User issues in top-down bottom-up tagging applications: FaceTag

The FaceTag Engine presentation delivered at the DC Social Tagging Workshop in Milan, June 10 2009.

Technology Education

E. Quintarelli, A. Resmini & L. Rosati

The FaceTag Engine
User Issues in a Bottom-up + Top-down
Tagging Application

DC Social Tagging Workshop
Milano, June 10 2009

my name is Andrea Resmini
I'm an Information Architect
I design information spaces
coordinate REG-iA, the Research &
Education Group in IA
founded the Journal of Information
Architecture
one of the designers of the
FaceTag engine project

tags are flat free-form keywords liberally
assigned by users
collaborative tagging is widely used to
organize, browse and share large online
collections
folksonomies are tag-based, bottom-up,
user-generated emergent classification
systems

trade-off between simplicity and precision

linguistic disadvantages

polysemy, homonymy, synonymy
the use of plurals, ego-tagging
base-level variations

user experience disadvantages

user interfaces (tag clouds) with self-
sustaining predominance cycles
visual clutter
no map-making
editing interfaces

“Information seekers in large domains
need to deal with meaningful groupings of
related items in order to understand
relationships, build a mental map, and
decide how to proceed”

So, how do we move
from tags to meaningful groupings
and how do we navigate them?

a number of tools and techniques
have been proposed

among them,
clustering and faceted classification
have been used in the past

clustering geerates messy groups,
conflates many different dimensions
and does not allow refinement and
follow-up queries

− facets
are orthogonal descriptors within
a metadata system that represent
semantic properties, part of a top-down
paradigm

 a new metadata ecology
 a middle ground between the pure

democracy of bottom-up tagging and the
empirical determinism of top-down
taxonomies

faceTag introduces a multidimensional,
semantically richer paradigm based on
the CRG faceted theory which provides

tag hierarchies
system facets to which tag hierarchies
are assigned
seamless browsing and searching

faceTag then allows to

add structure and context to flat tags
navigate along several dimensions
simultaneously
refine and broaden filtering criteria on
the fly, with no dead ends (engaging and
zooming)

 exploration, discovery and iterative
query refinement are supported

As facets are particularly suitable to
classify homogeneous collections, the
combination of facets + tags amplifies
both the information scent and berry-
picking capabilities of the system

this happens along the two axes of IA

the vertical paradigmatic axis, where
similar tags on the same facet are
recalled

and the horizontal syntagmatic axis,
where all other tags pertaining to the
same facet are recalled and suggested

front-end

allowing choice, zooming and navigation
allowing large numbers of tags
structuring the facets display

back-end

entering tags
having no back-end via browser
bookmarklets

uses metaphors from other tagging
applications (del.icio.us, Rawsugar)
introduces a visual top-to-bottom
hierarchy among facets
has a 'duct tape and some glue'
feeling to it
goes against some common UI
principles

designed using a UCD approach
paper and HTML prototyping
small groups of users involved
few people, many sessions

issues in the back-end are still to be
thoroughly investigated

FaceTag is a working prototype of a semantic collaborative tagging tool conceived for bookmarking information architecture resources. It aims to show how the widespread homogeneous and flat keywords' space created by users while tagging can be effectively mixed with a richer faceted classification scheme to improve the �information scent� and �berrypicking� capabilities of the system. The additional semantic structure is aggregated both implicitly observing user behaviour and explicitly introducing a compelling user experience that facilitates the end-user creation of relationships between tags. FaceTag current implementation is written in PHP / SQL and includes an open API which allows querying and integration from other applications.

FaceTag at IASummit 2007

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FaceTag - IASummit 2007

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HT2010 Paper Presentation by Jacek Gwizdka

jacekg

Social tagging has been recognized as an important solution to the description of resources available on the Web. In the context of e-learning it is presented as an auxiliary mechanism to the composition of learning object metadata. This article aims to present the results of a study on the state of the art of works related to social tagging and learning objects, promoting a discussion about the main elements related to the concepts.

int.ere.st: SCOT-based Tag Sharing ServicesHaklae Kim

Panel: Social Tagging and Folksonomies: Indexing, Retrieving... and Beyond? ...

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Visualization Types Codex

By Peter Stoyko Complex systems are difficult to understand without the aid of visuals. There are too many moving parts to mentally keep track of. The parts interact in too many ways. The whole system is cognitively overwhelming insofar as it cannot be absorbed in one go without the aid of an external reference. That is partly due to humans' inability to juggle more than a few complicated ideas in working memory at one time. Thus, visuals are a simplifying and organizing device that complements the way human naturally think if they are designed well. This poster is an early glimpse of a larger project (called SystemViz) that explores what it means to design such visuals well.

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Stop thinking, start tagging - Tag Semantics emerge from Collaborative Verbosity

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Recent research provides evidence for the presence of emergent semantics in collaborative tagging systems. While several methods have been proposed, little is known about the factors that influence the evolution of semantic structures in these systems. A natural hypothesis is that the quality of the emergent semantics depends on the pragmatics of tagging: Users with certain usage patterns might contribute more to the resulting semantics than others. In this work, we propose several measures which enable a pragmatic differentiation of taggers by their degree of contribution to emerging semantic structures. We distinguish between categorizers, who typically use a small set of tags as a replacement for hierarchical classification schemes, and describers, who are annotating resources with a wealth of freely associated, descriptive keywords. To study our hypothesis, we apply semantic similarity measures to 64 different partitions of real-world and large-scale folksonomy containing different ratios of categorizers and describers. Our results not only show that ‘verbose’ taggers are most useful for the emergence of tag semantics, but also that a subset containing only 40% of the most ‘verbose’ taggers can produce results that match and even outperform the semantic precision obtained from the whole dataset. Moreover, the results suggest that there exists a causal link between the pragmatics of tagging and resulting emergent semantics. This work is relevant for designers and analysts of tagging systems interested (i) in fostering the semantic development of their platforms, (ii) in identifying users introducing “semantic noise”, and (iii) in learning ontologies.

Ontology

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Folksonomy

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The challenges posed by the complexity of our times requires the Design discipline to understand the many complex relationships behind the social, business, technology and territory dimensions of each project. Such nature of complex systems lays not only inside design projects, but also inside the design processes that generate them, and the ability of organizing them through meta-design approaches is becoming strategic. Since the turn of the century, the design discipline has increasingly moved its scope from single users to local and online communities, from isolated projects to system of solutions. This shift has brought researchers and practitioners to investigate tools and strategies to enable mass- scale interactions by adopting several models and tools coming from software development and web-based technologies: Open Source, P2P, DDD (Diffuse, Distributed, and Decentralized) systems. This influence has matured over the years, and if we observed in the past how such systemic models can be applied in the design practice (part 1), we are facing now a new phase where Design will have an increasing role in enabling such systems through the analysis, visualization and design of their collaborative tools, platforms, processes and organizations (part 2). This scope falls into the Meta-Design domain, where designers build environments for the collaborative design of open processes and their resulting organizations (part 3). In this paper, we address this phenomena by elaborating the Open Meta-Design framework (part 4), that provides a way for designing open, collaborative and distributed processes (including those in the professional design domain). The paper positions the framework among current meta-design and design approaches and develops its features of modeling, analysis, management and visualization of processes. This framework is based on four dimensions: conceptual (describing the philosophy, context and limitations of the approach), data (describing the ontology of design processes), design (visualizing designing processes) and software (managing the connections between the ontology and the visualization, the data and design dimensions). We believe that such a framework could potentially facilitate the participation and the creation of open, collaborative and distributed processes, enabling therefore more relevant interactions for communities. As a conclusion, the paper provides a roadmap for developing and testing the Open Meta-Design framework, and therefore evaluating its relevance in supporting complex projects (part 5).

Exploiting Semantic Web Techniques For Representing And Utilising

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A taxonomy of the orcanization

From object to ecosystem

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Cataloguing of learning objects using social tagging

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Panel: Social Tagging and Folksonomies: Indexing, Retrieving... and Beyond? ...

jacekg

Visualization Types Codex

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Activating Online Collaborative Communities

Stop thinking, start tagging - Tag Semantics emerge from Collaborative Verbosity

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Ontology

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Folksonomy

millermax

Storyboarding for Data Visualization Design

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Activating Research Collaboratories with Collaboration Patterns

On the Navigability of Social Tagging Systems

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The Meta-Design of Systems, Menichinelli + Valsecchi 2016

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Exploiting Semantic Web Techniques For Representing And Utilising

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Similar to User issues in top-down bottom-up tagging applications: FaceTag (20)

Cataloguing of learning objects using social tagging

int.ere.st: SCOT-based Tag Sharing Services

Panel: Social Tagging and Folksonomies: Indexing, Retrieving... and Beyond? ...

Visualization Types Codex

Pratt Sils LIS653 4 Fall 2007

Activating Online Collaborative Communities

Stop thinking, start tagging - Tag Semantics emerge from Collaborative Verbosity

Ontology

Gic2011 aula10-ingles

Folksonomy

Storyboarding for Data Visualization Design

Hybrid Approaches to Taxonomy & Folksonmy

Tdm recent trends

Semantic User Interfaces

Making IA Real: Planning an Information Architecture Strategy

Activating Research Collaboratories with Collaboration Patterns

On the Navigability of Social Tagging Systems

Facilitating Dialogue - Using Semantic Web Technology for eParticipation

The Meta-Design of Systems, Menichinelli + Valsecchi 2016

Exploiting Semantic Web Techniques For Representing And Utilising

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