The document discusses values, attitudes, and job satisfaction. It defines values as basic convictions about what is preferable and discusses how values form a hierarchy. Attitudes are tendencies to react positively or negatively to objects and are influenced by direct experience, family, peers and other factors. Job satisfaction is the general attitude towards one's job and is influenced by pay, the work itself, promotion opportunities, supervision and other job characteristics. High job satisfaction is associated with positive outcomes like better performance and lower absenteeism.

2.  Values represent basic convictions that a
“specific mode of conduct or end-state of
existence is personally or socially preferable
to an opposite or converse mode of conduct
or end-state of existence.”
 Value system- A hierarchy based on a ranking
of an individual’s values in terms of their
intensity.

3.  Milton Rokeach created the Rokeach Value
Survey (RVS) which consists of two sets of
values:
Terminal values
Instrumental values

4.  Terminal values or desirable end-states of
existence, a goal that a person would like to
achieve during his or her lifetime.
Examples- a world of peace, a sense of
accomplishment, a world of beauty, equality,
freedom, and salvation.
 Instrumental values - Preferable modes of
behavior or means of achieving the terminal
values.
Examples- honesty, cheerful, courageous,
imaginative, logical, loving, and responsible.

5.  Provide understanding of the attitudes,
motivation, and behaviors
 Influence our perception of the world around
us
 Represent interpretations of “right” and
“wrong”
 Imply that some behaviors or outcomes are
preferred over others

6. Cohort
Entered
Workforce
Approximate
Current Age
Dominant Work Values
Veterans 1950-1964 65+ Hard working, conservative,
conforming; loyalty to the
organization
COMFORTABLE LIFE,SECURITY
Boomers 1965-1985 40-60s Success, achievement, ambition,
dislike of authority; loyalty to career,
ACCOMPLISHMENT, RECOGNITION
Xers 1985-2000 20-40s Work/life balance, team-oriented,
dislike of rules; loyalty to
relationships, FRIENDSHIP,
HAPPINESS, PLEASURE
Nexters 2000-Present Under 30 Confident, financial success, self-reliant
but team-oriented; loyalty to
both self and relationships, MONEY,
FREEDOM, COMFORTABLE LIFE

7. Power Distance
 Individualism – Collectivism
Quantity of Life (Masculinity) - Quality of
Life (Femininity)
Uncertainty Avoidance
Long-Term or Short-Term Orientation

9.  Evaluative statements or judgments
concerning objects , people or events.
 An attitude can be defined as a
tendency to react positively or
negatively in regard to an object i.e.
favorable or unfavorable.

10.  Direct personal Experience
 Family and peer groups
 Neighborhood
 Economic status and occupation

11. Attitudes depends on three basic
components
- Affective
- Behavioral
- Cognitive

12. Attitude
Cognitive
Component
Affective
Component
Behavioral
Component

13.  Cognition - the act or process of knowing ;
conscious process of knowledge. Consists of
person’s perceptions, opinions, and beliefs
about themselves and their environment. They
are evaluative beliefs – favorable or unfavorable
impressions that a person holds towards an
object or person . – discrimination is wrong, my
teacher is biased, etc.
 The cognitive response is a cognitive
evaluation of the object to form an attitude.
Cognitive = Evaluation
Eg- “punishment is wrong”

14.  Affective – the emotional or feeling
segment of an attitude; feeling a certain
way about a person, group, or situation. – I
don’t like my boss, etc.
The affective response is a physiological
response that expresses an individual's
preference for an entity.
 Affective = feelings
Eg- I don’t like my teacher as he gives
punishments to us.

15.  Behavioral – tendency of a person to act or
behave an a certain way toward someone or
something. – warm, friendly, aggressive,
hostile, teasing, etc.
The behavioral intention is a verbal
indication of the intention of an
individual.
Behavioral = Action
Eg- I bunk the class of that teacher.

16. Cognitive = Evalutaion
( Beliefs and values)
My boss gave promotion to a less deserving
coworker. Boss is unfair.
Affective = Feelings and emotions
I dislike my boss
Behavioral = Action / intended behavior
I'm looking for another job / criticizing my
supervisor / colleague

17. 1. Job Satisfaction
2. Job Involvement
3. Organizational Commitment

18.  It is the general attitude or feelings of an
individual towards his job
 Positive feeling about one’s job, results from
perception about the job and evaluating its
characteristics.
 positive attitude
-less absenteeism
-performance will be high

19.  Pay – the amount of pay received and the
perceived fairness of that pay.
 Work Itself – the extent to which job tasks
are considered interesting and provides
opportunities for learning , training ,
responsibility etc.
 Promotion opportunities – the availability of
opportunities for advancement.
 Supervision – technical competence and
interpersonal skills of immediate boss

20.  Co workers – friendly, competent and
supportive coworkers
 Working conditions – physical work
environment is comfortable and supports
productivity.
 Job security – the belief that one’s position
is secure and continued employment with
the organization is a reasonable expectation.

21.  With respect to-
1.Job performance
2.OCB(ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR)
3.Customer satisfaction
4.Absenteeism
5.Employee Turnover
6.Deviant workplace behavior

22.  Job satisfaction and job performance –
organization with more satisfied employees
tend to be more effective than organizations
with fewer satisfied employees.
 Job Satisfaction and OCB(ORGANIZATIONAL
CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR) – voluntarily engage
in behaviors that go beyond formal job
requirements such as talk positively about
your organization, help others etc.
 Job satisfaction and customer satisfaction –
positive correlation especially for frontline
employees.

23.  Job satisfaction and absenteeism – dissatisfied
employees are more likely to miss work.
 Job satisfaction and turnover - dissatisfied
employees are more likely to leave jobs; but
other factors such as labor – market conditions,
expectations about alternative job
opportunities, etc also come into play.
 Job satisfaction and deviant workplace
behavior – dissatisfaction leads to unionization,
stealing at work , tardiness, taking office
supplies home, etc.

24.  It measures the degree to which a person
identifies psychologically with their job,
actively participate in it and considers his or
her perceived performance level important
to self worth
 positive attitude
-reduces absenteeism
-lower resignation

25.  It is a state in which an employee identifies
with a particular organization and its goals
and wishes to maintain membership in the
organization.
 positive attitude
-low turnover
-achievement of goals

26.  Perceived Organizational Support (POS)
 Degree to which employees believe the
organization values their contribution and
cares about their well-being.
 Higher when rewards are fair, employees are
involved in decision-making, and supervisors
are seen as supportive.
 High POS is related to higher OCBs and
performance.

27.  Employee Engagement
 The degree of involvement, satisfaction with,
and enthusiasm for the job.
 Engaged employees are passionate about their
work and company

28.  Given by Leon Festinger which gives relation
between attitudes and beahvior.
 Dissonance = inconsistency.
 Cognitive dissonance occurs when there are
inconsistencies between two or more of a
person’s attitudes or between a person’s
attitudes and behaviors.
 Individuals seek consistency.
 The theory of cognitive dissonance suggests
that people try to minimize dissonance and
the discomfort it causes

29.  Watch your definitions -
they become thoughts
 Watch your thoughts -
they become words
 Watch your words -
they become actions
 Watch your actions –
they become your destiny

30.  The Choice is YOURS
With a Bad attitude you can never have a positive day
With a Positive attitude you can never have a bad day