This document discusses social groups. It defines a group as a small collection of people who interact face-to-face over time to reach goals. Primary groups are small, intimate groups like families, while secondary groups are larger, impersonal groups like workplaces. The document outlines differences between primary and secondary groups and discusses conformity, reference groups, and group size.
SOCIAL INTERACTION
It is a central concept to understanding the nature of social life.
It is two or more people taking one another into account in building up their actions
A main goal of sociology is to explain social action (Anything people are conscious of doing because of other people).
TYPES OF SOCIAL INTERACTION
1. Exchange - when people do something for each other with the express purpose of receiving a reward or return, they are involved in an exchange interaction.
2. Cooperation
A cooperative interaction occurs when people act together to promote common interests or achieve shared goals.
3. Conflict - it arises when people or groups have incompatible values or when the rewards or resources available to a society or its members are limited.
4. Competition – it is a form of conflict in which individuals or groups confine their conflict within agreed-upon rules.
Conflict always involves an attempt to gain or use power . Conflict is not always negative. One Problem with conflict is that it often leads to unhappiness and violence which causes many people to view it negatively
SOCIAL INTERACTION
It is a central concept to understanding the nature of social life.
It is two or more people taking one another into account in building up their actions
A main goal of sociology is to explain social action (Anything people are conscious of doing because of other people).
TYPES OF SOCIAL INTERACTION
1. Exchange - when people do something for each other with the express purpose of receiving a reward or return, they are involved in an exchange interaction.
2. Cooperation
A cooperative interaction occurs when people act together to promote common interests or achieve shared goals.
3. Conflict - it arises when people or groups have incompatible values or when the rewards or resources available to a society or its members are limited.
4. Competition – it is a form of conflict in which individuals or groups confine their conflict within agreed-upon rules.
Conflict always involves an attempt to gain or use power . Conflict is not always negative. One Problem with conflict is that it often leads to unhappiness and violence which causes many people to view it negatively
Security Program Development for the Hipster CompanyPriyanka Aash
Cloud services have evolved and can now replace nearly every facet of traditional infrastructure. This movement has enabled rapid scale while introducing a considerable element of risk. This session will discuss a framework for getting started building a security program in an organization that is built purely on cloud services, covering the contradictions and opportunities of that business model.
(Source: RSA USA 2016-San Francisco)
Introduction to Zotero: A Free, Open-Source Tool to Manage and Share Citation...Janet Crum
Join me for a quick tour of Zotero, a full-featured bibliographic management tool comparable to EndNote or RefWorks – but free and open source. I’ll talk about why you might want to use Zotero instead of commercial tools, show a few commonly-used features, and give you an overview of some additional features. At the end, you should know enough about Zotero to decide whether it could be useful for you and/or the users you assist.
From Not-Want to Waste-Not: cassava peels as productCIAT
Presentation at the Cassava Value Chains Workshop
CIAT, Cali, Colombia. 24-26 August 2016
Speakers: I Okike, A Samireddypalle, ML Fadiga, D Enahoro, P Kulakow, G Thiele, C Fauquet, M Blummel
social groups as described in sociology. A man can’t be social by himself unless he has lived with others. Man’s life is too vain enormous extent a group life. Nature of Groups, Types of Social Groups, primary - secondary, in - out, formal - informal etc. groups
Welcome to the Program Your Destiny course. In this course, we will be learning the technology of personal transformation, neuroassociative conditioning (NAC) as pioneered by Tony Robbins. NAC is used to deprogram negative neuroassociations that are causing approach avoidance and instead reprogram yourself with positive neuroassociations that lead to being approach automatic. In doing so, you change your destiny, moving towards unlocking the hypersocial self within, the true self free from fear and operating from a place of personal power and love.
2. Leader : Javaid Ahmad
Group Members are :
Uzma Bashir
Fakhra Yaqoob Ali
Rubina Liaqat
Umama
Kabeer sulamani
3. Out Lines
Introduction
What is group
Primary groups
Secondary Groups
Difference between primary
and secondary groups
In groups Out Groups
Conformity
Reference Groups
Group Size
4. Sociology is the study of social relations. It is
primarily concern with the social groups. A man
can’t be social by himself unless he has lived with
others. Man’s life is too vain enormous extent a
group life. The groups we belong to are not all of
equal importance to us. Some groups tend to
influence many aspects of our life and bring us
into personal and familiar association with others.
5. WHAT IS A GROUP?
A small collection of people who
interact with each other, usually face to
face, over time in order to reach
goals.”
6. ● A Primary group is typically a small social
group whose members share close, personal,
enduring relationships.
● Secondary groups are large groups whose
relationships are impersonal and goal-
oriented.
families are primary groups
classes are secondary groups
7. – these are the initial
groups that a person joins. Examples are
the family, the barkada or peer group,
play group, cliques, gangs, immediate
school group.
8. Cooley classifies social group into
Primary group and Secondary group
Primary group is a small group which a
small in number,
direct contact,
face to face relations,
mutual aim,
common goals and companionship.
9. Primary Group: people who are emotionally
close, know one another
well, and seek one another’s company
• family
• close friends
Primary Relationships:
interactions that are
intimate, personal, caring,
and fulfilling
10. – these are
the groups that an individual may join in
the latter part of his life.
11. characterized by much less intimacy among its
members. It usually has specific goals, is
formally organized, and is impersonal.
e.g. Political parties, co-workers, church members,
town residents etc.
12. Size: primary groups are
smaller in size.
Physical proximity:
group are confined to a
small geographic area.
Communication: its
not only direct but also
quick and effective.
Secondary groups are
relatively bigger in size.
Groups are not characterized
by physical area.
Members are spread over a
vast area direct communication
is difficult.
Interest of members are more
specific.
13. Group structure: its very
informal. The group is not
very much organized in the
modern sense.
Durability: groups are
relatively durable.
Effects on personality: the
group has a long-lasting
influence upon the
personality.
Nature of group control:
informal means of social
control.
Group structure is formal.
The organization of the
group is carefully planned
and worked out.
Groups may be temporary or
permanent.
The impact of group on the
personality of the members
is rather limited.
Formal means of control.
14. These are not actually physical groups.
These are only mental perspectives of the
“WE” and the “THEY”.
The We are the in-groups; while the THEY
are the out-group.
15. › IN-GROUP
a social unit in which individuals feel at
home and with which they identify.
› OUT-GROUP
a social unit to which individuals do not
belong due to differences in social
categories and with which they do not
identify.
16. In in-groups their relationships towards each
other they display:
› Sense of belonging
› co-operation
› goodwill
› mutual help
› solidarity
› feeling of brotherhood and
› readiness to sacrifice
In-group signifies their unity by the word “we” and
their distinctions from the others by applying to
those the term “they”.
17.
18. Conformity:
Generally conformity means pressure to behave
in ways that are viewed as acceptable or
appropriate by a group or society.
Conformity refers to deep-seated, private and
enduring change in behavior and attitudes due to
group pressure.
In conformity group pressure is less direct, than as
in case of compliance and obedience.
19. CONFORMITY is the degree to which
members of a group will change their views
and attitudes to fit the views of the group. The
group can influence members
via unconscious processes or via overt social
pressure on individuals.
22. People conform for two main reasons:
because they believe the group is better informed
than they are.
because they want to be liked by the group
23. unanimity of the group
group cohesiveness
commitment to the initial judgment
self-presentation
need for individuation
rewards and punishments
the size of the opposing majority
24. Definition of Reference
Groups
A reference group includes
individuals or groups that
influence our opinions, beliefs,
attitudes and behaviors. They
often serve as our role models
and inspiration.
25. Types of Reference Groups
Reference groups can be divided into two major
types:
A normative reference group influences your
norms, attitudes and values through direct
interaction. Examples of your normative
reference groups include your parents, siblings,
teachers, peers, associates and friends.
A comparative reference group is a group of
individuals whom you compare yourself against
and may strive to be like. Examples include
celebrities and heroes.
26.
27. Dyad Group composed of two members.
Triad Group composed of three members.
Formal
organization
Highly structured secondary group
formed for the purpose of achieving
specific goals
