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Using the Library & Searching for the Evidence
- 1. Using the Library & Searching for the Evidence DNP Bound Frontier Nursing University
- 2. Alice Whitman Memorial Library
- 3. Alice Whitman Memorial Library Library Home Page Library 101
- 4. SEARCHING FOR THE EVIDENCE Evidence Based Practice Gebb, B.A., Young, Z., & Anderson, B.A. (2012). Evaluating and using the evidence. In B.A. Anderson & S. Stone (Eds.), Best practices in midwifery: Using the evidence to implement change. New York: Springer Publishing.
- 5. Evidence Based Practice • What is EBP? – Most commonly cited definition is “the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients.” – Sackett, D.L., Rosenberg, W.M.C., Gray, J.A.M., Haynes, R.B., & Richardson, W.S. (1996, January 13). Evidence-based medicine: what it is and what it isn’t. BMJ, 312(71). Retrieved from http://www.bmj.com/content/312/7023/71.full
- 6. Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses Critical Appraisal Randomized Controlled Trials Cohort and case-controlled studies Consensus Statements Anecdotal Information HierarchyofResearchEvidence What is Evidence? HierarchyofResearchEvidence
- 7. Evidence Based Practice The EBP Cycle • Identifying a clinical problem • Formulating a focused, answerable question • Locating relevant and appropriate resources • Searching for information • Critically appraising the information • Implementation in clinical practice
- 8. Form a Clinical Question • Must be focused and answerable NOT What are therapies for depression? INSTEAD Does exercise reduce depressive symptoms in women?
- 9. Form a Clinical Question PICO framework: P – patient/problem I – intervention C – comparison O – outcome
- 10. Form a Clinical Question Does exercise reduce depressive symptoms in women? P – women with depression (age group?) I – exercise (how strenuous? how often?) C – medication O – symptom reduction, quality of life
- 11. Locate Resources • Where is the Evidence? – Traditional bibliographic databases – Meta-search engines – Point of Care resources
- 12. Bibliographic Databases • MEDLINE – via EBSCOhost – via PubMed • CINAHL • Cochrane Library • Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Resources
- 13. Meta-search Engines • SUMsearch – http://sumsearch.org • TRIP database – http://www.tripdatabase.org
- 14. Point of Care Tools • DynaMed • Essential Evidence Plus • Natural Standard • Lexicomp
- 15. Search for Information • Advanced Search Strategies – Boolean Operators – Field Searching – Subject Headings – Limiters – Research Filters
- 16. Boolean Operators AND – both terms must be present (will narrow a search) OR – either term is present (will broaden a search) NOT – only first term is present (will exclude terms)
- 17. Boolean Operators • exercise AND depression – will retrieve articles with both words • zoloft OR sertraline – will retrieve articles with either word • exercise NOT running – will retrieve articles with exercise and exclude those with running
- 18. Field Searching
- 19. Subject Headings • Specific words or phrases selected from a controlled vocabulary that describe a work – MEDLINE = MeSH – CINAHL = CINAHL Headings
- 20. Limiters • Parameters for your search – MEDLINE limiters include: • Age group • Publication type • Language • Dates
- 21. Research Filters • Research filters are pre-designed search strategies • Clinical Queries – PubMed page: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/clinical – Limiter in MEDLINE (EBSCOhost) – ((clinical[Title/Abstract] AND trial[Title/Abstract]) OR clinical trials[MeSH Terms] OR clinical trial[Publication Type] OR random*[Title/Abstract] OR random allocation[MeSH Terms] OR therapeutic use[MeSH Subheading])
- 22. Additional Tools • Search Alerts – MyNCBI – MyEBSCOhost – RSS Feeds
- 24. Finally… • Don’t forget about librarians as a resource! • Call us before starting your literature review!
- 25. Library Staff • Billie Anne Gebb, Director of Library Services – billieanne.gebb@frontier.edu – (859) 899-2519 • Zach Young, Assistant Director of Library Services – zach.young@frontier.edu – (859) 899-2511 • Aimee Niles, Library Technician – aimee.niles@frontier.edu – (859) 899-2526
- 26. Stay in Touch! • Find us on Facebook • Follow us on Twitter @FSMFNLibrary • Read the FNU Library blog: http://frontierlibrary.blogspot.com/ • Email • Phone
Editor's Notes
- Library is housed in Aunt Hattie’s Barn Most resources are online
- The library website is your gateway to our online resources – brief tour of website Library 101 is a tutorial on information literacy and using our library – find on the Get Help page
- We want to talk mainly today about searching for evidence – search strategies to use in evidence based practice We wrote a chapter in Best Practices in Midwifery about using evidence and this presentation follows that chapter outline This is a word cloud of the chapter
- Most commonly cited definition from seminal article in BMJ
- Evidence Hierarchy – best evidence on top Systematic Reviews – an overview of all primary studies on a topic; “interrogating the literature” Meta-analyses – combine statistical data from individual studies and recalculate Critical appraisal – summaries to answer specific clinical questions – often found in point of care tools RCTs – patients/subjects assigned to either receive treatment or serve as a control; other variables do not come into play Cohort and case-controlled studies – compare two groups (one with condition or intervention, one without); cohort follows the groups over time, case control looks at histories Consensus statements – guidelines from respected authorities (professional organizations) Anecdotal information – least reliable since it cannot be verified, but uses experience
- EBP cycle – we come in mostly in 3 and 4
- Some add a T for time frame
- These are the ones we have – there are others
- Field – individual piece of information within a record
- Sensitivity (broad) vs. Specificity (precise)
- Zach will demo RefWorks
- Most important resource… Once you pick your topic, talk to us before starting lit review We can discuss subject headings and keywords, resources; brainstorm search strategies, etc.