Violence Against Women & Violence Against Children - Points of Intersection
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Alessandra Guedes took part in a webinar convened by Promundo to discuss "Preventing Intergenerational Cycles of Violence" in the context of the 64th Session of the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women. Alessandra presented work on the points of intersection of violence against women and violence against children.
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Violence Against Women & Violence Against Children - Points of Intersection
- 1. Violence Against Women and Violence Against Children – The Points of Intersection Alessandra Guedes Manager, Gender and Development Research
- 2. Bridging the gaps: A global review of intersections of VAW and VAC 1 SHARED RISK FACTORS 2 SOCIAL NORMS 3 CO-OCCURRENCE 4 INTER-GENERATIONAL EFFECTS 5 COMMON & COMPOUNDING CONSEQUENCES 6 ADOLESCENCE
- 3. Collaborative solutions Implement and enforce laws Change social norms Coordinate prevention and response Integrate gender socialization into parenting and home visitation Integrate a gender perspective into microfinance programs
- 4. Key messages • One side does not need to “lose“ for the other to “win“ • “Coordination“ rather than “integration“ may be a good start • There may be valid reasons for vertical programs • Think of “improving the effectiveness of our programs“ rather than “doing additional work“ • Recognize that patriarchy is alive and well and that what brought us to these fields may lead to tension • Remember that “feminism“ is about “equality“ • Don‘t forget: all of us want children and women to be safe Area of overlapping interests “win-win” VAC VAW
- 5. Select UNICEF efforts to advance knowledge on intersections of VAW and VAC a. Develop a global research agenda on VAW/VAC intersections (with WHO and SVRI) b. Update global evidence review on coordinated approaches to address child maltreatment and intimate partner violence (with LSHTM) c. Develop internal guidance for UNICEF on intersections of CM and IPV d. Analyze co-occurrence of child maltreatment and intimate partner violence across 9 countries in Latin America e. Support East Asia and Pacific Region to finalize multi-country study on opportunities for coordinated efforts (with regional offices UNICEF, UNFPA and UN Women)
- 6. Additional opportunities to advance knowledge about VAW/VAC intersections a. Lancet Commission on Gender-Based Violence and Youth Maltreatment b. Child Maltreatment Journal Special Issue “The intersection of intimate partner violence and child maltreatment” – papers due 1 May 2020
- 7. Thank you Alessandra Guedes aguedes@unicef.org @Alesscguedes Reference: Alessandra Guedes, Sarah Bott, Claudia Garcia-Moreno & Manuela Colombini (2016) Bridging the gaps: a global review of intersections of violence against women and violence against children, Global Health Action, 9:1, 31516, DOI: 10.3402/gha.v9.31516 Peer-reviewed scientific article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4916258/ Summary of evidence: http://ovcsupport.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/VAW-VAC_Intersection_infographic.pdf
Editor's Notes
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- To start, we should implement and enforce laws that criminalize both forms of violence. High-income countries such as Australia and the US have been criticized for accusing women of failing to protect their children from abusive partners. Understanding the dynamics of abuse and co-occurrence could lead to better laws and protection for both women and children. When promoting efforts to change gender norms, we should target norms that deem both forms of violence as acceptable, including the acceptability of corporal punishment. Efforts should be made to improve collaboration between child protection services and services for women. As I’ve said before, providers should be prepared to recognize and respond to multiple forms of violence within families. We should also consider delivering joint prevention strategies. For instance, home visitation programs could assess for partner violence, as well as for child maltreatment. Parent training programs,, should integrate materials on gender socialization and more equitable treatment of boys and girls. Finally, school-based violence prevention programs should address multiple forms of violence.
- Historically, there’s a tendency for women to get the short end of the stick when our needs are put side by side with those of children. MCH offers a case in point. After not adequately accounting for women's’ needs, MCH programs have had to look for ways to put the M back into MCH. So there are valid concerns amongst women’s groups and those working on VAW: will children’s rights take precedent? Will women’s needs be overlooked? And for those working on child protection, there is also a valid concern about ensuring that children's voices are heard and that services are adequately tailored to the needs of children and adolescents. But obviously, this should not be a zero sum game. It’s not a matter of one form of violence being more important than the other. Given the evidence, it seems as though we don’t really have a choice as to whether we coordinate work across these fields. If we are serious about ending violence against children and violence against women, what we need to do is figure out how to coordinate our efforts in an ethical, balanced and effective manner.
- I will share information on the Intersections between VAW and VAC Implications for policy and programs Risks of a combined agenda
- I will share information on the Intersections between VAW and VAC Implications for policy and programs Risks of a combined agenda
- And, before wrapping up, I want to say that, although this presentation has focused on the intersections between violence against women and violence against children, we also need to better understand how these manifestations of violence relate to other forms of violence, such as gang violence or organized crime. And we need to look for appropriate for opportunities to coordinate our efforts in those areas. Many thanks