The document summarizes the environmental conditions of Gwalior city, India. It describes the city's topography, climate, soil conditions, natural features, and issues related to air, water, and land pollution. The average temperature is 33°C in summer and 9°C in winter. Annual rainfall is around 823mm. Soil fertility is low with sandy silty texture and low calcium levels. Air and water pollution levels exceed national standards at several locations due to industrial emissions, vehicular traffic, and untreated waste. Mining in the region has also degraded land and biodiversity while polluting air, water, and increasing noise levels.

1. B.PLANNING 6TH SEMESTER, 3RD YEAR
KEY MAP
INFERENCE
URBAN ENVIRONMENT
 Gwalior City largely lies on a sandstone
and granite rock basin.
 The natural drainage Swarnarekha River
flows through a city from south to north
for a distance of about 14 Km.
 On its west the area is characterized by
sand and gravel while to its east the soil
is mostly yellow sandy loam.
 The fort, the dominant feature of the
town, is located on the hill which has an
average elevation of about 300 m.
Topographic Conditions:
Introduction:
Urban areas face a number of environmental challenges. The environmental challenges faced in the urban areas are serious and have significant
impact on the health, natural resources and socioeconomic performance. Here we takes a closer look at the environmental status of Gwalior to
identify the activities and causes for its deterioration.
The picture is showing the condition of
forest AREA in Gwalior area.
This is the picture of hilly area in
Gwalior.
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF GWALIOR
FACULTY
SHEET NUMBER
PRESENTED BY
NOT TO SCALE
Ajeet singh
Aayushi singh
Mr.Lovlesh Sharma
Mr.Parul Sharma
9A
MAP OF GWALIOR SHOWING NATURAL FEATURES,[2015]
In this sheet we
have shown the
topographic
conditions of the
gwalior city to give
the idea of a city
profile like in map
the dominant
feature of the city-
fort, road
structure, GMC
boundary and
water bodies are
shown.
PLANNING
BOUNDARY
GMC
SADA
FORT
RESERVED FORESTS
HILLY AREAS
RIVER/WATER BODY
PLANNING AREA BOUNDARY
GMC BOUNDARY
ROADS
GWALIOR FORT
Source: Primary

2. KEY MAP
URBAN ENVIRONMENT
B.PLANNING 6TH SEMESTER, 3RD YEAR
 The north-western wind blows,
predominantly, over the city of Gwalior
and the average wind speed generally
ranges from 10 km per hour to 12 km
per hour.
Climatology
0
50
100
2014 2012 2010 2008 2006 2004
35.7 33.4 33.2 38.2 34.7 33.6
5.6 7 8.2 8.8 6.2 7.4
TEMPERATURE (IN CELSIUS),[2004-
2014]
MAXIMUM MINIMUM
 The mean maximum temperature in
summers is 33⁰ C and the mean minimum
temperature during the winter months is 9⁰
C but the temperatures can fall as low as
1⁰-3⁰ C.
832.7
655.1
857.6 705.2
0
200
400
600
800
2011 2012 2013 2014
YEARLY RAINFALL ( IN
MM),[2011-2014]
 The monsoon season is during
June to September with a total
average annual rainfall of around
823 mm. The average number of
rainy days is around 43
Flora And Fauna
WIND DIRECTION MAP
OF GWALIOR[2016]
 Total notified area of Gwalior is 18300 Ha of which forest
land is 1830 Ha which is 10% of land cover of the area.
 The Gwalior district houses many varieties of flora such as
Murjan, Palash, Seja, Dhawada. But the common species
in flora found is khair.
 Similarly, it is also a home to the blackbuck, monkey, wolf,
blue bull, wild boar, fox and hyena. And common species
are great indian bustards and Cyprinus carpio.
Forest Cover MAP OF
GWALIOR[2016]
Khair (Acacia Catechu)-the native flora
species of Gwalior region.
Cyprinus Carpio-the native fauna species
of Gwalior region.
Great Indian Bustards-the
native fauna specie of Gwalior.
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF GWALIOR
FACULTY
SHEET NUMBER
PRESENTED BY
NOT TO SCALE
Ajeet singh
Aayushi singh
Mr.Lovlesh Sharma
Mr.Parul Sharma
9B
Forest cover
INFERENCE
The average
Temperature of gwalior:
Summer- 33⁰ C
Winters- 9⁰ C
Annual rainfall-823mm
Average wind speed- 10
to 12 km/hr
Forest cover-1830 ha
Native flora-khair tree
Native fauna-great
indian bustard and
cyprinus carpio.
Source: Primary

3. B.PLANNING 6TH SEMESTER, 3RD YEAR
KEY MAP
URBAN ENVIRONMENT
ROCK PROFILE MAP[2012]
SOIL FERTILITY
 Soil geology of Gwalior is complex in nature with lot of
variation in the strata (rock types) horizontally as well as
vertically.
 There are various layers of hard rocks and soft clays.
 The intracratonic Gwalior basin is situated on the
northwestern fringe of Bundelkhand massif.
SOIL GEOLOGY
This picture is showing the
bundelkhand granite soil region of
Gwalior.
This picture is showing the
Gwalior region which comes
under the alluvial soil profile.
Parameter 1 2 3 4 5
Texture Sandy silty
loam
Sandy silty
loam
Sandy silty
loam
Sandy silty
loam
Sandy silty
loam
Calcium(%) 2±0.2 2.4±0 2.4±0.4 3.2±0 2.8±0.5
Field
capacity
(%)
24.5±3 22.4±3.2 25.7±2.1 24.9±2 25.7±1.3
Table no.1- Soil texture, percentage of calcium and field capacity
of Agriculture soil
Source: Department of Agriculture and Cooperation Ministry of Agriculture
Government of India New Delhi.
 Table no.1 shows, that the soil is sandy silty and its calcium
content is very low and it has been found that the field
capacity of the soil is not good production of wheat in the
area.
 Calcium deficiency symptoms can be rather vague in soils of
Gwalior since the situation often is accompanied by a low soil
pH value.
 Visible deficiency symptoms are seldom seen in agronomic
crops but will typically include a failure of the new growth to
develop properly
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF GWALIOR
FACULTY
SHEET NUMBER
PRESENTED BY
NOT TO SCALE
Ajeet singh
Aayushi singh
Mr.Lovlesh Sharma
Mr.Parul Sharma
9C
INFERENCE
Rock profile is very
complex and the
soil fertility is not
good according to
the data as we can
see in the shown
table the calcium
percentage is very
low with field
capacity which
accompanied by a
low soil ph. value
Source: Primary

4. B.PLANNING 6TH SEMESTER, 3RD YEAR
KEY MAP
LEGENDS
URBAN ENVIRONMENT
AIR ENVIRONMENT
Predominant sources contributing to various pollutants
Industrial emission
Vehicular emission
Non point sources such as coal and biomass burning in JJ cluster and
construction activities in and around Gwalior.
S.NO LOCATION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY (MICRO GRAM /M3)
SPM *NAAQS
Standards SO2
*NAAQS
Standards NOx
*NAAQS
Standards
1. Phoolbagh Chauraha 850.35 100 1.29 80 27.40 80
2. Gola ka Mandir 643.05 100 18.06 80 28.66 80
3. Baradari Square, Morar 738.78 100 17.81 80 29.16 80
4 Roxypul 645.85 100 13.95 80 23.20 80
In order to monitor the ambient air quality of Gwalior city, four busy locations have been
selected as Phoolbagh Chauraha, Gole ka Mandir, Baradari Square at Morar and Roxypul
respectively.
30-35
25-30
20-25
15-20
10-15
5-10
AIR CONCENTRATION MAP OF GWALIOR[2015]
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF GWALIOR
FACULTY
SHEET NUMBER
PRESENTED BY
NOT TO SCALE
Ajeet singh
Aayushi singh
Mr.Lovlesh Sharma
Mr.Parul Sharma
9D
Table No.1- Air Quality Monitoring
Table No.2- Vehicular Pollution Levels In The City
INFERENCE
The quality of air is
very bad particularly
in some areas

5. KEY MAP
URBAN ENVIRONMENT
WATER ENVIRONMENT
MONTH COLOR ODOUR pH VALUE BOD (MG/L)
MAY Blackish Mild 7.54 29
JUNE Blackish Mild 7.48 28
JULY Blackish Mild 7.65 27
AUGUST Blackish Mild 7.40 24
SEPTEMBER Blackish Mild 7.56 19
OCTOBER Blackish Mild 7.11 21
NOVEMBER Blackish Mild 7.9 28
DECEMBER Blackish Mild 7.2 29
JANUARY Blackish Mild 7.5 29
FEBRUARY Blackish Mild 7.6 28
MARCH Blackish Mild 7.8 30
APRIL Blackish Mild 7.9 28
MAY Blackish Mild 8.0 29
MONTH COLOR ODOUR pH VALUE BOD (MG/L)
MAY Blackish Mild 7.55 28
JUNE Blackish Mild 7.71 26
JULY Blackish Mild 7.72 22
AUGUST Blackish Mild 7.62 30
SEPTEMBER Blackish Mild 7.68 30
OCTOBER Blackish Mild 7.45 28
NOVEMBER Blackish Mild 7.1 23
DECEMBER Blackish Mild 7.6 18
JANUARY Blackish Mild 7.4 29
FEBRUARY Blackish Mild 7.7 28
MARCH Blackish Mild 7.5 29
APRIL Blackish Mild 7.9 29
MAY Blackish Mild 8.2 30
Industrial discharge
Garbage dumps in water bodies
Water quality at TIGRA DAM Water quality of KAKETO DAM
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION
B.PLANNING 6TH SEMESTER, 3RD YEAR
The State Pollution Control Board periodically
monitors the water quality of the city at various
points and studied the water quality at designated
sites. The table below shows the results of the
samples drawn fromthe Swarnarekha and Morar
River locations.
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF GWALIOR
FACULTY
SHEET NUMBER
PRESENTED BY
NOT TO SCALE
Ajeet singh
Aayushi singh
Mr.Lovlesh Sharma
Mr.Parul Sharma
9E
Table No.1- Water Quality At Monitored Sites
INFERENCE
According to the
data the water
quality of the
area is very bad
as given in the
monthly table of
water quality at
Tigra dam and
kaketo dam , the
color of water is
blackish and ph.
value is very low.

6. FACULTY
SHEET NUMBER
KEY MAP
LEGENDS
N
PRESENTED BY
URBAN ENVIRONMENT
NOT TO SCALE
B.PLANNING 6TH SEMESTER, 3RD YEAR
Environmental Degradation Due To Mining
 There are approximately 100 open cast mining activities are going on in
Gwalior district of Madhya Pradesh.
Land degradation
 The quarry waste including waste rock material is
dumped outside the mine area is the main cause
of land pollution.
Air Pollution
This is caused due to dust generation during
blasting and other mining operations in the form
RSPM (Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter)
and SPM (Suspended Particulate Matter), as well
as from huge crushers .
Loss of Biodiversity
 The Unused Materials Are Dumped Into
Valleys And Burying The Precious Vegetation
Of The Surface.
 The Existing Slopes Are Leveled For
Development Of Terraces Without Taking Note
Of Natural Slopes .
Source - www.mineralresources.mp.gov.in
 The environmental problems associated with granite mining in Gwalior region
is summarized under -land degradation, water pollution, air pollution, noise
pollution, flora & fauna, demolition of aesthetics, health hazards and
socio-economic impacts.
 The slurry from processing plants is washed off
from the waste dumps causes heavy siltation in
the agricultural
Polluta
nt
Granite Mine
(in μg m3) [4]
Dolerite Mine
(in μg m3)
Normal Values
(in μg m3) [10]
Min. Max. Min. Max. From To
RSPM 155 234 - - 60 100
SPM 393 541 - - 40 60
TSPM - - 179 285 - -
Noise levels of various activities during the mining of
dolerite were recorded by the dB meter, the noise level
ranges from 90 dB to 118 dB.
Pollution Granite Mine [4] Dolerite Mine
Limit
[11]
Range in dB Range in dB in dB
Noise Min. Max. Min. Max.
96 125 90 118 75
Noise Pollution
Water Pollution
During open cast mining at the sites, due to the
overburden of deposit and topographic erosion, the water
runoff contains large amount of suspended particles,
which decrease the light penetration in the water bodies.
Mining pit, cause of ground water pollution.
Field photograph shows mine wastes encircled
Photograph shows air pollution.
Field photo shows unstable slope at the mine.
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF GWALIOR
Ajeet singh
Aayushi singh
Mr.Lovlesh Sharma
Mr.Parul Sharma
9F
Map Of Mining Sites In Gwalior,[2012]
Manganese
Ochre
Dimensional
Stone
Copper Ore
Limestone
Clay

7. KEY MAP
URBAN ENVIRONMENT
B.PLANNING 6TH SEMESTER, 3RD YEAR
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF GWALIOR
 Solar energy is a
promising renewable
resource identified in
Gwalior.
 Biodegradable organic
wastes are used for
biomass production.
 The data clearly indicates
that the water quality of the
water bodies are not
confirming to the standards
prescribed under Water Act
and Environmental
Protection Act.
 Energy conservation,
production and enhancing
energy efficiency has a high
potential by use of various
alternatives such as solar
energy, biomass.
 Ground water table, both
quality and quantity, can still
be improved by
technologies which Gwalior
lacks.
 Even there is potential to
reduce pollutions under
various initiatives taken
up by government
 There Is No Technology
Available To Madhya Pradesh
State Pollution Control Board For
Treating The Contaminated
Ground Water Bodies Whereas
There Is Huge Deterioration In
Ground Water Quality.
 Gwalior does receive
good wind speed, so
there is scope for use of
wind energy.
 Decreasing rainy days every
year.
 Rapid increase in
urbanization in the past few
years.
 High noise levels in
commercial centres due
to traffic
 High noise levels in
commercial centres
due to traffic
 Number of water sources
are available to meet
future demand e.g.
Tighra, lower Kaketa,
upper Kaketo, Pesari
reservoir etc.
 Favourable natural slope
for good drainage
through Swarnrekha and
Murar River
 Lack of Awareness for
judicious use of water,
recycling and
recharging
 Good water harvesting
potential due to favourable
topography in the watershed
A
Lashkar
Dongarpur
Sirol
Naugaon
Kedarpur
Bela
Girgaw
Mau
SuroAkbarpur
Rairu
Bararua
Jebra
Maharajpura
Raipur
Burai
Badori
Kui
Rai
Soni
Gowai
To Sheopur
To Delhi To Bhind
Morar
Maharajpur
Gwalior Bypass
H
HH
H
HH
Roodhpura
Akbarpur
JamaharGovindpura
CP Colony
Laltipara
Kabir ColonyThar
Naya Bazar
Alapur
Mahalgoan
Chanakya Puri
To JorasiTo Mumbai
FACULTY
SHEET NUMBER
Mr.Lovlesh Sharma
Mr.Parul Sharma
PRESENTED BY
Ajeet singh
Aayushi singh
9G
INFERENCE
IN THIS SHEET
THE SWOT
ANALYSIS IS DONE
OF THE GWALIOR
CITY WHICH
HELPS US TO
KNOW ABOUT
THE STRENGTH,
WEAKNESS,
OPPORTUNITY
AND THREATS OF
THE CHOOSEN
AREA

8. FACULTY
SHEET NUMBER
KEY MAP
Mr.Lovlesh Sharma
Mr.Parul Sharma
PRESENTED BY
URBAN ENVIRONMENT
B.PLANNING 6TH SEMESTER, 3RD YEAR
PROPOSALS
 Need to install Centralised Sewage Treatment Plant (CSTP) to treat sewage
from the entire Gwalior city. Also all industries should be strictly monitored not
to discharge effluent without treatment and undergo treatment facilities
 Reuse of treated water from Sewage Treatment Plant.
 Decentralised Waste Water System (DEWATS): this technologies are
widely used today due to its benefits over conventional system and can be
used at community or neighbourhood levels.
 Major advantages of the system are as follows:
1. It can be decentralized to single household levels
2. Water can be treated to CPCB Standards
3. No mechanical parts are required, operable with semiskilled / unskilled
labour
4. Requires little space
5. No foul smell
6. Less expensive and demands minimum maintenance and energy inputs
 Decentralized Wastewater System is proposed where there is sufficient
space available within the city to utilise water in community parks, common
green areas etc. At that place a tape off point will be taken to extract the
sewage from sewer line so as to reduce the load of final Sewage Treatment
Plant.
Water Pollution  Revival of ponds - Sagar, Katora, Ganga, Janak and Beja Tal to curb
water pollution and enhance aesthetics
 Industries should be strictly monitored to discharge effluent after
proper treatment
 To check quality of water in rivers at a regular frequency
 Shifting of polluting industries to the outskirts of the city
Air Pollution
 To maintain air quality standards within the City -the polluting tempos
– Vikram should be replaced with some other alternative fuel e.g.CNG
 Use of alternate fuels like CNG
 Development of CNG Petrol Pumps
 Continuous monitoring at various locations within the city at
regular intervals.
 Planned Plantation in the city areas, choice of air pollution
resistant tree species in order to minimise ambient air
pollution.
 In Indian Neem, Ficus, Oake Walnut, Mahogany, Cassia; herbs like Tulsi and
the woody grass Bamboos are well known CO2 sequesters and air purifiers.
Neem (Azadirachta Indica) Mahogany (Swietenia Macrophylla) Bamboo (Bambuseae)
Source: Forest Research Institute, Dehradun
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF GWALIOR
Ajeet singh
Aayushi singh
9H
INFERENCE
IN THIS SHEET
THE PROPOSALS
ARE GIVEN
AFTER
ANALYSING THE
DATA WE HAVE
COLLECTED. THE
SOURCE OF OUR
DATA IS BOTH
PRIMARY AND
SECONDARY.