USB stands for Universal Serial Bus and was created in 1995-96 by several companies to provide a universal standard for connecting devices to computers. It allows for bi-directional communication between devices at high speeds up to 10Gbps for USB 3.1. USB has evolved over time from Low Speed USB 1.0 at 1.5Mbps to Super Speed USB 3.1 at 10Gbps. Key components include the host computer, hubs for connecting multiple devices, and any peripheral devices.

1. UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS(USB)
By SWAROOP P S

2. INTRODUCTION
 USB stands for Universal Serial Bus.
 In 1995-96 Compaq, Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), IBM, Intel, Microsoft
and NEC, joined later by Hewlett-Packard, Lucent and, Philips got together and
designed the USB.
 Provides an expandable, fast, bi-directional, low cost, hot pluggable Plug and Play
serial hardware interface.
 Allows users to connect a wide variety of peripherals to a computer and have
them automatically configured and ready to use.
 The USB was created out of a need for universal communication between
devices.

3. Evolution of USB
USB TYPE SPEED TITLE BANDWIDTH
USB 1.0 Low Speed 1.5 Mbps
USB 1.1 Full Speed 12 Mbps
USB 2.0 High Speed 480 Mbps
USB 3.0 Super Speed 5 Gbps
USB 3.1 Super Speed+ 10 Gbps

5. USB Keyterms :
 Host :
 Computer that controls the interface.
 Control the media access ( no one can access the bus unless it get an approval
required from the host ) .
 Hub :
 Devices with one or more connections to USB devices and hardware to enable
communications with each devices.
 Device :
 Everything in the USB system, which is not a host, is a device (include hubs) .

6. Features :
 USB controller: Formats the data for the operating system on read and write.
 Root Hub: connection point to the host.
 Host is always the reference
 IN: Host is going to receive the data.
 OUT: Host is going to send the Data.