. The players can spend time in
the age of Shakespeare to perform in the Globe or go back to Ancient Rome to watch a gladiator
fight. On the contrary, spending time in a non–realistic world also has drawbacks. Many people may
become addicted to live in a virtual world which can often result in forgetting their responsibility in
their real life. Furthermore, it can get worse and these addicted people may lose connection with
their life and their loved ones, thus lives, families and friendships may collapse. Another point is
that the equipment for these games costs a fortune. In spite of the fact that these games are free, a
powerful computer and prime gadgets are required which are utterly expensive and because of this
many can not afford it. And those who do not have access or can not afford this technology will be
left out, which may cause a further separation in social

Online Learning Is Beneficial For High School Students
Online Learning is Beneficial for High School Students
We live in a technology driven society and high school students have the opportunity to partake in
the online learning environment. There are several advantages in this type of learning atmosphere.
Online schooling is beneficial for high school students because the students outshine in their studies
beyond a traditional brick–and–mortar setting. Interaction between students and teachers, as well as
academic performance is successful. The effect of student communications with content, peers, and
instructors is positive, along with credit recovery for students who are behind.
The benefits of online schooling enhance a student's academic performance just the same as the
traditional ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Students in the virtual learning environment develop a challenge with rigorous and relevant
assignments and assessments that are designed to meet today's new standards of education. The
online learning setting will allow the student to prepare for college readiness and career
preparedness. In addition, online schooling is Internet based, and students have the capability to
access their studies 24–7, which allows flexibility for the student for a precise and personalized
education. The students are in the front row and have interaction with their instructors because they
are responsible for every lesson. Online education opportunities are becoming more widespread
because they give students a wider range of learning experiences than they might have in the
traditional brick–and–mortar classroom.
Interaction is an essential element of online learning among the students and teachers. When a
student utilizes e–mails, instant chat, or a phone call with their professor, this can smooth the
progress of significant, profound education and learning experience. "Some North Carolina Virtual
Public Schools teachers actually report having more contact with students online than in the regular
classrooms, since students may feel more comfortable asking question via e–mail than voicing them
in class" (Oliver, Patel, & Keilman, 2009, p 41). The online environment is of course Internet based
and

Choosing A Training Intervention Program
Choosing an Intervention
Projects requiring a training intervention usually have to do with a performance. I used as a
reference a similar intervention from Kentucky Virtual Schools' hybrid program since I would like
to analyze step by steps the procedures to obtain the expected outcomes. Training intervention is the
method I choose because it complies with the procedures I want to present at SUAGM (Sistema
Universitario Ana G. Méndez) to integrate technology in a bilingual setting with hybrid courses.
Developing a training intervention project involves assessing the need, designing materials,
developing training presentations and exercises, implementing the program and evaluating the
success of the program.
I will use as a guide to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Professional development
According to the intervention training in the study, change started with professional development; it
was guided by instruction specialists and used an online professional development program for
algebra I teachers, as well as other resources. The program was intended to improve both the algebra
I content knowledge and research–based instructional practices. It begun with orientation and
instruction in a hybrid format before moving to a distance format. The teachers received online
training sessions with the purpose to share their successes and challenges to improve their
understanding, and ability to implement recommended instruction practices.
In my project, the professional development will include offering training to both instructors and
bilingual adult students. I can talk with property about the sessions since I have been helping as
instructional curriculum designer; participating of the evaluation and selection of the instructors, and
offering courses online and in traditional setting to level staff, teachers, and students. For instance,
some of the offered courses to the instructors are introduction to Blackboard 9.1; searching,
evaluation, and selecting internet resources; collaboration online with Microsoft Office live
workspace; instructional design, and Web 2.0 tools.
Develop the training materials
Social and educational demands are

Computer Network : A Means Of Extending Interoperability...
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Computer network came into existence as a means of extending interoperability and promoting self–
productivity through sharing of computer resources among the users. The trending factor in our
society today is the fact that the world is connected as one global village. Humans are now able to
connect together from any two points in the world. This is made possible by advances in
telecommunication. Telecommunications simply is the extension of communication over a distance.
This also brings about what we know as networking which is the interconnection of various
equipment that are for the purpose of information sharing. Admittedly, long–distance networking
haul is being achieved using fibre optics and microwave transmission for network bridges, this is
commonly addressed as WAN – Wide Area Network. However, in interconnecting with our
colleagues and equipment around us, we use the various form of LAN – Local Area Network,
SOHO – Small Office Home Office falls to this category albeit via wireless transmission with the
use of Access Points or wired technology using the Ethernet standards.
Consequently, so many applications of computer networks have emerged from its many forms.
Some of these includes the internet which is the biggest WAN where humans are able to share
documents across the globe irrespective of their location or infrastructure. Security is also another
aspect that reflects the impact of networking as surveillance and controlled can be

Designing An Educational Environment Online
The process for designing an educational environment online is a unique experiment and must be
done in a methodical manner. The equipment, multimedia, and software and hardware all has to be
incorporated into a virtual space that can be access by multiple user simultaneously as well as on the
individual's time and location. Providing this type of service requires a standardized preparation and
planning for the virtual experience to be beneficial to its users. Simply logging on to the web and
reading text and watching videos that are online is not adequate enough to meet the requirement for
learning and earning a degree (see page 4). The curriculum must be designed with purpose and be
meaningful, in order for the learning experience to be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The design phase is where the team kicks things into gear and put their minds to the task at hand and
create what their certified in. For example, the video programmer will create the instruction video
clips that will deliver information to the learner. The video programmer will then limit the videos to
the web developer who is responsible for adding things to the web. The software designer will have
the responsibility of creating compatible, user friendly type software that users can have access to
maneuver to engage in different learning experiences and gain meaningful knowledge. Once the
floor plan is complete the producer of the plan moves to the next phase of the model mentioned, the
"D" which is the developing stage is when the plan leaves the paper and comes to life. The
developmental stage is where many of the analyzed data used to create a ubiquitous material that all
users from including staff, administration and prospective learners can have access to it without any
type of issue. The developer of this experience knows how much of a challenge that is present when
transferring the learning experience to an electronic database versus in person and using text and
other multimedia like CD–ROMs, DVD's, PowerPoints and other media that is not directly from the
internet. When coming up with solutions to these type of challenges the design has to keep in mind
the amount of people that will be asked to use the database as well as the amount of

Simulation And Virtual Applications For Learning
According to McGonigle & Mastrian, (2012), educational games, simulation and virtual
technologies each have features that can assist an individual in learning and assist educators to
choose appropriate tools for learners. The features include, goal orientation, competition,
exploratory learning and social interaction. Learning is a skill acquired and uses thought processes
that individuals need to respond, such as in gaming. Interactive experiences motivate and engage
individuals in the learning process. Game based learning is working toward a goal, choosing actions
and experiencing consequences of the actions through each level. In a sense, individuals actively
learn and practice the right way to do things, whereas in a traditional setting, individuals are taught
through passive approaches and are evaluated on memory. Interactive technologies such as game
based education, simulations and virtual applications, the individuals learn the facts, understand the
how's and whys, seek abstract principles to allow them to perform consistently and effectively.
Games are competitive, simulations can be goal oriented and virtual learning is through exploratory
and social interactions. (Bliemel, & Ali–Hassan, 2014). Functional and factual learning can occur
with interactive technology and can assist in problem solving creativity, persistence which are all
skills learned. Principles noted by Gee, (2003), describe learning with games as a subset principle
which describes learning taking

Is Learning A Learning?
We all know that learning today has expanded far beyond books and lessons. In our global society,
learning includes creating new understanding, respect and appreciation for different people and
cultures. Many learning institutions have created joint learning programs in Second Life with great
success. Using the various collaboration tools in Second Life, and the Second Life Education email
list, it's easy to connect with other teachers and professors in Second Life who are open to
collaborating, sharing, and creating joint learning programs. Because Second Life accommodates
synchronous and asynchronous learning, time zones start to melt away.
4. Reach More Students
Whether a student is learning from home, work, school, or a cafe, they can all still reach Second
Life with an Internet connection – and join class. With Avaline, you can also phone into classes or
meetings. Additionally, Second Life is an ideal learning environment for many disabled students as
it provides greater accessibility than traditional campuses, as proven by the Second Life community
Virtual Ability.
The latest Second Life client also supports advanced, realistic voice chat (in addition to text chat and
instant messaging), featuring 3–D–mapped voice with audio focusing capabilities and speech
gestures. As a user walks around someone who is speaking to them in Second Life, they will hear
the voice move around in 3–D, based on where they are relative to that avatar. If the user turns
toward someone who

Blended Learning Definition
2.0 Definitions of Blended Learning Literature has provided numerous definitions of blended
learning from many different point of views and perspectives but there is no single definition agreed
by the academicians. However, all of the definitions share the common features of blended learning
that result in a universal definition acknowledged by many practitioners all over the world. The most
common and acceptable definition of blended learning agreed by many researchers is a combination
of face to face instruction and online learning that provide superior learning experiences to the
learners. A paper written by Liyana (2014) entitled, "Motivating Adult Learners Using Blended
Learning in Higher Education Institution" has listed a few definitions of blended learning as follow:
a) Blended learning is a combination of traditional face to face and online learning so that learning
can take place both inside and outside of the classroom in which online learning is an extension of
conventional classroom learning (Colis and Moonen, 2001).
b) Blended learning is a new teaching and learning concept that provides learners ... Show more
In tertiary institutions, students may have limited classroom contact hours but they need to rapidly
increase their knowledge and skills. They might not be able to meet and consult their lecturers as
much as they want or even have limited time to engage in group discussion especially for the
working adults. Therefore, blended learning offers solution to this issue by allowing both educators
and learners to interact in virtual environment without having to be at the same place, at the same
time for the interaction to take place. This notion is supported by Sethy (2008) who stated that
educators have considered the needs for social interaction and collaboration by adding human
interaction to online learning which later helps in the learning

Learning Is An Ideal Learning
In today's society, learning today has expanded away from recommended books and lessons.
Learning entails creating new understanding, respect and appreciation for different people and
cultures. A number of learning institutions have designed joint learning programs in Second Life
with great success. It is very easy and practical to connect with other teachers and professors in
Second Life who are open to collaborating, sharing, and creating joint learning programs. Tis can be
done using the various collaboration tools in Second Life, and the Second Life Education email list.
Second Life accommodates synchronous and asynchronous learning, hence time zones are not a
significant factor.
4. Reach More Students
Whether a student is learning from home, work, school, or a cafe, they can all still reach Second
Life with an Internet connection – and join class. With Avaline, you can also phone into classes or
meetings. Additionally, Second Life is an ideal learning environment for many disabled students as
it provides greater accessibility than traditional campuses, as proven by the Second Life community
Virtual Ability.
The latest Second Life client also supports advanced, realistic voice chat (in addition to text chat and
instant messaging), featuring 3–D–mapped voice with audio focusing capabilities and speech
gestures. As a user walks around someone who is speaking to them in Second Life, they will hear
the voice move around in 3–D, based on where they are relative to that

Online College vs. Traditional College
Online College versus Traditional College Elizabeth Barben ENC 1101–22 Professor Jodie Brown
February 18, 2012 Online College versus Traditional College Frustrated with current career options,
considering a major career change or simply having a zest for learning sparks many adults to earn
their Bachelor's degree. Years ago, the only way to earn a degree was within the confines of a brick
and mortar classroom. Today, one can earn a degree from an institution 3000 miles away, from the
comfort of one's own home! While classroom learning is always an option, many are finding it
much easier to maintain their family, their career and pursue a college career at the same time by
pursuing a degree via online learning. Learning via traditional classroom or online is a financial,
strategic and personal decision for each student. This paper will compare and contrast these two
options as well as provide a discussion on the merits and drawbacks of both. I contend that for many
adults, online learning is the practical way to earn a degree while still maintaining their current
lifestyle. Without the option of online learning, many adults would find it logistically challenging to
return to school, stalling their opportunity to earn a degree. Contrary to what some may believe,
online learning doesn't equate to less work nor are the standards any lower than what one would
expect from a traditional classroom environment. Online learning simply refers to the way in which
the content

Case Study: Student Communication in Online Classes
Cost and convenience entice increasing numbers of students to pursue their higher education goals
through online classes. One type of student is problematic for instructors as well as for peers who
depend on classmates to participate meaningfully on discussion boards and contribute fully to group
projects. The "read–only" student is one who participates minimally and appears to skim over
postings, contributing little substance (e.g., "I agree," or "Good point"). There is often the perception
by other students that the "read–only" student is not doing his/her fair share and is not a full member
of the online community. Nagel, Blegnaut and Cronje (2009) sought to investigate participation
levels in online courses and whether learning took place among "lurkers" –– students who did not
appear to be fully engaged in the course, as indicated by their minimal online presence. Research
shows that online participation is essential to successful course completion and that better cognitive
outcomes occur when students are engaged and are part of a collaborative learning community
(Nagel, Blignaut, and Cronje, 2009, p. 38). The authors' study followed participants of one web–
based course and attempted to correlate successful completion of the course with degree of
participation. As expected, the authors found the more successful students were the ones who spent
more time online reading course materials and reading and posting on the discussion board. Students
with a high level of

Development Of Information Communication Technology
Introduction
The progressive advances in technology have resulted in remarkable life–style change. This has
particularly impacted the education system, traditional educational approaches, which were focused
at the classroom were very limiting due to the extensive curricula. Time allocated to individual
classes is not enough for teachers to explain all the content, to solve case studies and to teach
students skills, such as oral and written communication, critical and creative thinking, group work,
and a usage of new learning technologies.
Development of Information Communication Technology (ICT) has added a new aspect to the
learning process and made virtual–learning a feasible learning option. Virtual–learning presents an
alternative for students and helps them find a balance between private life, career, and further
education since it is dynamic and an enriching form of learning. It also offers both individual
learning experiences and opportunities to collaborate.
Knowledge and skills for innovative and complex problem solving within multidisciplinary
environments can be acquired through non–traditional learning methods which include a concept of
learning through problem solving, and collaborative and virtual learning. According to (Benbunan–
Fich and Hiltz, 2003), collaborative learning has been found to significantly enhance the learning
process and student participation. Studies have demonstrated that collaborative learning results in
higher achievement and

The Virtual And Physical Classroom
As a society increasingly dependent on technology in countless aspects of daily life, students and
educators have been naturally led to the question of technology's role in education. Virtual education
has divided those who ponder its legitimacy, with most being educators who are directly affected by
virtual learning. Advocates argue that the approach is convenient, opportunistic, and effective.
Critics of e–learning emphasize the importance of face–to–face contact and accountability. At the
root of these arguments is this basic question: how authentic is the virtual world? Can we gain
anything of value that can be applied to real life when we sit behind a screen? As American citizens
spend hours with devices daily, this is a question that desperately needs to be answered. As Dr. J.B.
Arbaugh acknowledges in his comparison of the virtual and physical classroom, there are two
dimensions to a classroom that need to be evaluated when considering its effectiveness. Exam
performance is important because it shows the the students are comprehending the information, and
participation is important because it shows that the students can apply the information to their own
interactions (Arbaugh). In his study he put two classes side by side that had the same course material
and instructor but was either virtual or traditional in approach. He found that class participation
increased within the virtual classroom as more introverted people could more easily post comments
online rather

Virtual Learning Environments
Introduction
In the early days, education was available to those who were rich. Quite a large number of people
did not have the opportunity to learn. People learned in schools, colleges and universities. Because
of the advancement of the communication era anyone can learn anywhere anyplace anytime.
VIRTUAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
Learning is one of the most valuable skills that humans have, which is a continuous process.
Centuries ago people learned inside the walls of class rooms, buildings but in the 21st century the
way we learn or the environment we study are changing to VLE's or e–learning. Today people are
using digital platforms and modern ways to improve their learning.
"A virtual learning environment (VLE) is a set of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
E–learning leads to increased retention and a stronger grasp on the subject (Obringer). This is
because many elements are combines with video, audio, quizzes, interaction, etc. students tend to
get bored and find it uninterested when lessons were presented orally.
There are different ways VLE's can improve studying for distant Learners. Firstly, online
discussions and forums can be used for conversations and can be useful to exchange ideas between
other students. Questions can be posted in forums, and the "peers", "e–Tutor" and "facilitators" can
meet them online. For example, if a student has a doubt or something that is not understood, posting
it in the forums can be answered. These online tutors are pleased to provide feedback 24 hours.
Secondly the learning materials can be viewed and used online. It is more cost effective and
environment friendly as it reduces the consumption of papers. Thirdly the digital library can be
particularly useful for researching and information gathering provided by the college. This
electronic library can be accessed overseas and is an essential resource to students who are studying
in a Virtual learning environment. Furthermore, tutors can track the students' progress, Notice
boards and bulletin boards can be used to get lecturers posts, administrative information, class notes
or other material (resource.id5497).
There are other methods of studying that are

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Online Learning
The rise of technological advancements during the past century has introduced e–learning to the
extent that virtual learning has now become a trend. In fact, a common dilemma that new high
school graduates might go through is whether to physically attend university or to just take online
classes. It is an essential question to think about as both options have their advantages and
disadvantages. In such cases, students might tend to choose taking online courses rather than being
physically present in a university, since these online classes are more convenient in some situations.
However, convenience does not always mean good quality and traditional education is still more
effective than virtual education in terms of discipline, social interaction, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Bajerano (2008) emphasizes that interacting with other students and faculty in a regular context
influences the students' success and experience. Students who take online classes will miss out on
this interaction since the only way to communicate with the instructor will be via video and internet.
Consequently, they will not have the opportunity of seeing professors during their office hours and
ask about possible doubts that they could have (Bjerano, 2008). This may lead to an incomplete
understanding of the material. Another drawback of online classes is the inability of students to ask
the professor direct questions and not have the opportunity to work through any difficulties by
discussing learning concepts using the classroom board, for example. As a result, students would
probably rely on themselves to find the answers to such questions. Additionally, online learners
would not be able to avail of the on–campus learning centers in which students can discuss their
doubts; therefore, the students' understanding of the subject is reinforced (Bajerano, 2008).
Similarly, online learners would not be able to benefit from interacting with other peers because the
element of group work, which helps students keep up their learning motivation and gain assistance
while studying, would be

Advantages And Disadvantages Of E-Learning Management System
Abstract – E–learning provides the opportunity for student to interact electronically with each other
as well as with their teachers. This interaction can be via e–mail or on discussion board or in chat
rooms. This paper summary discuss about e–learning , its types and its benefits. Learning
Management System is the method of making platforms to implement e–learning, different LMS are
also compared. In this paper, two types of open source soft wares are also compared– Moodle and
dokeos. Moodle has the largest amount of a feature but is confusing for a beginner where as dokeos
is very attractive and user friendly but has no much features.
I. INTRODUCTION E–learning or educational technology is effective use of technological ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
lists of courses, registration, credit information and syllabus, pre–requisites,Teaching Materials, i.e.
courseware, Self–assessment quizzes, Lessons tools: Authoring for contents (structured XML or
HTML) and quizzing/testing (e.g. Java Script generators). Asynchronous Communication: email,
forums, Synchronous Communication: chat, whiteboard, teleconferencing, Student tools: Home
page, self tests, bookmarks, progress tracking, ....Student Management Tools: progress tracking etc
Usually LMS are closed circuit platforms (logins, restricted access to classes), so the idea of sharing
contents and reusing products generated during classes does not exist in the world of "LMSs".[6]
The key to understanding the difference between LMS and other computer education terms is to
understand the systemic nature of LMS. LMS is the framework that handles all aspects of the
learning process. An LMS is the infrastructure that delivers and manages instructional content,
identifies and assesses individual and organizational learning or training goals, tracks the progress
towards meeting those goals, and collects and presents data for supervising the learning process of
the organization as a whole.[7] There different learning management systems

Faculty Perceptions Of Satisfaction At A Small Research...
Theme 2: Faculty Perceptions of Satisfaction Attributed to the increasing demand for effective
virtual learning experiences in the realm of higher education, analyzing faculty members'
perceptions of satisfaction is equally as important as addressing student perceptions. Consequently,
during the last decade research focused on the perceived satisfaction of higher education virtual
instructors has increased tremendously (Bolliger & Wasilik, 2009; Hogan & McKnight, 2007;
Menchaca & Bekele, 2008; Panda & Mishra, 2007; Smidt, McDyre, Bunk, Li & Gatenby,
2014;Tanner et al., 2009). Analysis indicated the majority of factors affecting faculty satisfaction fell
into three general categories–Student–related factors, Instructor–related factors, and ... Show more
Instructors that provided timely feedback, monitored the online process, and supported student
motivation witnessed further increased levels of success thereby boosting satisfaction levels to an
even greater degree. Indeed, high satisfaction was directly related to student achievement
(Menchaca & Bekele, 2008). Instructor–related factors. Just as factors associated with the virtual
learners affected instructor satisfaction, instructor–related factors also influenced perceived
satisfaction. Much research has tied instructors' attitudes and beliefs to perceptions of satisfaction
(Bolliger & Wasilik, 2009; Menchaca & Bekele, 2008; Panda & Mishra, 2007). A key belief, which
led to increases satisfaction, was self–efficacy. Instructors who believed they could influence
positive student outcomes reported higher rates of satisfaction with the online learning experience
(Bolliger & Wasilik, 2009). Additional beliefs were tied to positive instructor satisfaction.
Instructors that believed virtual learning experiences provided rich resources for students and saved
time and effort indicated a higher satisfaction level (Panda & Mishra, 2007). Furthermore,
facilitators who believed the online platform allowed them to teach more efficiently and challenged
them intellectually experienced deeper satisfaction than those that questioned the quality of the
online learning environment

Disadvantages Of Virtual Learning Environment
The past decades were marked by the rapid development of the technology and the Internet. Such
rapid development has enabled the development of many other modern methods and approaches,
such as virtual learning environment (VLE), i.e. learning via the Internet []. A virtual learning
environment allows learners and all others engaged in education and teaching to free themselves
from the limitations of time and space, and carry out learning interactions in a flexible timeframe
and virtual sites that are not physically tied to one another. So, the VLE can be consider as a kind of
online learning platform which allows teachers to share educational materials with their students via
the web. Additionally, the development and presence of the computer ... Show more content on
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Due to that, the use of the VLE has increased and most of schools and universities now have a
functioning Virtual Learning Environment as a part of their teaching and learning programs. For
instance, even in primary and secondary schools the Internet–based activities are generally added to
enrich presently learning activities.
It is important to highlight the deference between the virtual learning environment and the virtual
campus, which people usually equate. The virtual campus relates just to the University courses,
while the virtual learning environment relates to many other sectors. Also, if we are talking about
the VLE intended just for the university education, the virtual campus covers a set of courses which
is in the most of cases the whole education course which ends with diploma, while the virtual
learning environment can be employed even for smaller parts of the education

Essay about Virtual Situated Learning Environment (VSLE)
There is a embarrassment of changes facing society as new interactive communication knowledge
accelerates the achievements of economies of depth. of knowledge holds considerable untapped
potential for performance gains". the workplace as being a stable place in a single central location,
with "normal" daily hours confined to 9–5 daylight hours, is being replaced by global organizations
(through globally positioned parts of the business, global outsourcing, and/or global supply chains)
and global communication networks (email, global "blogs", diaries, The new global workplace
requires managers factor of production, knowledge, and thus managers "manage" by the consent of
the assist the growing number of "knowledge workers" to handle a large ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Despite criticism that the on–line learning environment has the potential to return carefully, the on–
line environment it does provide opportunities to design a learning on designing on–line learning
opportunities that are "cheaper" rather than adding value and value–adding on–line learning
opportunities that do more than deliver information to use the on–line learning environment to
network, share their tacit knowledge, and engage in continuous learning, particularly those located
in global workplaces. This learning environment to a focus on re–designed management learning
opportunities that opportunities need to cater for the time and place requirements of the global
manager. VSLE can be designed to be accessible by all managers at all times and from all parts
The focus in this section is on how the on–line environment can be used to design designed to
complement rather than replaced the F2F learning environment, and thus our conclusions can only
relate to this mixed learning environment. other a practicing manager working as a

Exploiting Three Dimensional Virtual Worlds For Learning...
Exploiting Three Dimensional Virtual Worlds for Learning Languages
Name
Institution's Name
Date
ABSTRACT
Three–dimensional (3D) virtual worlds, being one of the current contributions to the swift growing
technology, have attracted a significant attention among teachers of language due to their role in
serving as interactive learning tools as far as online education of languages is concerned around the
globe. For instance, by March 2007, an estimate of over 200 universities and other academic
institutions was reported to use Second Life (Cooke–Plagwitz, p. 548).On the same note, the Linden
Lab vice president of Platform and Technology Development, Joe Miller, further claimed in 2009
that learning of language was the most influential education–based activity in Second Life.
This very study will therefore purpose to find out how the social and cultural aspects of teaching and
learning ESL/EFL come out in 3D virtual worlds. It will also seek to find out how such teaching and
learning activities are perceived by their respective tutors, adapting their methods and practices of
teaching as well as tailoring ESL/EFL course outlines and contents.
To realize this goal, using a qualitative research framework, a vast comprehension of 3D virtual
world educational activities is targeted to be presented. As a result, through observation in Second
Life, data for 5 online ESL/EFL teachers is used to bring out the result required.
The results depict that, apart from supporting and

The Use Of Computer Technology In Computer Science
INTRODUCTION
The use of computer technology in computer science fields dates back to the 80s, but recent years
have seen the two become almost completely dependent on one another. Many computer scientists
rely on computer software in order to ensure accuracy in their projects. Similarly, many new
software development projects keep computer applications in mind during their development. Young
computer scientists looking to put themselves on the fast track to success would benefit greatly from
learning computer technology and science applications relevant to their field.
TECHNOLOGIES USED IN COMPUTER SCIENCE
Virtual Learning Environment
A virtual learning environment (VLE), also known as a learning platform, simulates a virtual
classroom or meetings by simultaneously mixing several communication technologies. For example,
web conferencing software such as GoToTraining, WebEx Training or Adobe Connect enables
students and instructors to communicate with each other via webcam, microphone, and real–time
chatting in a group setting. Participants can raise hands, answer polls or take tests. Students are able
to whiteboard and screencast when given rights by the instructor, who sets permission levels for text
notes, microphone rights and mouse control.
A virtual classroom provides the opportunity for students to receive direct instruction from a
qualified teacher in an interactive environment. Learners can have direct and immediate access to
their instructor for instant feedback and

A Case for Student Communication in Online Classes
Read–only participants: a case for student communication in online classes L. Nagela*, A.S.
Blignautb and J.C. Cronje´ c aUniversity of Pretoria, South Africa; bNorth–West University, South
Africa; cCape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa (Received 5 April 2007; final
version received 25 May 2007) The establishment of an online community is widely held as the
most important prerequisite for successful course completion and depends on an interaction between
a peer group and a facilitator. Beaudoin reasoned that online students sometimes engage and learn
even when not taking part in online discussions. The context of this study was an online course on
web–based education for a Masters degree in computer–integrated ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Clark and Feldon (2005) concluded that a facilitator who participates and interacts with students
prevents them from abandoning their course. Better cognitive outcomes occur when students engage
and form a virtual community of learners. The development of a community depends on online
interaction with their peers and the facilitator. Learner satisfaction, perseverance, and cognitive
outcomes characterize the formation of a virtual learning community. Some contest participation as
a prerequisite to learning, claiming students learn sufficiently by observation (Beaudoin, 2002;
Sutton, 2001), and lobby for leniency towards lurking or read–only participation. This article
responds to Beaudoin's (2002) article ''Learning or lurking? Tracking the 'invisible' online student.''
He reasoned that students sometimes engage and learn even when not taking part in online
discussions with faculty and other students and showed that low profile students: spend a significant
amount of time in learning–related tasks, including logging on, even when not visibly participating,
and they feel they are still learning and benefiting from this low–profile approach to their online
studies. (p. 147) We investigated the importance of student online ''visibility'' apparent in the
quantity and quality of participation. We explored as a case study the successful completion of a
postgraduate online course by asking the following research questions. (1) How did online

The On Liberty And The Pursuit Of Happiness
In the United States, we really put an emphasis on liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It is one of
our founding principles; however, in some areas, we seem to want to limit that. For example, in our
education system, our society has been arguing for quite some time about whether or not there
should be options or whether everyone should be required to attend the standard brick–and–mortar
public schools. While those schools serve a critical purpose in our society, that does not mean that
other types of schools are worthless. Because we are all different, we need to value and provide
options in our education.
Not every person learns in the same way. Our brains process things differently, and our personalities
can be vastly different. Trying to make every student conform to the same way of learning is like
trying to fit a circle in a square peg; it does not work. According to the National Science Teachers
Association, "Students actually learn best through various styles: personal meaning, conceptual
learning, how things work, and self–discovery." The article goes on to say that those who learn by
personal meaning process things well using discussion, while those who learn best by conceptual
learning are more solitary. As you can see, the former would probably do well in group learning;
however, the latter may benefit from being at home or in a solitary environment. Some kids might
like to learn with hands–on learning while others like to learn from books.

Virtual Schooling For K 12
Virtual School Consultant Project
Virtual schooling for K–12 is the biggest trend in education today and is focus on supplemental and
blended learning environments that happens in conjunction with face–to–face learning. According to
the September 2011 Issue Brief on Virtual Charter Schools ' blended learning is the focal point of
innovation and experienced the most significant growth in virtual schools. Students' gravitation to
fully online learning, at this time, is limited; consequently, supplemental or fulltime programs are
the most common schools in Maryland and was the basis of this recommendation (Babour, n.d.).
XYZ is a district school in Maryland and has experienced a declining dropout rate based on an
Annie Casey Foundation Study (2014), and as a result employed the services of a consultant to
create a virtual school that offers supplemental programs through a virtual learning environment.
The program/ school offering student service similar to Obridge in Massachusetts. The areas the
consultant explored included policy, structure, funding, course development, and possible barriers.
Policy
Policy standards are essential in regulating and ensuring that students thrive in the K–12 virtual
classroom, in college, and in his/her career choice; therefore, our educational system must
continuously develop and embrace the very best practices, policies, and ideas and the State
regulating agency must implement policies that are comprehensive and inclusive to all

Disadvantages Of Vl
knowledge (Arkorful & Abaidoo, 2015). The virtual learning made it possible to connect ideas even
worldwide because of social media or internet. Hence the main purpose of VL is knowledge
development that is very relevant in the classroom or even off campus like independent learning at
home. If the teacher is not available during the class or the students, the teacher can send the
instructional materials and can learn and interact with each other. These are some sources needed for
both teachers and students to gain access information globally. In education VL is important. Some
of the pedagogical functions of the virtual–learning environment are reflected by the researchers and
defined it accordingly. It was mentioned from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Researchers that identify barriers to VL include the difficulty of the teachers in using VL. The
selectivity in ICT uses and read–only participants. Also, since there is no face–to–face interaction
the lack of trust in personal and institutional was a barrier (Fontainha & Gannon–Leary 2008).
Another barrier is the difficulty in implementing the teachers in using VL and technology. Some
teachers have lack of knowledge in using and manipulating the technology to apply the VL for
students hinders in using it. In the Philippine setting, the issue of lack of facilities which includes the
ICT or VL environment is very rampant, especially in the rural and suburban areas. Aside from the
insufficient funding and lack of resources. The major barrier or challenges for the teachers also is
the alignment of the concept in the lesson to the type of technology which will be used. Aside from
identifying the computer technology tools in teaching, the alignment and relevance of the learning
activities to the learners were the major problems in implementing virtual learning in the classroom
(So & Kim, 2013). Another barriers or disadvantages to using the VL environment is the lack of
interaction between the student and

Benefits Of Online Schooling
Benefits of Online Schooling Is online school a legitimate form of education? Are online classes
more or less effective than traditional classes? These questions are frequently asked by teachers,
students, and parents alike. The topic of online learning is frequently debated. Many people argue
that online classes are not viable; they're too impersonal, they give students too much leeway to
procrastinate. In reality, online classes are just as viable as traditional classes. In many cases, they
can actually be better–suited to the needs of students, due to increased flexibility and accessibility.
Furthermore, online classes can teach students essential life skills, and even improve their health and
performance. Overall, there are many benefits to taking online classes. Perhaps the biggest
advantage offered by virtual education is versatility. According to the 2011 CDW–G 21st Century
Campus Report, 71% of students agree that virtual learning provides increased flexibility to take
classes (Akanegbu, Anuli). Indeed, online classes provide students with unparalleled freedom.
Instead of being forced to sit at a desk all day, students can do their assignments anytime and
anywhere. They have the opportunity to take frequent breaks, stretch, eat, and build a comfortable
learning environment that is tailored to their needs. This can be life–saving for students. Notably,
online school can potentially prevent health problems caused by traditional school schedules. Early
school starts

The Impact Of Telecommunication Technology On Virtual...
Impact of Telecommunication Technologies on Virtual Universities
Shena D. Sterling
IX540: Research Methods for Education and Instructional Technology
Professor Kimberly Case
December 13, 2014
Introduction
Virtual Universities are on the rise and are a legitimate threat to replace the traditional University.
The most prominent reason for the current explosion in student enrollment in the virtual universities,
are advancements in telecommunications technologies. This paper presents a methodology for
quantitatively testing the relationship between growth in telecommunications technologies, and
parallel growth in student enrollment in Category 1, Title IV 2yr and 4yr degree granting distance
education programs recognized by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As advancements in telecommunications technologies go forward the costs associated with such
technologies have decreased while the benefits increased. New cutting edge technologies are always
priced at a premium when they are introduced into the market. As competitors enter the market the
cost of the technology gradually declines and demand rises following the law of demand.
In this project one of the major questions that must be answered is whether the value of low cost
distance education programs, supported by new and innovative telecommunication technologies, is
greater than the value of traditional educational programs costing much more. The researcher
proposes that the explosive growth in student enrollment in on–line programs answer this question
affirmatively. The researcher will use quantitative analysis to support the null hypothesis identified
in the document.
Within the context of this quasi–experimental study the researcher has carefully investigated the role
advancements in telecommunications technologies have played in the establishment and growth of
virtual universities in the U.S., the impact telecommunications technologies have had on Title IV,
Post–Secondary 2yr and 4yr degree granting colleges and universities, how the explosive growth in
on–line student enrollment has globally

Virtual Worlds From Three Supporting Areas Of Research

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