1. Fish is a vital source of protein and nutrients for many people globally and in developing countries like Nigeria. However, fish supplies are declining while demand is rising with population growth.
2. Nigeria's domestic fish production cannot meet demand, resulting in imports to make up the shortfall. Various government initiatives and technologies have been introduced to support fish farmers but production remains low.
3. Factors contributing to low fish production in Nigeria include poor quality fish seeds, lack of information, high feed costs, traditional techniques, small farm sizes, inefficient resource use, and lack of infrastructure, credit, and equipment. Increasing fish farming is important to address malnutrition and food insecurity.
Ensuring Food Security by Reduction of Post-Harvest Fish Losses in Small-Scal...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
— This paper focus on types, causes and how post-harvest fish losses can be reduced in the artisanal fisheries sector to ensure food security and provision of adequate protein for the increasing population. Post-harvest fish loss is a serious threat to the artisanal fisheries sector which occurs from the capture to the final stage of marketing the product to the consumers. When fish undergoes microbiological decay, it leads to quality loss which results to depreciation in the market value. Consumption of such fish has adverse effect on human health; as a result of these, method of assessing post-harvest fish loss and ways of reducing it should be discovered in order to have good quality fish in abundance for the ever growing population and also improved livelihood of fisher folks.
This document discusses the importance of carp genetic resources in Asia. It notes that carp species make up a large portion of aquaculture production and protein intake in many Asian countries. Specifically, carp production has grown significantly from culture over the past few decades while capture from natural waters has declined. Currently, carp culture accounts for nearly half of all freshwater aquaculture production in Asia and over 15 million tons annually, demonstrating the economic and nutritional importance of carp species. The document argues that genetic improvement of carp species will be key to meeting the growing demand for fish in Asia in a sustainable manner.
1. Fish is a vital source of protein and nutrients for many people globally and in developing countries like Nigeria. However, fish supplies are declining while demand is rising with population growth.
2. Nigeria's domestic fish production cannot meet demand, resulting in imports to make up the shortfall. Various government initiatives and technologies have been introduced to support fish farmers but production remains low.
3. Factors contributing to low fish production in Nigeria include poor quality fish seeds, lack of information, high feed costs, traditional techniques, small farm sizes, inefficient resource use, and lack of infrastructure, credit, and equipment. Increasing fish farming is important to address malnutrition and food insecurity.
Food security and international fisheries management RMIT University
This document discusses international fisheries management and food security. It begins by covering the FAO's vision of sustainable food and agriculture, including its key principles and goals related to ending hunger and malnutrition, doubling agricultural productivity, ensuring sustainable food production systems, and conserving genetic diversity. It then discusses the status of world marine resources and fish as a source of protein globally before introducing regional fisheries management organizations and their role in managing tuna stocks and adopting conservation measures.
Fish farming is an important industry in Nigeria but it requires careful planning and management to succeed. Some key points:
- Fish farming provides economic benefits like jobs, income, and foreign exchange, but is not a quick way to get rich. Success requires learning best practices over time.
- Factors that can lead to failure include poor site selection, design flaws, lack of market research, inadequate funding plans, and not employing qualified staff.
- The document outlines common reasons for fish farming failure, such as improper feeding, absentee ownership, and not understanding management needs. It provides best practices to help farmers plan effectively and avoid typical pitfalls.
Role of Coastal & Marine aquaculture in the Blue Economic development of Bang...jubaermolla
The document discusses the role of coastal and marine aquaculture in Bangladesh's blue economy development. It outlines that coastal aquaculture includes shrimp, prawn, seaweed and oyster farming. Shrimp farming contributes significantly to exports and livelihoods. While coastal aquaculture has grown, challenges remain like habitat destruction, soil acidification, and lack of planning. However, there is potential to develop new species and sustainable systems to further contribute to the economy and food security, if issues are addressed. Coastal aquaculture plays an important role in Bangladesh's blue economy that can be expanded.
Ensuring Food Security by Reduction of Post-Harvest Fish Losses in Small-Scal...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
— This paper focus on types, causes and how post-harvest fish losses can be reduced in the artisanal fisheries sector to ensure food security and provision of adequate protein for the increasing population. Post-harvest fish loss is a serious threat to the artisanal fisheries sector which occurs from the capture to the final stage of marketing the product to the consumers. When fish undergoes microbiological decay, it leads to quality loss which results to depreciation in the market value. Consumption of such fish has adverse effect on human health; as a result of these, method of assessing post-harvest fish loss and ways of reducing it should be discovered in order to have good quality fish in abundance for the ever growing population and also improved livelihood of fisher folks.
This document discusses the importance of carp genetic resources in Asia. It notes that carp species make up a large portion of aquaculture production and protein intake in many Asian countries. Specifically, carp production has grown significantly from culture over the past few decades while capture from natural waters has declined. Currently, carp culture accounts for nearly half of all freshwater aquaculture production in Asia and over 15 million tons annually, demonstrating the economic and nutritional importance of carp species. The document argues that genetic improvement of carp species will be key to meeting the growing demand for fish in Asia in a sustainable manner.
1. Fish is a vital source of protein and nutrients for many people globally and in developing countries like Nigeria. However, fish supplies are declining while demand is rising with population growth.
2. Nigeria's domestic fish production cannot meet demand, resulting in imports to make up the shortfall. Various government initiatives and technologies have been introduced to support fish farmers but production remains low.
3. Factors contributing to low fish production in Nigeria include poor quality fish seeds, lack of information, high feed costs, traditional techniques, small farm sizes, inefficient resource use, and lack of infrastructure, credit, and equipment. Increasing fish farming is important to address malnutrition and food insecurity.
Food security and international fisheries management RMIT University
This document discusses international fisheries management and food security. It begins by covering the FAO's vision of sustainable food and agriculture, including its key principles and goals related to ending hunger and malnutrition, doubling agricultural productivity, ensuring sustainable food production systems, and conserving genetic diversity. It then discusses the status of world marine resources and fish as a source of protein globally before introducing regional fisheries management organizations and their role in managing tuna stocks and adopting conservation measures.
Fish farming is an important industry in Nigeria but it requires careful planning and management to succeed. Some key points:
- Fish farming provides economic benefits like jobs, income, and foreign exchange, but is not a quick way to get rich. Success requires learning best practices over time.
- Factors that can lead to failure include poor site selection, design flaws, lack of market research, inadequate funding plans, and not employing qualified staff.
- The document outlines common reasons for fish farming failure, such as improper feeding, absentee ownership, and not understanding management needs. It provides best practices to help farmers plan effectively and avoid typical pitfalls.
Role of Coastal & Marine aquaculture in the Blue Economic development of Bang...jubaermolla
The document discusses the role of coastal and marine aquaculture in Bangladesh's blue economy development. It outlines that coastal aquaculture includes shrimp, prawn, seaweed and oyster farming. Shrimp farming contributes significantly to exports and livelihoods. While coastal aquaculture has grown, challenges remain like habitat destruction, soil acidification, and lack of planning. However, there is potential to develop new species and sustainable systems to further contribute to the economy and food security, if issues are addressed. Coastal aquaculture plays an important role in Bangladesh's blue economy that can be expanded.
This document summarizes global aquaculture trends. Key points include:
1) Aquaculture contributes over 40% of aquatic food and is dominated by Asia, led by China. Production has grown at around 6% annually but is slowing.
2) Species are diverse but a few dominate, including carp, tilapia, shrimp and salmon. Freshwater ponds and tanks produce over half of supply.
3) Future growth will require expansion into new environments, further intensification and efficiency gains to ensure sustainability and competitiveness. Dependence on external feeds and resources is a major issue going forward.
Presentation delivered on the occasion International Conference Growth in Blue Bio-economy, held in
NORDIC HOUSE • TÓRSHAVN FAROE ISL ANDS • 2-3 JUNE 2015
Linkage between Small-Scale Aquaculture and Rural Households’ Socio-Economic ...Premier Publishers
The contribution of aquaculture, an emerging sector of agriculture in Cameroon aiming at poverty alleviation and food security has hardly been evaluated. Therefore, to measure the effect of aquaculture (small scale fish pond farming); a survey was conducted on 150 fish farmers between December 2016 to February 2017 in rural towns of three provinces (Littoral, Central and Western) in Cameroon. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used at community and household levels to explore potential of small scale fresh water fish farming on households’ food and nutrition security, poverty alleviation and economic development. The results showed that aquaculture contributes to reduction of unemployment and fish rearing has substantially positive impact on food security in rural households of the three provinces. Association between socio-economic characteristics and participation in fish farming was varied, there was statistically significant relationship between gender, age, employment status, education level, marital status and withdrawal from fish farming. Numerous challenges exist that has impact on small-scale fish farming in the regions surveyed. Since most rural poor households rely on small-scale fish farming for income, more concerted and coherent efforts from government agencies, individual farmers and relevant institutions are vital to increase food security and lower rural poverty.
Aquaculture for food and nutrition security in Timor-Leste: Challenges and op...WorldFish
The document outlines Timor-Leste's national aquaculture strategy from 2012-2030. The strategy aims to (1) contribute to food and income security through expanding aquaculture, (2) increase annual per capita fish consumption from the current 6.1kg to 15kg by 2030, and (3) bridge the future fish demand-supply gap. Key elements of the strategy include identifying suitable zones for aquaculture, improving yields, strengthening the National Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture's capacity, and developing sustainable partnerships between stakeholders. The strategy implementation is a priority led by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries with support from donors, NGOs, and the private sector.
Small Indigenous Fish Species in India: Role in Food Security and Poverty All...WorldFish
This document discusses the role of small indigenous fish species (SIFs) in food security and poverty alleviation in India. It notes that SIFs make up a large portion of India's freshwater fish biodiversity and are rich in nutrients. However, their potential remains underutilized. The document outlines several government schemes that include SIFs as part of overall strategies to increase fish production in India. It also identifies areas that require further action, such as organizing and regulating the SIF fishery sector, building capacity around SIFs, documenting their nutrient profiles, and relating SIF consumption to health outcomes. The potential of SIFs to meet future demand and address malnutrition is high given India's extensive small water bodies,
The Influence Of Socio-Economic Characteristics on Consumers’ Preference on F...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
This document summarizes a study that examined the influence of socio-economic characteristics on fish purchasing preferences of consumers in Yola North Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study found that the majority of fish consumers were between 41-50 years old, married, had secondary or tertiary education, lived in households of 4-6 people, and had occupations as civil servants or traders. Most consumers purchased smoked and fresh fish from retailers. Higher-income consumers that ate fish 4-7 times per week comprised the majority. Regression analysis showed that age, education level, income, and household size significantly affected the amount spent on fish. The study recommends improving infrastructure and supporting fish farmers to increase production to meet demand.
International trade in fish and fish productionFAO
This document summarizes the key trends in global fisheries and aquaculture production and trade based on a presentation given at the 2015 Mexico City Forum on Fisheries and Aquaculture. It finds that: (1) total fisheries production has stabilized over the last 20 years but production has shifted from developed to developing countries; (2) overfishing remains a problem though it has stabilized; and (3) aquaculture production has overtaken capture fisheries production and is centered in Asia. It also notes that international fish trade has expanded significantly but growth is slowing. The document identifies the main challenges going forward as improving sustainable aquaculture and small-scale fisheries management in developing countries.
Fisheries, food security and our commitments on oceans and seasFAO
This document discusses global commitments related to oceans, fisheries, food security, and sustainable development. It notes that over the last 30 years, there have been 80 commitments made in these areas through various summits and agreements. However, 840 million people still suffer from hunger worldwide. The document outlines FAO's strategic goals of eradicating hunger and malnutrition, eliminating rural poverty, and sustainably managing natural resources. It discusses challenges for fisheries and aquaculture related to resource management, habitat destruction, and socioeconomic issues. The concept of "Blue Growth" is introduced to contribute to food security and poverty alleviation through sustainable use of aquatic resources.
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES AND MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES AND THEIR AMELIOR...apaari
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES AND MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES AND THEIR AMELIORATION COUNTRY STATUS REPORT: BHUTAN by Gopal Prasad Khanal Presented during the Regional Workshop on Underutilized Fish and Marine Genetic Resources and their Amelioration, 10-12 July 2019, Location: Colombo, Sri Lanka
In terms of global ranking, in 2008, India was second to China in total fish production; sixth in marine and inland capture fisheries (after China, Peru, Indonesia, USA, Japan); third in inland capture fisheries (after China and Bangladesh) and second in aquaculture (after China).
A comparative study of food security in Africa amid growing populationHakeemSulaimon1
Using trend analysis, this study is an attempt to compare the nature of food security from 2000 to 2014 in Nigeria to selected African countries in each region
The document provides information about the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. It summarizes FAO's history, mission, strategic objectives, work areas, and challenges. Key points include: FAO was established in 1945 and works to end hunger and poverty; its strategic objectives are to support sustainable agriculture and reduce rural poverty; work areas include providing expertise, policy advice, and field projects; challenges include feeding a growing population, climate change, and degrading resources.
Fisheries and aquaculture are receiving increasing attention, not only because they represent an important source of livelihoods and food, but also because of our increasing understanding of aquatic ecosystems.
Many fish stocks are currently overexploited, and the international nature of the resources makes them difficult to manage. Is the current food supply in danger?
C:\Documents And Settings\User\Desktop\Asean Traning\Vietnam Paper Mar ARidzaludin
Singapore has a small but strategically important aquaculture industry that produces about 5% of the country's fish consumption. Land-based farms produce freshwater species like snakehead and tilapia, while coastal farms in netcages along the Johor Straits produce high-value marine species like seabass, groupers, and snappers. The Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore regulates aquaculture through farm licensing and guidelines. While live seafood fetches high prices, vacuum-sealed chilled and frozen products also contribute significantly to the economy. Constraints to sustainable development include reliance on wild seed stock; the Marine Aquaculture Centre is working to close reproductive cycles and produce seeds commercially.
1. The chapter outlines the methodology used in the study, including the theoretical framework of cost-benefit analysis. Cost-benefit analysis attempts to quantify the total social costs and benefits of a project in monetary terms.
2. The study area is Akure metropolis in Ondo State, Nigeria. Specific fish farms will be studied.
3. The sampling procedure will use purposive sampling to gather information from representative farms.
This document provides information about Vincent Chibueze Chimelue's 5-month industrial training report at the Economic Planning/Purchases Department of Nigerian Breweries PLC in Ibadan, Oyo State from June 18th to November 2nd, 2012. It includes details about the origin and history of Nigerian Breweries, their products, economic and social responsibilities, awards, and describes the functions and sections of the Economic Planning Department where Vincent completed his training. The document serves to summarize Vincent's experience and skills gained during the industrial training placement.
This document summarizes global aquaculture trends. Key points include:
1) Aquaculture contributes over 40% of aquatic food and is dominated by Asia, led by China. Production has grown at around 6% annually but is slowing.
2) Species are diverse but a few dominate, including carp, tilapia, shrimp and salmon. Freshwater ponds and tanks produce over half of supply.
3) Future growth will require expansion into new environments, further intensification and efficiency gains to ensure sustainability and competitiveness. Dependence on external feeds and resources is a major issue going forward.
Presentation delivered on the occasion International Conference Growth in Blue Bio-economy, held in
NORDIC HOUSE • TÓRSHAVN FAROE ISL ANDS • 2-3 JUNE 2015
Linkage between Small-Scale Aquaculture and Rural Households’ Socio-Economic ...Premier Publishers
The contribution of aquaculture, an emerging sector of agriculture in Cameroon aiming at poverty alleviation and food security has hardly been evaluated. Therefore, to measure the effect of aquaculture (small scale fish pond farming); a survey was conducted on 150 fish farmers between December 2016 to February 2017 in rural towns of three provinces (Littoral, Central and Western) in Cameroon. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used at community and household levels to explore potential of small scale fresh water fish farming on households’ food and nutrition security, poverty alleviation and economic development. The results showed that aquaculture contributes to reduction of unemployment and fish rearing has substantially positive impact on food security in rural households of the three provinces. Association between socio-economic characteristics and participation in fish farming was varied, there was statistically significant relationship between gender, age, employment status, education level, marital status and withdrawal from fish farming. Numerous challenges exist that has impact on small-scale fish farming in the regions surveyed. Since most rural poor households rely on small-scale fish farming for income, more concerted and coherent efforts from government agencies, individual farmers and relevant institutions are vital to increase food security and lower rural poverty.
Aquaculture for food and nutrition security in Timor-Leste: Challenges and op...WorldFish
The document outlines Timor-Leste's national aquaculture strategy from 2012-2030. The strategy aims to (1) contribute to food and income security through expanding aquaculture, (2) increase annual per capita fish consumption from the current 6.1kg to 15kg by 2030, and (3) bridge the future fish demand-supply gap. Key elements of the strategy include identifying suitable zones for aquaculture, improving yields, strengthening the National Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture's capacity, and developing sustainable partnerships between stakeholders. The strategy implementation is a priority led by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries with support from donors, NGOs, and the private sector.
Small Indigenous Fish Species in India: Role in Food Security and Poverty All...WorldFish
This document discusses the role of small indigenous fish species (SIFs) in food security and poverty alleviation in India. It notes that SIFs make up a large portion of India's freshwater fish biodiversity and are rich in nutrients. However, their potential remains underutilized. The document outlines several government schemes that include SIFs as part of overall strategies to increase fish production in India. It also identifies areas that require further action, such as organizing and regulating the SIF fishery sector, building capacity around SIFs, documenting their nutrient profiles, and relating SIF consumption to health outcomes. The potential of SIFs to meet future demand and address malnutrition is high given India's extensive small water bodies,
The Influence Of Socio-Economic Characteristics on Consumers’ Preference on F...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
This document summarizes a study that examined the influence of socio-economic characteristics on fish purchasing preferences of consumers in Yola North Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study found that the majority of fish consumers were between 41-50 years old, married, had secondary or tertiary education, lived in households of 4-6 people, and had occupations as civil servants or traders. Most consumers purchased smoked and fresh fish from retailers. Higher-income consumers that ate fish 4-7 times per week comprised the majority. Regression analysis showed that age, education level, income, and household size significantly affected the amount spent on fish. The study recommends improving infrastructure and supporting fish farmers to increase production to meet demand.
International trade in fish and fish productionFAO
This document summarizes the key trends in global fisheries and aquaculture production and trade based on a presentation given at the 2015 Mexico City Forum on Fisheries and Aquaculture. It finds that: (1) total fisheries production has stabilized over the last 20 years but production has shifted from developed to developing countries; (2) overfishing remains a problem though it has stabilized; and (3) aquaculture production has overtaken capture fisheries production and is centered in Asia. It also notes that international fish trade has expanded significantly but growth is slowing. The document identifies the main challenges going forward as improving sustainable aquaculture and small-scale fisheries management in developing countries.
Fisheries, food security and our commitments on oceans and seasFAO
This document discusses global commitments related to oceans, fisheries, food security, and sustainable development. It notes that over the last 30 years, there have been 80 commitments made in these areas through various summits and agreements. However, 840 million people still suffer from hunger worldwide. The document outlines FAO's strategic goals of eradicating hunger and malnutrition, eliminating rural poverty, and sustainably managing natural resources. It discusses challenges for fisheries and aquaculture related to resource management, habitat destruction, and socioeconomic issues. The concept of "Blue Growth" is introduced to contribute to food security and poverty alleviation through sustainable use of aquatic resources.
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES AND MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES AND THEIR AMELIOR...apaari
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES AND MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES AND THEIR AMELIORATION COUNTRY STATUS REPORT: BHUTAN by Gopal Prasad Khanal Presented during the Regional Workshop on Underutilized Fish and Marine Genetic Resources and their Amelioration, 10-12 July 2019, Location: Colombo, Sri Lanka
In terms of global ranking, in 2008, India was second to China in total fish production; sixth in marine and inland capture fisheries (after China, Peru, Indonesia, USA, Japan); third in inland capture fisheries (after China and Bangladesh) and second in aquaculture (after China).
A comparative study of food security in Africa amid growing populationHakeemSulaimon1
Using trend analysis, this study is an attempt to compare the nature of food security from 2000 to 2014 in Nigeria to selected African countries in each region
The document provides information about the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. It summarizes FAO's history, mission, strategic objectives, work areas, and challenges. Key points include: FAO was established in 1945 and works to end hunger and poverty; its strategic objectives are to support sustainable agriculture and reduce rural poverty; work areas include providing expertise, policy advice, and field projects; challenges include feeding a growing population, climate change, and degrading resources.
Fisheries and aquaculture are receiving increasing attention, not only because they represent an important source of livelihoods and food, but also because of our increasing understanding of aquatic ecosystems.
Many fish stocks are currently overexploited, and the international nature of the resources makes them difficult to manage. Is the current food supply in danger?
C:\Documents And Settings\User\Desktop\Asean Traning\Vietnam Paper Mar ARidzaludin
Singapore has a small but strategically important aquaculture industry that produces about 5% of the country's fish consumption. Land-based farms produce freshwater species like snakehead and tilapia, while coastal farms in netcages along the Johor Straits produce high-value marine species like seabass, groupers, and snappers. The Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore regulates aquaculture through farm licensing and guidelines. While live seafood fetches high prices, vacuum-sealed chilled and frozen products also contribute significantly to the economy. Constraints to sustainable development include reliance on wild seed stock; the Marine Aquaculture Centre is working to close reproductive cycles and produce seeds commercially.
1. The chapter outlines the methodology used in the study, including the theoretical framework of cost-benefit analysis. Cost-benefit analysis attempts to quantify the total social costs and benefits of a project in monetary terms.
2. The study area is Akure metropolis in Ondo State, Nigeria. Specific fish farms will be studied.
3. The sampling procedure will use purposive sampling to gather information from representative farms.
This document provides information about Vincent Chibueze Chimelue's 5-month industrial training report at the Economic Planning/Purchases Department of Nigerian Breweries PLC in Ibadan, Oyo State from June 18th to November 2nd, 2012. It includes details about the origin and history of Nigerian Breweries, their products, economic and social responsibilities, awards, and describes the functions and sections of the Economic Planning Department where Vincent completed his training. The document serves to summarize Vincent's experience and skills gained during the industrial training placement.
Vivek Sharma is a final year student pursuing a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Radharaman Institute of Technology & Science in Bhopal. He has also completed a Bachelor of Science degree in Geology from B.N. College Patna and secondary education from B.N. Collegiate School in Patna.
Fish farming is an important economic activity in Nigeria. It provides food, income, employment, and foreign exchange. Some key points:
- Fish farming has grown 20% annually since 2003 and contributes to food security and nutrition in Nigeria. It accounts for 50% of animal protein consumption.
- Aquaculture helps diversify agriculture and generates income. Yields from fish farming exceed those from crop farming. It can integrate with irrigation schemes and other farms.
- While fish farming provides opportunities, it also faces challenges. These include the need for quality seed and feed, farmer education, and extension support. Some farmers fail due to lack of technical knowledge, improper feeding, and poor record keeping.
This document summarizes the 2013 progress report of the West African Agricultural Productivity Program (WAAPP) at the Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology (FCFFT) in Nigeria. The objectives of WAAPP included fingerlings research, brood stock development, fish feed research, and post-harvest technologies like processing. Activities involved surveys, demonstration centers, training farmers, and seminars. Specific activities included fish snacks and fermented fish training in several villages, pond construction, lime application, and sensory evaluations. The goal was to collaborate on aquaculture specializations like catfish and tilapia to improve productivity.
Several students from Selvamm Arts and Science College who are studying B.Sc. in Hotel Management & Catering Science are applying for 6-month trainee positions. In identical letters, each student introduces themselves, explains that training is required for their graduation, and asks to be considered for a trainee position where they will work to the company's satisfaction level over the summer period.
1) The document is a request letter from the Principal of Rajendra Mane College of Engineering and Technology to an organization requesting an in plant industrial training for a third year mechanical engineering student named Anirudha G. Mulgund.
2) The college encourages students to undergo in plant training to bridge the gap between industry and university curriculum and upgrade students' technical skills.
3) The Principal recommends Anirudha as a sincere, hardworking, and logical student and assures the organization he will maintain discipline and follow rules during his training.
Vivek Kumar completed an industrial training at CRISP Bhopal from [DATE]. The training focused on Java programming including topics like the Java platform, installing Java, configuring variables, writing and running Java programs, packages, classes and objects, inheritance, variables and methods, modifiers and import statements, interfaces, working with classes, and integrated development environments. Vivek thanks his teacher Mr. Amrit Singh and the lab assistant for their guidance during the training.
The document provides details about an industrial training report for a civil engineering student at Simplex Infrastructures Ltd. It summarizes a residential project called Hiranandini Lake Verandahs that Simplex is constructing. Key details include the location of the project, specifications of the 27-floor towers including number of flats and amenities, and descriptions of the construction processes for laying building slabs and columns. Photos supplement the summaries of construction steps.
1) The document discusses how human activities like agriculture, pollution, and urbanization impact soil arthropod communities.
2) Agriculture can lower diversity through monocropping and high-input methods, while moderate grazing and crop rotation can increase diversity. Invasive species and some management practices also negatively impact communities.
3) Pollution from chemicals, heavy metals, and increasing CO2 levels reduces abundance and shifts community compositions. Recovery times vary between species.
4) Effects of urbanization on soil arthropod communities are mixed - one study found no difference while another found native species loss over time.
Major sources and patterns of sectoral and regional demand for fish.pptxAYNALALU
Globally, fish consumption has increased significantly over the past 60 years, reaching 158 million tonnes in 2019. Asia accounts for 72% of global consumption, while consumption in Europe and the US has declined. Factors influencing consumption include increased supplies, changing preferences, income growth, and urbanization. Consumption patterns vary widely between coastal and inland regions, as well as across countries and cultures based on availability, taste preferences, and economic factors. Urban consumers prefer convenience products while rural consumers rely more on local fresh markets. Health and sustainability are increasingly important factors for consumers.
Aquaculture In Nigeria Sustainability Issues And ChallengesSarah Pollard
This document discusses aquaculture in Nigeria, including its sustainability issues and challenges. It notes that Nigeria has a large population and demand for fish that exceeds supply, and aquaculture production is increasing but not enough to meet demand. Some key issues discussed include the environmental impacts of aquaculture waste from fish farms, including excess nutrients from fish feed that can cause eutrophication if released into waterways. The document also examines the types of fish species farmed in Nigeria like catfish and tilapia, and some of the production systems used, noting that recirculating systems release less waste than other methods. Overall, the document analyzes the potential and challenges of aquaculture in Nigeria to help meet the country's
Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic plants. It involves cultivating these populations under controlled conditions. Aquaculture can take place in both freshwater and saltwater environments. It is considered a form of agriculture for aquatic species. Globally, aquaculture production supplies about one third of all fish for human consumption and its growth rate has averaged 8% annually for over 30 years. China is the world's largest aquaculture producer, accounting for 70% of global production in 2005.
Pacific Small Island Countries (PICs) are unique in terms of geographical location, isolated and have limited diversity of food. Fish is the main source of protein. Although the amount and type of fish consumed varies based on factors such as geographical location and socio-economic status. Average national fish consumption ranges between 55 kg to 110 kg per person per year. This is almost 3–6 times the average global consumption of <20 kg per person per year. There are few challenges including limited data on fish consumption trend, poor cold chain management, depletion of fish resources and food safety.
Determinants of Poverty Status among Small Scale Catfish Farmers in Ikorodu L...ijtsrd
This study investigates determinants of the poverty status among fish farmers in Ikorodu local government area of Lagos state. A multistage random sampling technique was used in selecting a total of 80 small scale catfish farmers in the study area. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentages and mean values. Logit regression model was used to analyze the determinants of the poverty status of the respondents in the study area. The study revealed that 71.25 of the fish farmers were male 43.75 of the fish farmers had a household size of between 6 10 67.50 of the fish farmers got credit from their personal funds the poverty line adopted for this study is N 4465.30 per month and 71.25 of the fish farmers are below the poverty line and thus they present the poor fish farmers in the study area. From the logit regression analysis, age, household size and years of experience were the major determinants of poverty status of the respondents in the study area. The result further revealed that some of the selected socio economic characteristics exhibited a significant relationship with the poverty status of the fish farmers. Hence, there is significant relationship between the poverty status of the fish farmers and their selected socio economic characteristics. The study therefore recommends the need for campaign and sensitization of rural households on family planning and child spacing techniques, so as to curtail excessive population growth. Adeleke O. A | Ajiboye Abiodun | R. O. Akintola | Fajobi, D. T | Adeleke, H. M "Determinants of Poverty Status among Small Scale Catfish Farmers in Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33007.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/economics/33007/determinants-of-poverty-status-among-small-scale-catfish-farmers-in-ikorodu-local-government-area-of-lagos-state-nigeria/adeleke-o-a
This document discusses approaches to securing the livelihoods and nutritional needs of fish-dependent communities given threats from overfishing, climate change, and habitat destruction. It finds that poor and vulnerable populations are most at risk, including one-third of fishers living below the poverty line. Current approaches discussed include alternative livelihoods programs, wealth-based approaches, aquaculture, and shared fisheries governance. Emerging trends observed include experimentation with market-based approaches, interest from new sources of capital, and adoption of a more holistic view integrating conservation, poverty, and food security. The document concludes there are opportunities to better integrate conservation with rights and support successful management regimes, women, innovative financing, and aquaculture
Singapore has a small but strategically important aquaculture industry that produces about 5% of the country's fish consumption. Land-based farms produce freshwater fish like snakeheads and tilapia, while coastal farms in netcages along the Johor Straits produce marine fish like seabass, groupers, and snappers. The Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore regulates aquaculture through farm licensing and quality control. While live seafood fetches high prices, vacuum-sealed chilled and frozen fish are also important economically. Constraints to sustainable aquaculture development include reliance on wild seed stock; the Marine Aquaculture Centre is working to close fish reproductive cycles and produce seeds commercially to
Aquaculture takes centre stage at MONACO BLUE INITIATIVE 2015 6TH EDITIONInternational Aquafeed
The last edition of the Monaco Blue Initiative (MBI) in Chile in 2014 questioned the status and feedback from aquaculture in America, towards a sustainable approach to its development.
Seafood includes fish and shellfish that are consumed by humans. Historically, sea mammals were also consumed but to a lesser extent now. Harvesting wild seafood is called fishing and farming seafood is called aquaculture. Seafood is an important source of protein worldwide. The health benefits of seafood are associated with fatty acids like EPA and DHA as well as reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. India has a large marine industry and is one of the top exporters of seafood globally but still has untapped potential for greater production and value-added products.
Krishna presented on the topic of aquaculture and its role in rural development. Some key points include: (1) Aquaculture is the fastest growing food sector and produced over 90 million tonnes globally in 2012, helping to meet the world's increasing demand for protein; (2) Aquaculture plays an important role in rural development by generating employment, utilizing waste, developing infrastructure, and empowering small farmers; (3) Aquaculture also improves nutrition and food security by providing affordable protein to poor communities through small backyard ponds and fish farming.
Rotifers are popularly called as wheel animalcules. They are an important group of live food organisms for use in aqua hatcheries. Brachionus, which is the most known form of all rotifers, serve as an ideal starter diet for early larval stages of many fish and prawn species in marine as well as freshwater. Species of the genus Brachionus (Brachionidae: Rotifera) are well represented in different water bodies worldwide (Pejler, 1977). Depending on the mouth size of the cultured organisms, small (50 to 110 micron length) or large (100 to 200 micron length) rotifers are used. There are about 2,500 species of rotifers have been known from global freshwater, brackish water, and seawater. B. plicatilis is the species used most commonly to feed fish larvae in hatcheries around the world. It is a euryhaline species, small and slow swimming, with good nutritional value. It is well suited to mass culture because it is prolific and tolerates a wide variety of environmental conditions. The rotifer, B. plicatilis and B. rotundiformis, have been indispensable as a live food for mass larval rearing of many aquatic organisms (Maruyama et al., 1997). By way of significant developments in larval rearing technology of fishes, demand for the rotifer is further increasing.
1) Global aquaculture production has more than doubled in the past 15 years, with Asia accounting for around 90% of production led by China.
2) However, the environmental impacts and reliance on wild fish inputs for feed vary greatly depending on the species farmed. Carnivorous species like salmon require large amounts of fish in their feed, whereas molluscs and herbivorous fish have lower impacts.
3) On average, farming carnivorous fish species requires nearly twice as much wild fish input in feed as the amount of farmed fish produced. Certain systems are more sustainable if they reduce reliance on wild fish in feed.
This document discusses shore-based aquaculture and mariculture. It notes that aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms and involves interventions to enhance production. Shore-based aquaculture farms aquatic organisms in coastal land-based facilities using brackish or salt water, while mariculture farms in open ocean waters using cages or rafts. Globally, aquaculture production has grown significantly and accounts for nearly half of total fish production, led by China. Common aquaculture species include carps, shrimp, salmon and various mollusks.
Freshwater aquaculture production has grown significantly worldwide in recent decades. The document discusses the definition and origins of aquaculture, noting that it originated much later than agriculture due to difficulties in appreciating aquatic environmental parameters. It provides statistics on global aquaculture production in 2009, with China as the top producer. The majority of production occurs in freshwater environments. Carps make up the largest portion by volume. India has considerable freshwater resources and biodiversity of cultured fish species, with carp culture being the main focus.
This presentation shows what is aquaculture, the different methods of aquaculture, and why aquaculture is important. Aquaculture benefits the oceans, economy, and environment. It maintains the health of our oceans, lessens the severity of overfishing, and reduces the transfer of diseases in sea creatures. It is a form of agriculture for those regions with poor soils and farming lands. In addition, aquaculture improves the health of the people by incorporating seafood into their diet.
“VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN MYANMAR” 3. chapter (3)Aung Lwin
The document discusses the history and development of Myanmar's fisheries sector. It notes that fisheries provide an important source of protein and livelihoods. The sector is managed by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation and the Department of Fisheries. Freshwater fisheries have historically focused on the country's extensive river systems. The sector has developed in recent decades, with aquaculture production growing dramatically after legal reforms in the 1990s. International organizations and the Myanmar Fisheries Federation also play roles in supporting the fisheries sector.
This document summarizes a study on the economic analysis of fish farming in Ijebu-East Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Some key findings include:
- Most fish farmers are male (72.5%) with a mean age of 41, and their primary occupation is farming (52.5%) or civil service (35%).
- The average stocking rate of fish farmers is 2,470 fingerlings per cycle, indicating medium-scale production.
- The average total cost was N231,205.75 while average total revenue was N453,562.75, yielding an average gross margin of N227,517.15 and net income of N222,357 per 1,000
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1. CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study.
Hunger and malnutrition remain amongst the most devastating problems facing the world poor
and needy (FAO, 2002). About 80 to 90 million people have to be fed yearly and most of them
are in the developing countries. The most reliable source of protein for many is fish, yet millions
of people who depend on fish are faced daily with the fear of food shortage (World fish center,
2009). With the population of Nigeria on the rise, there is a correspondingly increasing demand
for food and to obtain a good nutritive ration, the demand for fish protein is definitely going to
increase.
Increasing the per caput consumption of fish in any country benefits health. Fish and fish
products are known worldwide as a very important diet because of their high nutritive quality
and significance in improving human health (Amao et al., 2006). Fish plays a vital role in
feeding the world’s population and contributing significantly to the dietary protein intake of
billions of the populace (Amao et al., 2006). On a global scale, almost 16 percent of total
average intake of animal protein was attributable to fish in1988 (FAO, 1990). The Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO, 1991), recommended that an individual takes 35 grams per
caput of animal protein per day for sustainable growth and development. Fish which contributes
36.6 grams per day of net protein utilization in Nigerian homes is still below the recommended
requirement by the world health organisation (WHO) (Amao et al., 2006). However, the animal
protein consumption in Nigeria is less than 8 g per person per day, which is far lower than the
FAO minimum recommendation (Niang and Jubrin, 2001).
2. Fish and fish products provide more than 60% of the total protein intakes in adults especially in
the rural areas (Adekoya, 2004). Regrettably, the supply of food fish has been on the decline and
it is due to consistent declines from the country’s major source of food fish (Ugwumba and
Chukwuji, 2010). Domestic fish production is put at 551,700 metric tonnes as against the present
national demand of about 1.5 million metric tonnes estimated for 2007 (Osawe, 2007). The
shortfall is said to be abridged by the importation of 680,000 metric tonnes annually consuming
about N 50 billion in foreign exchange (Odukwe, 2007). In a meeting of the African Regional
Nutrition Strategy in 1993, Nigeria was included as one of the countries having the lowest daily
per capita supplies of between 70-90 percent of nutrition requirements (Amao et al., 2006).
Therefore, increasing fish production in Nigeria requires embarking on pond fish farming. This
has prompted the Federal Government of Nigeria to package the Presidential Initiative on
fisheries and aquaculture development in 2003 to provide financial and technical assistance to
government programmes and projects encouraging fish production (Ugwumba and Chukwuji,
2010). Similarly, the Imo State government created a fisheries component in their Agricultural
Development Programme with many technologies to support fish farmers in order to compliment
the Federal Government effort. Regardless these efforts of Government, fish production has
remained low in Nigeria (Ugwumba and Chukwuji, 2010). This has been attributed to inadequate
supplies from the local fish farmers due to the use of poor quality fish seeds, inadequate
information, high cost of feeds, traditional techniques, small size of holdings, inefficiency in
resource use, poor infrastructural facilities, lack of credit, high cost of industrial feed, lack of
extension agents, lack of veterinary doctors and lack of fish production equipment and low
capital investment (Adeogun et al., 2007; Inoni, 2007; Ugwumba and Nnabuife, 2008; Adinya
and Ikpi, 2008; Ugwumba and Chukwuji, 2010; Adinya et al., 2011; Madubuike, 2012).
3. The essentiality of protein in the human body cannot be underestimated. It is one of the major
nutrients that are crucial in diets especially for infants, young children and pregnant women. In
low-income countries staples such as rice, wheat, maize and cassava make up the bulk of the
food consumed by the people; this serves as their major energy and nutrients. Protein in itself is
found mainly in animals, poultry and some plants but some sources of these proteins such as
animals and plants are either too expensive or scarce. Hence, the cheapest source of protein
especially to the developing countries is fish.
Fish is acclaimed to be the principal source of animal protein for over one billion people globally
and provides many important nutritional and health benefits. Fish has the highest level of easily
metabolisable proteins; it is reputed for its high quality proteins, fats, vitamins, calcium, iron and
essential amino acids. The per caput consumption of animal protein in the country has been put
at 5gm per day. This is a far cry from the FAO’s recommended level of 35gm per day (Afolami
and Oladimeji, 2003). Fish farming is a profitable venture and it is rapidly expanding and it will
continue to be profitable if the planning and management are well taken care of.
World Fish Center (2009) estimates that fish provides 22 percent of the protein intake in SubSaharan Africa. Fish also supplies about 180 calories per capita per day. Fish is a vital element in
diets and its contributions to nutrients is also very crucial. Fish supplies Iron, Zinc, Calcium,
Iodine, Potassium, Vitamins A and B and fatty acids, which is necessary for the development of
the brain and the body.
As fish serves as a subsistence product and source of direct food security for fishing households,
the generation of incomes derived from wages as a result of fish trade is even more important as
4. an indirect contribution to food security as about 30 to 45 million people in Africa depend on
fish for their livelihood.
In analyzing fish trade, income generated from these has been very beneficial for the
development of the developing world as a whole and the international trade in fishery products.
Fish trade was birthed by small-scale integrated fish farming systems, which is mainly done in
the rural areas with crude implements.
According to Moses (1983), fish farming is the rational rearing of fish and other aquatic
organisms in man-made ponds, reservoirs, cages and other enclosures in lakes and coastal
waters. It is seen as one of the most ancient occupations of man.
Mathew (1992) defined fish farming (also known as aquaculture) as the art of cultivating the
natural produce of water; the raising or fattening of fish in enclosed ponds, or the rearing of
aquatic organisms under controlled or semi controlled condition.
Fish farming has a substantial history, though its exact origin is still not ascertained. It was
assumed that people who lived near water (streams, rivers, lakes and seas) learnt how to catch
fish at about the same time man began to hunt for animals on land. When it all started, the
catching implements (or gear) were such as arrows, spears and traps (which were also used in
hunting for animals). More specific implements were later developed for catching fish. Fishing
started in China and Egypt for more than 4000 years. The fishing year was accompanied by that
of the fishing craft. Fishing had to be carried out beyond the bank and shorelines and so arose the
necessity for some craft or vessel with which the fishermen could move into deeper waters. The
early fishing crafts were simple devices such as floating logs, bamboo, papyrus rafts and
calabash craft; canoes probably came later as an improvement on these.
5. The development of sophisticated fishing gear and improvement in vessel design and size were
followed by the improvement in fish detection methods or the invention of new fish finding and
detection equipments such as echo-sounders.
Fish farming came into existence as a result of the sudden depletion of fish. The supplies of fish
in the world’s vast ocean as well as numerous inland waters that once seemed inexhaustible have
almost been used up due to the worldwide population explosion and consequent overexploitation of almost any fishery around the globe. The global demand for fish in this recent
time is rising too fast to provide for the millions of people who rely on it as a basic foodstuff,
according to the BBC news. The World Fish and the International Food Policy Research Institute
estimated that fish production would have to double in the next 25 years to keep up with
population growth.
In Africa, fish farming is still insignificant at the global level and accounts for about 0.9 percent
of the total global aquaculture production. Research institutes have been promoting fish farming
within the context of integrated agriculture and began addressing socio-cultural and economic
factors that have been impeding countries like Malawi, Cote d’Ivoire, Egypt, Ghana, Nigeria and
Zambia.
Furthermore, historical analysis reveals that conventional fish farming was introduced in Nigeria
by Maclaren (1941) and the farm was sited in Ikoyi area of Lagos state between 1949 and 1953.
He established a modern fish farm in Jos, Plateau state of Nigeria. This opened the gateway for
modern fish farming in other states of the country (Ipinjolu, 1984). This later fell into two
distinct periods: 1950-1970 and 1970-1992. The first period popularized fish farming, while the
6. second period concentrated on the expansion and establishment of demonstrating fish farms in
addition to the bold attempts on reducing major constraints for rapid aquaculture development.
While people continued to exert pressure on the seas, oceans, rivers and local streams for fish,
cultural production of desired fish species went through a slow motion of industrialization in
Nigeria. Over the years, different governments in Nigeria have recognized the relevance of fish
farming but despite the several attempts made to boost their productivity through institutional
reforms and various fiscal and economic measures, the fisheries sector still shows a deficit in the
supply and demand of fish to the populace. It was also thought that the small-scale fish farm was
to be a temporary thing but it has come to stay as a permanent feature of the fisheries in the
developing nations worldwide (Nigeria inclusive). The shift from agricultural production to oil
exploration has accounted for a decline in fish production. It has resulted in billions of naira
being spent on the importation of frozen fish to meet Nigeria's increasing demand put at 1.5
million metric tones per annum whereas the domestic fish supply stands about 600,000 metric
tonnes (The Guardian 2005). The short fall has not been met even with importation. To this
effect, the Federal Government spends about N50 billion annually on the importance of frozen
foods so as to meet the need of its citizens.
In the bid to renovate and establish new fish farms, which has been seen by the government to be
lucrative, it was discovered that about 59 government (state and federal) fish farms have been
abandoned due to the fact that government has limited resources to properly manage and sustain
the facilities in place. Some of these fish farms include:
The Kano State Bagauda fish farm
The Oluponna Federal fish hatchery and farm, Osun state
7. Panyam fish farm, Plateau state
Oris Aquatics, Lagos state.
Lagos state as one of the centre states in Nigeria is endowed with 144,877 hectares of swamp
much more amenable to aquaculture. About 120 hectares of this have been converted to fish
farms and only 40% of these farms are in production are in production presently. The others are
still under construction or have been abandoned due to poor management; land distinctly suitable
for aquaculture is priced out of the reach of small fish farmers. Affordable alternatives are
invariably covered with sandy topsoil, less than 30% clay content and they are in close proximity
with poor quality water which is not particularly suitable for fish farming such that of all the fish
farms in the state ranging between 0.1 and 1.0 hectares, few are truly commercial in size and
over 90 of all fish farms are located in Badagry area of the state where apparently land is
comparatively cheaper as at now.
However, farm output is not adequately recorded, neither is marketing systemized thus records
and quantification of production and profitability of each fish farm made reliable fish farm
analysis production analysis different in the past. The coming of technology has however
improved production skills and awareness of record keeping for easy quantification of profits
especially in the area of continuous culture, thereby leading to positive results (BBC News).
1.2 Statement of the problem.
NIGERIA is one of the largest importers of food in the world today. In 2010 alone, it spent 97
billion naira on the importation of fish among other foods they import. This is not regarding the
marine resources, rivers, lakes, creeks and good climate and numerous fish farmers we are
8. blessed with. This is not fiscally, economically or politically sustainable. Nigeria is obviously
eating beyond its means. (Dr Akinwunmi Adesina 2013 unlocking Nigeria’s agricultural
potential to create wealth) while we smile as we consume frozen fish every day, the Nigerian fish
farmers cry because the importation of fish undermines their production.
In Nigeria today, the issue of malnutrition and poverty is on the rise, hence the need for the
provision of adequate food and nutrient especially protein for the rising population. Over 90
percent of the domestic fish supply emanate from fishing in natural waters (Tabor, 1984). Fish
farming entails the use of skills and a game of chance. Attention is now shifting to the rearing of
fish in the environment, which can be controlled with ease.
The aquaculture statistics according to the FAO (2010) reports that fish farming is on the
increase; the fish farmer is becoming an important feature in the whole agricultural production.
The desire to know how productive he can be with the resources at his disposal is the entire
focus. Hence, the study intends to provide information on the resources put together as
productive inputs and the revenue to be derived. Greater improvement in fish production can be
achieved with a proper analysis that will lead to knowledge of the effect of productive inputs on
output of pond fish farming and constraints to pond fish production which constitute the basis for
this study.
1.3 Objective of the study.
The main objective of this study is
To appraise the costs incurred and the benefits derived from fish farming for the proper
assessment of the enterprise’s profitability.
To analyze the costs and benefits of fish farming with earthen ponds long side with
concrete tanks.
9. To identify the most profitable method of fish farming
1.4 Research Questions.
The research questions in this study include the following:
a) What are the necessary costs to be incurred in setting up a fish farm?
b) What are the benefits to be derived from setting up this business?
c) Is fish farming truly viable?
d) Does the fish farming method affect the yield and profitability of the farmers?
e) What method of fish farming is most profitable for a new fish farmer in Akure?
1.5
Hypothesis
The hypotheses to be tested in this study are stated in null forms as follows;
H0: There is no significant difference between the mean incomes of the two production systems.
H0: there is no difference between the socio- economic characteristics of concrete tank farmers
and earthen pond catfish farmers.
1.6 Scope of the study.
The scope of this study covers a sub-sector of the agricultural sector, which is a fishery. This will
involve the assertions of the cost incurred in setting up and the benefits to be derived thereafter.
The study will cover fish farms in Akure metropolis of Ondo state and the time frame for the
study will be for about four months.
1.7 Limitation of the study.
10. The study is limited to the time frame accrued, limited knowledge of the farmers and the access
to adequate materials needed to carry out the study extensively.
1.8
Plan of the study.
For better arrangement of this study, the plan carried out is to divide the project into chapters,
which are:
Chapter 2: Literature review: This explores the diverse literatures that have been written with
respect to this study.
Chapter 3: Methodology: This section reveals the study area in which the project will be carried
out, type of data to be collected and method to be used in analyzing the data
Chapter 4: Analysis: this chapter is aimed at analyzing and interpreting the data that would be
collected
Chapter 5: This is the last chapter of this study and it contains the Summary, Conclusion and
Recommendations.