Urethritis period 4
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Urethritis is inflammation of the urethra, which is the tube that carries urine from the bladder. It is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection entering the urethra. Common symptoms include pain or burning during urination, urges to urinate frequently, and discharge or blood in the urine. Risk factors include multiple sexual partners and unprotected sex. Diagnosis involves examination and urine testing, and treatment consists of antibiotics or antiviral medication.
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Gout period1
Gout is caused by excess uric acid in the body which forms needle-like crystals in the joints, causing sudden and severe pain. It is more common in overweight men over 30 and post-menopausal women. Risk factors include diet high in purines, alcohol consumption, family history, and certain medical conditions. Treatment focuses on reducing uric acid levels through medication, diet, and lifestyle changes to relieve pain and prevent further attacks.
Cystitis --period 1
Cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder that is usually caused by a urinary tract infection from bacteria. Common symptoms include a strong and persistent urge to urinate, burning during urination, and passing frequent small amounts of urine. Risk factors include older age, weak immune system, use of bladder catheters, and not urinating frequently enough. Treatment involves antibiotics for mild cases or regular antibiotics for recurrent cystitis.
Bladder cancer period 1
Bladder cancer begins with malignant tumors in the inner lining of the bladder. There are two main types: superficial bladder cancer, which only affects the inner lining, and invasive bladder cancer, which spreads to the muscle walls. Risk factors include smoking, workplace exposures like the rubber/dye industries, and some birth defects. In Canada, bladder cancer is the 5th most common cancer and affects mostly older individuals, with symptoms including blood in the urine, frequent urination, and pain during urination. Treatments may include surgery to remove tumors, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.
Vesicoureteral reflux period 1
Vesicoureteral reflux is a physical defect where urine flows back from the bladder to the ureters and kidneys. It can be either primary, where the child is born with an undeveloped ureter, or secondary, caused by a blockage that increases urinary pressure. Symptoms include urinary tract infections. Left untreated, bacteria from infections can scar the kidneys, potentially leading to issues like high blood pressure or kidney failure. Treatment options include long-term antibiotics, surgery, or deflux liquid to prevent infections and scarring.
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Urethritis period 4
- 1. URETHRITIS By: Simmi Lally & Sharon Chand
- 2. WHAT IS URETHRITIS? • Urethritis is the inflammation and swelling of the urethea. • Urethea is the tube that carries urine from the bladder and expels it outside of the body. • You can get this disease if there is an infection around or in the urethea, as well as having multiple sexual partners.
- 3. THE DIAGRAM OF THE URETHEA:
- 4. CAUSES OF URETHRITIS: • Either a virus or bacteria entering the urethea is usually the main cause. • Although, bacterial infections in the urethea are the most common infections. • Bacteria enters the urethea from the skin around the urethea's opening. This causes the bacterial infection, which then causes the inflammation of the urethea (urethritis).
- 5. • E.coli is an example of a bacteria that is most common to cause this disease.
- 6. WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS? • Pain when urinating is the main symptom of urethritis. • Sudden urges to urinate • Difficulty urinating • Discomfort, pain and itching are other factors that are experienced when not urinating. • Pain during sexual intercourse. • In women, discharge from the urethral opening. • In men, blood in the urine and semen.
- 7. THE RISK FACTORS FOR URETHRITIS: • 1) having multiple sexual partners. • 2) history of having sexually transmitted diseases. • 3) unprotected sex. • 4) high-risk sexual behaviour. • 5)certain acidic foods.
- 8. HOW MANY CANADIANS GET URETHRITIS:
- 9. DIAGNOSIS: A doctor will usually ask the patient about his/her symptoms and how they feel. Examination of the genital area will most likely be required as part of the diagnostic process. Urine samples are sometimes required to be analyzed by the doctor.
- 10. • A test can be allowed by the doctor if a certain STI is suspected to confirm that diagnosis.
- 11. PREVENTION & TREATMENT: • Taking antibiotics or antiviral medication. • Not having sexual intercourse. • Having protected sex. • Having one uninfected partner. • Certain exams and tests, such as cystocopy, urinalysis, etc.
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