Many questions must be answered when analyzing DNA sequence variants: How do I determine which variants are potentially deleterious? Is the sequencing quality sufficient? How do I prioritize the results? Which annotation sources may help answer my research question?
In this webinar presentation, we will review workflow strategies for quality control and analysis of DNA sequence variants using the VarSeq software package from Golden Helix. VarSeq is a powerful platform for analysis of DNA sequence variants in clinical and translational research settings. VarSeq provides researchers with easy access to curated public databases of variant annotation information, and also enables users to incorporate their own local databases or downloaded information about variants and genomic regions.
The presentation will include interactive demonstrations using VarSeq to analyze variants found by exome sequencing of an extended family with a complex disease. We will review strategies for assessing variant quality, applying genomic annotations, incorporating custom annotation sources, and creating variant filters in VarSeq. We will also demonstrate the PhoRank gene ranking algorithm and its application for prioritizing variants.
It is often possible to gain additional insights into your GWAS data by looking beyond individual SNP associations to consider more complex genetic features, such as haplotypes or homozygous segments. Some haplotypes may have stronger trait associations than are observed for the constituent SNPs. Analyzing runs of homozygosity (ROH) may reveal associations with recessive haplotypes or identify loci with multiple associated alleles.
In this webcast, Dr. Bryce Christensen will review the fundamentals of GWAS and the analytic features available in the Golden Helix SNP and Variation Suite (SVS), with particular emphasis on haplotypes, ROH, and other multi-marker analysis methods. The presentation will include an interactive demonstration of how SVS can be used for quality assurance, analysis, and visualization of high-density SNP data.
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Pathogen Analysis Pi...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/wgs-on-food-safety-management/en/
Real time sequencing of food borne pathogens: Pathogen Analysis Pipeline at The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Presentation from the Technical Meeting on the impact of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) on food safety management -23-25 May 2016, Rome, Italy.
Many of today's researchers are generating DNA sequence data for large numbers of samples in population-based experiments. This may include whole genomes, exomes, or targeted regions. The Golden Helix SNP and Variation Suite (SVS) provides a powerful computing environment for analyzing these data and performing association tests at the gene and/or variant level.
In this presentation, Dr. Christensen will review fundamentals of population-based variant analysis and demonstrate some of the tools available in SVS for analysis of both common and rare variants. The presentation will feature the recently implemented SKAT-O method, as well as other functions for annotation, visualization, quality control and statistical analysis of DNA sequence variants.
It is often possible to gain additional insights into your GWAS data by looking beyond individual SNP associations to consider more complex genetic features, such as haplotypes or homozygous segments. Some haplotypes may have stronger trait associations than are observed for the constituent SNPs. Analyzing runs of homozygosity (ROH) may reveal associations with recessive haplotypes or identify loci with multiple associated alleles.
In this webcast, Dr. Bryce Christensen will review the fundamentals of GWAS and the analytic features available in the Golden Helix SNP and Variation Suite (SVS), with particular emphasis on haplotypes, ROH, and other multi-marker analysis methods. The presentation will include an interactive demonstration of how SVS can be used for quality assurance, analysis, and visualization of high-density SNP data.
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Pathogen Analysis Pi...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/wgs-on-food-safety-management/en/
Real time sequencing of food borne pathogens: Pathogen Analysis Pipeline at The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Presentation from the Technical Meeting on the impact of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) on food safety management -23-25 May 2016, Rome, Italy.
Many of today's researchers are generating DNA sequence data for large numbers of samples in population-based experiments. This may include whole genomes, exomes, or targeted regions. The Golden Helix SNP and Variation Suite (SVS) provides a powerful computing environment for analyzing these data and performing association tests at the gene and/or variant level.
In this presentation, Dr. Christensen will review fundamentals of population-based variant analysis and demonstrate some of the tools available in SVS for analysis of both common and rare variants. The presentation will feature the recently implemented SKAT-O method, as well as other functions for annotation, visualization, quality control and statistical analysis of DNA sequence variants.
vectorQC: 'A pipeline for assembling and annotation of vectors'Luca Cozzuto
DNA vectors are widely used in molecular cloning, gene engineering, studies of gene expression and other applications. Sequence validation of a vector DNA is a crucial quality control step before using the vector. With the cost of sequencing rapidly decreasing it becomes cost-effective to ensure the vectors quality using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. VectorQC is an automatic pipeline for quality control of a collection of sequenced DNA vectors. The pipeline is built using the NextFlow framework and is distributed with the Docker container, which makes the pipeline easy to install, modify, and re-use on any Unix-compatible OS on a computer, cluster or cloud
Rare Variant Analysis Workflows: Analyzing NGS Data in Large CohortsGolden Helix Inc
Analysis of rare variants for population-level data is becoming a more common component of genomic research. Whether using exome chips, whole-exome sequencing, or even whole-genome sequencing, rare variation analysis requires a unique analytic perspective.
In this presentation, we will review some of the tools available in SVS for large sequenced cohorts including summarization, visualization, and statistical analysis of rare variants using KBAC, CMC, and other methods.
Special attention will be given to useful functions available for download from the SVS scripts repository.
vectorQC: 'A pipeline for assembling and annotation of vectors'Luca Cozzuto
DNA vectors are widely used in molecular cloning, gene engineering, studies of gene expression and other applications. Sequence validation of a vector DNA is a crucial quality control step before using the vector. With the cost of sequencing rapidly decreasing it becomes cost-effective to ensure the vectors quality using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. VectorQC is an automatic pipeline for quality control of a collection of sequenced DNA vectors. The pipeline is built using the NextFlow framework and is distributed with the Docker container, which makes the pipeline easy to install, modify, and re-use on any Unix-compatible OS on a computer, cluster or cloud
Rare Variant Analysis Workflows: Analyzing NGS Data in Large CohortsGolden Helix Inc
Analysis of rare variants for population-level data is becoming a more common component of genomic research. Whether using exome chips, whole-exome sequencing, or even whole-genome sequencing, rare variation analysis requires a unique analytic perspective.
In this presentation, we will review some of the tools available in SVS for large sequenced cohorts including summarization, visualization, and statistical analysis of rare variants using KBAC, CMC, and other methods.
Special attention will be given to useful functions available for download from the SVS scripts repository.
Big Data at Golden Helix: Scaling to Meet the Demand of Clinical and Research...Golden Helix Inc
With a focus on scalable architecture and optimized native code that fully utilizes the CPU and RAM available, we can scale genomic analysis into sizes conventionally considered Big Data on a single host. In this webcast, we demonstrate recent innovations and features in Golden Helix solutions that enable the analysis of big data on your own terms.
Exploring DNA/RNA-Seq Analysis Results with Golden Helix GenomeBrowse and SVSGolden Helix Inc
GenomeBrowse, a free visualization tool for all types of sequence data, was introduced in 2012 to broad acclaim. Researchers using GenomeBrowse discovered a product far beyond the status quo with seamless navigation of sequence alignments and other genomic data using a fluid, fast, and intuitive interface that just "made sense." Recent updates to GenomeBrowse, including support for VCF files and BED files and the ability to export tables of data extracted from viewable annotation tracks, further improved the product and created new synergy with Golden Helix SNP & Variation Suite (SVS).
This webcast will demonstrate the ability of GenomeBrowse to stream sequence alignment data from the Amazon Cloud, seamlessly transitioning between whole genome views and base-pair resolution in the context of both public and custom annotation tracks. We will show how GenomeBrowse can be used in conjunction with SVS to highlight false variant calls, confirm the inheritance pattern of putative functional variants, and aid in the interpretation of a variant's impact. Examples of RNA-seq expression analysis, somatic variation in cancer, and family-based DNA-seq analysis will be included.
Knowing Your NGS Upstream: Alignment and VariantsGolden Helix Inc
Alignment algorithms are not just about placing reads in best-matching locations to a reference genome. They are now being expected to handle small insertions, deletions, gapped alignment of reads across intron boundaries and even span breakpoints of structural variations, fusions and copy number changes. At the same time, variant-calling algorithms can only reach their full potential by being intimately matched to the aligner's output or by doing local assemblies themselves. Knowing when these tools can be expected to perform well and when they will produce technical artifacts or be incapable of detecting features is critical when interpreting any analysis based on their output.
This presentation will compare the performance of the alignment and variant calling tools used by sequencing service providers including Illumina Genome Network, Complete Genomics and The Broad Institute. Using public samples analyzed by each pipeline, we will look at the level of concordance and dive into investigating problematic variants and regions of the genome.
Golden Helix's End-to-End Solution for Clinical LabsGolden Helix
In this webcast, we provide an overview of our complete end-to-end clinical stack. Initially, we walk through our powerful secondary analysis pipeline which allows you to call SNVs and CNVs. We then demonstrate how various types of CNVs are called and discuss metrics that express the confidence associated with each call.
From there, we show you our powerful tertiary analysis capabilities for gene panels, exome, and whole genome data. We show how our users can move seamlessly from the variant interpretation stage to a clinical report. Lastly, we demonstrate how our genetic data warehouse, VSWarehouse, can be used in the clinic. We also demonstrate various use cases and show how a comprehensive assessment catalog can be utilized to ensure consistent analysis across multiple labs.
We hope you enjoy our first presentation on Golden Helix's entire end-to-end solution for clinical labs!
2015 TriCon - Clinical Grade Annotations - Public Data Resources for Interpre...Gabe Rudy
The availability and details of using public genomic annotation sources to do clinical grade genomic diagnosis, using the exomes of myself, wife and son as the case study.
Darby Kammeraad, a Field Application Scientist at Golden Helix, gives some insight into the advantages of VarSeq's capability with annotations. The number of annotation topics to cover is seemingly limitless. In this webcast, he focuses on key elements that demonstrate the value of Golden Helix's curated annotations available in VarSeq and address some important considerations from our users. We also cover the types and effective utilization of annotations in VarSeq. Finally, he covers how users can create their own annotation sources from the Convert Wizard tool.
Best Practices for Validating a Next-Gen Sequencing WorkflowGolden Helix
Validating an NGS workflow is an iterative process that begins with collaboration with personnel and planning protocols for the entire workflow from sample preparation, sequencing and variant calling, all the way to data analysis and reporting. At Golden Helix, while we do not provide pre-validated black-box workflows, we provide our customers with support to validate workflows in a transparent manner, and assist them in reaching production deadlines. This webcast will be led by members of our Field Application Scientist team, and we will explore some of the best practices for NGS workflow validation that we have observed and helped to implement based on real-world examples from our customer base. Key topics for discussion will include:
Sample preparation and collection of adequate case/control data
Designing a robust workflow with special considerations for single versus family analyses and phenotypic considerations
Generating the desired output for clinical or other reports
Real world NGS workflow validation strategies
Tune in for tips and strategies that you can deploy when designing and validating your NGS workflow.
Similar to Using VarSeq to Improve Variant Analysis Research Workflows (20)
Dr. Raluca Mateescu does research in the area of beef cattle, sheep and goat molecular genetics. Most biological traits of economic importance in domestic animals have a complex inheritance (are influenced by many genes and the environment) and the long-term research goal is to unravel the genetic basis for the phenotypic variability in this type of trait. Her research uses recent advances in the animal genomics field with the goal of improving animal production efficiency and enhancing animal products for improved human health.
Consumer satisfaction and willingness to purchase the product again in the future are largely determined by the quality of eating experience at consumption. To address consumers' demand for high-quality products, the beef industry needs to use all tools at its disposal to deliver a product with superior eating quality and implementation of an effective genetic improvement program is a critical step toward this aim. Palatability is not based only on one characteristic but is based on the relationship of three characteristics - tenderness, juiciness, and flavor – and how they work or do not work together to determine beef eating satisfaction. These traits are impractical to improve through traditional selection (difficult and expensive to measure) but are ideal candidates for genomic selection if genetic markers that account for a worthwhile proportion of the variation could be identified.
In this webinar, Dr. Mateescu will focus on the use of SVS program to perform genome-wide association studies for individual traits describing beef palatability, identify chromosomal regions associated with these traits, estimate genomic breeding values and predict the accuracy of GEBV for palatability traits in beef.
FOXO3 Regulates Fetal Hemoglobin Levels in Sickle Cell AnemiaDelaina Hawkins
Although individuals with sickle cell anemia ostensibly have a monogenetic disease, they exhibit wide variability in the degree of clinical severity. One of the most powerful and reproducible predictors of disease severity is the level of endogenous fetal hemoglobin (HbF), composed of two gamma-globin and two α-globin chains. Expression of HbF is reduced in infancy and little is known about how this regulation is accomplished. A better understanding of gamma-globin regulation could aid in the discovery and design of a specific gamma-globin inducing agent.
Taking a genomics approach to this question, Dr. Vivien Sheehan and her team investigated the natural human variation and its correlation with HbF levels to identify novel genes important for gamma-globin regulation. In this webinar, she describes how they performed whole exome sequencing (WES) and used gene-based analysis to find correlations between rare variants and endogenous HbF levels. T1 testing found seven unique non-synonymous variations in a Forkhead box O transcription factor, FOXO3, to be significantly associated with lower HbF (p=5.6x10-4, β-value ln HbF -0.66). They verified the association between FOXO3 and endogenous HbF levels in an ex vivo model of erythroid differentiation from CD34+ cells isolated from peripheral blood called primary erythroid culture.
These results strongly suggest that FOXO3 is a positive regulator of gamma-globin. The gamma-globin specific effect of FOXO3 is critical; FOXO3 is an excellent therapeutic target for the treatment of sickle cell disease, as it selectively induces HbF, which does not sickle, without inducing HbS. Also, FOXO3 does not delay erythroid maturation, instead it actually promotes erythroid maturation. Taken together, the results indicate that FOXO3 is a positive regulator of gamma-globin expression and an excellent therapeutic target for fetal hemoglobin induction. Their findings support a new mechanism underlying fetal hemoglobin regulation and help identify potential new HbF inducing agents.
Genetic Basis of Pyridoxine-Responsive Neonatal Epilepsy in Consanguineous Fa...Delaina Hawkins
Hilal Al-Shekaili is a PhD student at the University of British Columbia who conducts research in rare, autosomal recessive disorders, specifically pyridoxine-responsive epileptic encephalopathies (PREE). PREE is often characterized by recurrent seizures in the prenatal, neonatal, or postnatal period, which are typically resistant to conventional anticonvulsant treatment but are well-controlled by the administration of pyridoxine (vitamin B6). Hilal and his colleagues at UBC are undertaking a research project to identify novel genetic causes in unexplained forms of pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE), a special type of PREE with an estimated incidence of 1:20,000 to 1:750,000. In most affected infants, PDE is caused by mutations in the antiquitin gene (ALDH7A1) and subsequent inactivation of α-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (antiquitin, ATQ).
Currently, ALDH7A1 is the only gene for which mutations are known to underlie PDE. However, locus heterogeneity has been reported in some families and other genes seem to be involved. Nearly 5% of children with a typical clinical picture of PDE harbor no detectable mutation of ALDH7A1. Identifying causative genes in such families will likely lead to improved treatment for these patients and help unravel much of the unknown about pyridoxine metabolism in the human body.
In this webinar, Hilal will cover how he and his team used whole-genome SNP genotyping, genome-wide runs of homozygosity (RoH) mapping using SVS, and whole-exome sequencing to characterize the genetic defect underlying PREE in a consanguineous Omani Arab family with two affected children who have a PDE-like clinical picture but negative ATQ biomarkers.
As labs move genetic tests into production using VarSeq, we have been looking for ways to support more of their total workflow within the same integrated expertise used to annotate, filter and interpret variants.
With our upcoming release of VarSeq, we are introducing a powerful and flexible platform to author clinical reports, specialized to the needs of individual labs and tests.
This webcast shows the new VarSeq Reports add-on feature, as well as other components of the total clinical test workflow including:
Using VarSeq to lock down the exact bioinformatics steps to prepare variants for interpretation
Compute coverage statistics over targeted panel regions, with sample level summaries and visualization with the built-in GenomeBrowse visualization
Customize our ACMG compliant clinical reports for lab and test specific parameters
Go through an interpretation process, previewing and updating a report in real-time
Produce rendered reports in HTML and PDF formats
Use VarSeq Reports to export structured interpretation of variants, genes and sample's test results into customized formats for third party and LIMS/EMR integration
We have been excited to work with clinical labs that are running VarSeq to develop this add-on, and hope you enjoy the showcase of it for the first time in public.
SETBP1 as a novel candidate gene for neurodevelopmental disorders of speech a...Delaina Hawkins
The genetic etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders has proven elusive due to the substantial phenotypic and etiological heterogeneity of their common forms. Developmental language disorders affect approximately 7% of children and are associated with negative outcomes in a multitude of domains, including social, emotional, behavioral, and academic functioning. Yet, with the exception of several reported monogenic cases, they are severely understudied with respect to their genetic bases, as the field is effectively only entering its 'GWAS era'.
One of the possible solutions is to reduce the supposed phenotypic and locus heterogeneity by studying special populations such as genetic isolates. Taking this approach, Dr. Sergey Kornilov and Dr. Elena Grigorenko's team at Yale University performed a genome-wide association and whole exome sequencing study of members of a unique geographic Russian-speaking isolate, characterized by an unusually high prevalence (i.e., around 30%) of neurodevelopmental disorders of speech and language.
On one hand, the GWAS results suggested that at least part of the multivariate language disorder phenotype in this population is associated (surviving corrections for multiple testing) with variation in the SETBP1 gene. On the other hand, the WES revealed multiple potentially damaging exonic variants in severely affected probands in other genes that play a role in neural development. GWAS and WES converged on a new candidate pathway that is potentially affected by common as well as rare variation in this population. Preliminary follow-up studies using neural endophenotypes corroborated these findings by implicating SETBP1 in the atypical development of language-related cortical networks and highlighting it as a novel candidate language disorder gene.
In this webcast, Dr. Kornilov will delve into his team's GWAS and whole exome sequencing studies surrounding the neurodevelopmental disorders of speech and language in the unique, Russian sample set.
Clinical labs need to be able to process samples down to a shortlist of variants and publish a professional report. Two common clinical applications for genetic tests include Cancer Gene Panels and Whole Exome Trios. Using VarSeq and VSReports, we will demonstrate how easy it is to go from a variant file created by a secondary analysis pipeline containing unfiltered variants to a report containing information for variants of interest. Along the way, we will discuss tips and tricks and answer frequently asked questions to help you get the most out of your data!
This webcast will present a thorough overview of VarSeq's support for clinics:
Cancer Gene Panel:
- Variant, Region and Sample Quality Assurance
- Filtering to variants in targeted cancer genes relevant to the tumor type
- Summarizing variants in a clinical report
Whole Exome Trio:
- Variant Quality Assurance
- Filtering to variants matching several inheritance patterns
- Summarizing variants in a clinical report
Using NGS to detect CNVs in familial hypercholesterolemiaDelaina Hawkins
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a heritable condition of severely elevated LDL cholesterol, characterized by premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. FH affects an estimated 1 in 250 individuals worldwide, and is considered to be the most frequent monogenic disorder encountered in clinical practice. Although FH has multiple genetic etiologies, the large majority of defined cases result from autosomal codominant mutations in the LDL receptor gene (LDLR).
In providing a molecular diagnosis for FH, the current procedure often includes targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels for the detection of small-scale DNA variants, followed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) in LDLR for the detection of whole-exon copy number variants (CNVs). The latter is essential as ~10% of FH cases are attributed to CNVs in LDLR; accounting for them decreases false-negative findings. Here, we have determined the potential of replacing MLPA with bioinformatic analysis (VarSeq) applied to NGS data, which uses depth of coverage analysis as its principal method to identify whole-exon CNV events. In analysis of 388 FH patient samples, there was 100% concordance in LDLR CNV detection between these two methods: 38 reported CNVs identified by MLPA were also successfully detected by NGS + VarSeq, while 350 samples negative for CNVs by MLPA were also negative by NGS + VarSeq. This result suggests that MLPA is dispensable, significantly reducing costs, resources, and analysis time associated with the routine diagnostic screening for FH, while promoting more widespread assessment of this important class of mutations across diagnostic laboratories.
Next-generation sequencing has enabled clinicians and researchers alike to identify novel genetic variants associated with rare Mendelian Diseases across the human genome. To help enable researchers and clinicians understand the role of CNVs in human health and disease, Golden Helix has integrated a specialized NGS-based CNV caller capable of detecting deletion and duplication events as small as single-exons and as large as whole chromosome aneuploidy events. In this webcast, we will present our workflows that integrates the NGS-based CNV caller into SVS.
GWAS to Identify Genetics that Influence Calf Health from Holstein and Crossb...Delaina Hawkins
Genome-wide association analysis is a powerful tool for explaining the phenotypic effects of dairy cattle on the genome and knowledge of genes associated with dairy cattle phenotypes. SNP & Variation Suite (SVS) has assisted the University of Minnesota, West Central Research and Outreach Center to determine the association of genetics groups with calf and cow health. These results are used to improve selection indexes for genomic evaluations for dairy cattle and will help improve the profitability of dairy production systems.
The University of Minnesota, West Central Research and Outreach Center has 300-cow dairy and unique populations of dairy cattle. The herd is comprised of purebred Holsteins, 1964 genetic control purebred Holsteins and crossbreds of Holstein, Montbéliarde and Viking Red, and crossbreds of Jersey, Normande, and Viking Red. Their 1964 Holstein herd is essentially “frozen” in time from 1964, and is one of the last true genetics resources in the Holstein breed. This unique Holstein population remains unselected from 1964, and they maintain this unique Holstein population.
Their team has genotyped their Holstein cattle, and have genotyped over 250 Holstein calves and cows, and over 650 crossbred calves and cows. We have genotyped over 450 animals with the 40K Bovine chip and over 200 with the 150K Bovine HD chip. Currently, they are conducting additional analyses that include Runs of Homozygosity, signatures of selection, and haplotype blocks. Genome-wide association analysis identified a number of genes and chromosome regions associated with calf health in contemporary Holstein cows and 1964 Holstein cows.
Updates to VSClinical ACMG Guidelines & a Tour of Cancer Annotation SourcesDelaina Hawkins
Earlier this year we launched our latest product VSClinical featuring workflow support for the ACMG guidelines with advanced automation capabilities and per-criteria recommendations. It has been amazing to watch the adoption of this product in labs doing both germline and in some cases cancer variant interpretation. Our latest VarSeq 2.1 release demonstrates our approach to iterative product improvements based on our committed relationship with our customers and includes numerous enhancements to VSClinical.
In this webcast, we cover the new and updated capabilities that can add value to your genetic testing workflows as well as review the VarSeq workflow support somatic variant interpretation in tumors by leveraging our cancer-specific annotations sources. In this webcast, we:
-Demonstrate the new “Consortium Classification” support in VSClinical to have an additional ClinVar-like annotation source added to the automated and interactive ACMG scoring process.
-See how previous interpretations are integrated into your VSClinical analysis, whether they are for the current variant or are just in the genomic neighborhood.
-Cover the additional “Lookup in PubMed” variant search feature for finding supporting studies that may provide functional or clinical evidence for a variant.
-See in action the new ACMG Auto Scoring based templates for trio analysis and gene panel tests.
-Review somatic variant filtering and prioritizing in VarSeq and the updates to relevant public annotation sources including CiVIC, ICGC and a new and available to license COSMIC v86!
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
Join us as we delve into the crucial realm of quality reporting for MSSP (Medicare Shared Savings Program) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs).
In this session, we will explore how a robust quality management solution can empower your organization to meet regulatory requirements and improve processes for MIPS reporting and internal quality programs. Learn how our MeasureAble application enables compliance and fosters continuous improvement.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
Health Education on prevention of hypertensionRadhika kulvi
Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and important risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and renal diseases. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels and is sufficient to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest. Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP. In adults, HTN exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140mmHg or diastolic BP is equal to or greater than 90mmHg. The
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Explore our infographic on 'Essential Metrics for Palliative Care Management' which highlights key performance indicators crucial for enhancing the quality and efficiency of palliative care services.
This visual guide breaks down important metrics across four categories: Patient-Centered Metrics, Care Efficiency Metrics, Quality of Life Metrics, and Staff Metrics. Each section is designed to help healthcare professionals monitor and improve care delivery for patients facing serious illnesses. Understand how to implement these metrics in your palliative care practices for better outcomes and higher satisfaction levels.
How many patients does case series should have In comparison to case reports.pdfpubrica101
Pubrica’s team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
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2. Use the Questions pane in
your GoToWebinar window
Questions during
the presentation
3. Agenda
What makes a damaging variant?
VarSeq Interactive Demonstration
2
3
4
QC Considerations
Variant analysis workflows1
4. What is VarSeq?
VarSeq
Simple
Flexible
Scalable
Variant annotation, filtering
and ranking
Repeatable workflows
Rich visualizations with
GenomeBrowse
integration
Powerful GUI and
command-line interfaces
5. Workflow Development Process in VarSeq
1. Begin from one or many VCF files
2. Annotate variants using public data sources curated by Golden Helix and/or
annotate with custom data sources.
3. Run additional computation algorithms
- Allele counts, genotype zygosity, gene list matching, etc
4. Construct filter chain to identify candidate variants
- May use combinations of logical operators in filters
- May have multiple independent filter chains and/or endpoints
5. Process results
- Gene Ranking with PhoRank
- Review variant QC
- Vizualization with GenomeBrowse
- Commit variants to local database
- Etc.
6. Annotations are the key
Good variant analysis
begins with accurate
annotations.
Golden Helix invests
extensive time and effort
in validating and
maintaining data sources.
Annotation data sources
may be used for either
quality control or analytic
purposes.
7. Defining Deleteriousness
What makes a variant potentially damaging?
Start by defining the search space:
- Rare, non-synonymous, homozygous variants?
- DeNovo mutations in highly conserved genes?
- Splice-site mutations?
- Etc.
Review annotations for remaining variants to
identify causal candidates
Which annotations to use?
8. Variant Classification
VarSeq classifies variants into
20+ different categories
The categories are further
grouped as:
- Loss of Function
- Missense
- Other
Choice of gene transcript
reference
- RefSeq
- Ensembl
- Others
9. ClinVar
ClinVar is a public archive of
variants evaluated for potential
causal relationships to diseases
Submissions from many
sources, including major clinical
laboratories
Over 100k records
Updated monthly
10. Functional Predictions
Functional predictions use algorithms to determine the expected
consequence of variants (or the resulting amino acid substitutions).
dbNSFP
- The Database for NonSynonymous Functional Predictions (dbNSFP) is a
free tool developed by Dr. Xiaoming Liu.
- Catalogs pre-computed conservation and functional prediction scores for all possible
missense SNVs in the genome
- Methods include SIFT, PolyPhen-2, MutationTaster, MutationAssessor, FATHMM, more
dbscSNV
- Companion to dbNSFP that scores variants in splice consensus regions
- Variants in these regions may disrupt normal gene expression and/or function
dbNSFP and dbscSNV are both accessible in VarSeq
11. Variant/Gene Ranking
PhoRank algorithm in VarSeq uses HPO and GO terminology to
score relationships between genes and phenotypes
Very useful to prioritize a long list of variants for individual review
Based on PHEVOR method.
13. Mappability Annotations
The human reference genome has
assembly gaps and other “difficult”
regions
NGS technology sequences short
DNA fragments which are the aligned
to the reference genome
- Most sequences are aligned correctly
- Some sequences can’t be aligned uniquely
- Some sequences may be incorrectly aligned
Luckily, we can predict many of the
trouble spots
14. Segmental Duplications
Segmental duplications are a common confounder
UCSC “Genomic Super Dups” annotation available through VarSeq
Recent Example (below):
- Apparent UPD feature in family trio was determined to be an artifact of seg. duplication
- Large chromosome segment duplicated elsewhere with >98% similarity
15. Emerging Standards
Several organizations working on best
practices guidelines for genome
mappability
- 1000 Genomes Project
- Genome in a Bottle Consortium
- Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH)
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
Downloadable annotations available for
many types of features:
- Mappability by read length
- High G-C content regions
- Low complexity
- Segmental duplications
- Etc.
18. VarSeq Demonstration Data
Exome sequencing of five individuals from family with familial cardiac
conduction disease (CCD)
Raw sequence data obtained from SRA
19. Workflow Discussion Points
Male-to-male
transmission makes X-
linked model unlikely
May follow dominant or
recessive transmission
Inherited forms of CCD
are rare
Family has East Asian
ancestry