Bladder cancer begins with malignant tumors in the inner lining of the bladder. There are two main types: superficial bladder cancer, which only affects the inner lining, and invasive bladder cancer, which spreads to the muscle walls. Risk factors include smoking, workplace exposures like the rubber/dye industries, and some birth defects. In Canada, bladder cancer is the 5th most common cancer and affects mostly older individuals, with symptoms including blood in the urine, frequent urination, and pain during urination. Treatments may include surgery to remove tumors, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

1. BLADDER CANCER
By Krishneil and Deepti
Period 1

2. Definition
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Begins with cells of bladder
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starts with inner lining of bladder malignant
tumour

3. Types
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Superficial bladder cancer : when cancer only
effects the inner lining
•
Invasive bladder cancer : when cancer spreads
to the muscle walls

4. Causes/Risks
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Smoking
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Workplace exposure such as making rubber,
leather, and / or being apart of the dye industry
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Race and ethnicity
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Bladder birth defects

5. Bladder cancer statistics
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•
•
•
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5th most common diagnosed cancer in Canada (not including skin cancer)
7,900 will be diagnosed
2,100 will die from bladder cancer
5,900 men will be diagnosed with bladder
cancer and 1,500 will die from it
2,000 women will be diagnosed with bladder
cancer and 630 will die from it

6. How many Canadians get
this disease
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More than 95% new cases were found in
individuals over 45 years of age especially in the
65-74 age range in both genders
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Incidents increased reaching a maximum of 313
cases per 100,000 millions population in males
and 81 in females in those over 85 years old

7. Bladder cancer symptoms / signs
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Hematuria :blood in urine
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Frequent urination
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Inability to urinate
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Burning / pain during urination
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Bladder spasms
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LATER SIGNS... Loss of appetite, weight loss,
fever, lump in pelvis , swelling in legs

8. Bladder cancer treatments
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Surgery: remove the tumour
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Biological therapy: treat superficial tumours
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Chemotherapy: used when other treatments
don't work
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Radiation therapy: external beam radiation

9. SURGICAL TREATMENTS
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TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION (TUR)
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Tumour removed through cystoscope
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Tumour bed is burned by high energy
electricity using a heat or a laser

10. Continued...
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SEGMENTAL CYSTECTOMY
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remover of tumour and part of
bladder

11. CONTINUED....
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RADICAL CYSTECTOMY
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removal of entire bladder
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In men, prostrate and urethra
removed
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In women , uterus, Fallopian
tubes and ovaries are removed

12. Continued
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RECONSTRUCTIVE ( URINARY
DIVERSION )
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if tumour cannot be removed
the diversion can be created
by relieving blocked urine flow

13. Bibliography
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en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bladder_cancer
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canadiantaskforce.ca (chapter 68: screening of
bladder cancer
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www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/bla
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www.medicienenet.com/bladder_cancer/article