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Similar to Unit 4 TNT products and services
Unit 4 TNT products and services
- 1. Travel and tourism productsand services Unit 4 – Part 1
- 2. 4.1 Identify anddescribe tourism products and services
- 3. Describing TNT products and services
- 4. Describing TNT products and services • Tangible vs. Intangible • Separable vs. Inseparable • Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous • Stored vs. incapable of being stored
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- 6. TANGIBLE • capable ofbeing touched • discernible by the touch • material or substantial. INTANGIBLE • not tangible • incapable of being perceived by the sense of touch • it's not physical, cannot be "possessed,"
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- 9. HOMOGENEOUS • of thesame kind or nature • essentially alike. HETEROGENEOUS • quality can vary of time of day (people get tired), experience, attitude, knowledge, style, etc. • diverse, varied, miscellaneous, assorted, mixed, different, differing, motley;
- 10. stored vs. incapable ofbeing stored
- 11. Perishability • You can'tstore services for future use. When a client misses an appointment with his attorney, that time can never be recaptured. • Empty hotel rooms • Unsold theater tickets, airline seats -- the value has vanished.
- 12. Business links Inter-relationship betweentravel and transport, catering and accommodation, attractions, leisure and recreation and business facilities
- 13. Products vs. Service Aservice is intangible, that is you cannot touch it, such as a haircut or a massage. You cannot touch the act of giving a massage. A product, on the other hand, is tangible. It can be touched. For example, if buying scissors to cut your own hair, the scissors would be the product. Products are also known as goods.
- 14. Products vs. Service •"Products" are tangible items - furniture, appliances, electronic devices, etc. The purchaser can see them and use them. • "Services" are intangible items - legal counsel, medical advice, repair work. The purchaser cannot see them and is often used by them.
- 15. Products vs. Service •Products are items you can buy and take with you. • Services are when you pay someone to do something but you don't end up with an item you can keep. Paying a caterer for a party would include both. You'd have the food that was prepared as products and the cooking and serving of the food as services.
- 16. Products vs. Service •a service is something someone can do for money Ex: workers • a product is an item that can be sold or traded Ex: ipods, x boxes, furniture, others
- 17. Types of Productsand Services Refer to pages 89-91 of your book
- 18. 3 Main typesof Tourism products and services • Package • Independent • All-inclusive
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- 20. Package Holidays Flights + accommodation + airport transfers at destination. Travel Agency
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- 23. Independent Holiday DIY Traveler most of the people who do not take vacation packages are younger, single individuals.
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- 25. All-inclusive Holidays all meals and locally produced drinks are included Married people with families are the main users of vacation packages and especially all inclusive vacation packages.
- 26. All Inclusive (AI) meansall meals and locally produced drinks are included (until midnight, when a cash bar system may operate. This may vary depending on the accommodation). You may also be entitled to entertainment and non-motorised water sports laid on by your hotel.
- 27. What does boardbasis mean? Board basis simply means the sort of dining arrangements that you have selected for your holiday.
- 28. Room Only (RO) meansthat no meals will be included in the price you have paid for your accommodation/holiday package.
- 29. Self Catering (SC) meansthat no meals are included in the cost of your accommodation/holiday package, but you will be provided with catering facilities in your accommodation to cook light meals.
- 30. Bed and Breakfast(BB) means that breakfast is included in the price you have paid for your accommodation/holiday package.
- 31. Half Board (HB) meansthat your breakfast and evening meal is included in the price you have paid for your accommodation/holiday package. In some cases you can choose to receive lunch instead of breakfast - the hotel will confirm this upon arrival.
- 32. Full Board (FB) meansthat breakfast, lunch and evening meals are included in the price you have paid for your accommodation/holiday package.
- 33. Ancillary – what does it mean? providing necessary support to the primary activities or operation of an organization, institution, industry, or system
- 34. Ancillary services • guiding • currency exchange • translation services • insurance • marketing services
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- 37. 4 Exchange Rates 1-2Buy and sell rate for traveller’s check and 3-4 Buy and sell rate for notes
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- 40. Insurance services The mostcommon risks that • Lost, stolen or damaged are covered by travel baggage, personal effects or insurance are: travel documents • Medical/dental expenses • Delayed baggage (and emergency replacement of • Emergency essential items) evacuation/repatriation of • Legal assistance remains • Car rental collision coverage • Return of a minor child • Sports with an element of risk • Trip (e.g. skiing, scuba diving) cancellation/interruption • Travel to high risk countries • Accidental death, injury or (e.g. due to war, natural disablement benefit disasters or acts of terrorism) • Overseas funeral • Kidnap and ransom expenses insurance • Delayed departure, missed connection
- 41. 4.2 Explore the rolesof tour operators and travel agents
- 42. Tourism Chain of Distribution • “All the goods and services that go into the delivery of tourism products to consumers. It includes all suppliers of good and services whether or not they are directly contracted • Tourism supply chains involve many components.” (Tapper and Font, 2004)
- 43. Private Sector Producers Public Sector Support Services Support Services - Travel guides -National tourist - Travel insurance & Attractions boards (NTBs) financial services Natural: - Regional tourist - Travel trade press boards (RTBs) - Marketing Support -Mountains - Tourists information - Private education & Carriers centres (TICs) -Lakes training -Air - Public education & -Rivers - Private ports -Sea training -Beaches -Rail - Public ports -Road - Visas and passport Constructed: -Theme parks offices Accommodation -Ancient - Hotels monuments - Guest houses -Activity centres - Chalets - Villas - Apartments - Camp sites - Holiday centres - B&Bs
- 44. Tour Operators Direct Travel Agents booking Tourists
- 45. Tour operators •Wholesalers of tourism products in that they assemble the component parts of a holiday • The buy in bulk and break this bulk down into separate packages which are then marketed to the consumer • Can be small independent or chain • Packages have at least 2 elements (transport and accommodation)
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- 47. Types of TourOperators 1. Outbound 2. Inbound 3. Domestic 4. Specialist
- 48. Outbound tour operators •Outbound tour operators develop and sell holidays for British people wanting to travel abroad • Some are very big companies that sell millions of holidays every year, the so-called‘mass- market’ tour operators, while others are small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) employing just a few people • TUI UK/Thomson and Thomas Cook are the UK’s biggest outbound tour operators – together they arrange around 11 million package holidays every year / Thomson, Airtours, Kuoni, Cosmos
- 49. Inbound or incoming operators • Inbound, or incoming, UK tourism is concerned with meeting the needs of the increasing numbers of overseas visitors who choose to visit Britain • A travel agent in the USA, for example, who has a client wanting to spend a week in Scotland, has to contact a tour operator to make all the arrangements • Many incoming tour operators in the UK are members of Ukinbound • British Heritage and Evan Tours
- 50. Domestic tour operators •Domestic tour operators are companies that specialise in holidays in the UK for British people • They offer a very wide range of holiday products, from packages in holiday centres to coach holidays in all parts of Britain • Many domestic tour operators deal directly with their customers rather than selling through travel agents
- 51. Specialist tour operators These are holiday companies that specialise in a particular type of holiday or destinations Examples: • Golfing trips • Expeditions to the Himalayas • Holidays for over 50s • Holidays in remote locations
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- 53. Concept: Economies ofscale As the tourist operators buy in bulk from the providers - the better price they pay. They are able to obtain reduced rates for airline seats and hotel accommodation
- 54. Method of Marketing 1. Direct Selling – press, magazines, TV, brochures, Internet, telephone etc. 2. Travel Agencies
- 55. Trade Associations Membershipto an organization is designed not only to protect their members but also to guarantee certain standards of performance which can be expected by clients
- 56. AITO – Associationof Independent Tour Operators Dedicated to providing a quality product, personal service and choice to the consumer… (www.aito.co.uk)
- 57. BITOA – BritishIncoming Tour Operators Association Independent organization aiming to provide a forum for the exchange of information and ideas and to follow an accepted code of practice when dealing with other bodies in the UK with a common interest in tourism matters.
- 59. Other functions ofthese associations 1. Consumer protection by monitoring members 2. Support any tour operator who fails to provide the service 3. Other consumer protection concern areas • Health and safety in accommodations • Cruise ships and aircrafts • Quality of bathing water and other environmental issues • Protection of payments made by customers whether in deposits or final payment
- 60. Travel Agencies • “Atravel agent or travel agency is a shop or office where you can go to arrange a holiday or journey” (Collins English Dictionary) • Retail sector of tourism industry – they sell the products of the providers. For this, they receive commission
- 61. Commission Rate inthe UK • Package holidays 10% • Airline tickets 7.5 – 9 % • Ferry bookings 9% • Traveller’s cheques 1% • Travel insurance 35-40%
- 62. Types of TravelAgencies Type Description Example Multiple • Found nationally Thomas • Chain of branches Cook • Lots of products and services offered Independent • One shop • Limited number of services • Possibly family- owned/sole-trader business
- 63. TNT Industry Scope of Operation
- 64. Tourism Industry Vertical (backward) Integration integration -Accommodation -Transport Horizontal integration Private Tourism MERGER Organisation TAKEOVER Vertical (forward) integration - Retail: travel agencies, website
- 65. Vertical Integration one organisationbuys an element at another level Backward Forward/Downward • Tour operator • Tour operator buys/owns elements buying/creating own of package holiday travel agencies • Purchasing an airline, • Internet allowed online hotel group etc access and purchase • Thomson • Thomas Cook
- 66. Horizontal Integration two companiesoffering the same products merge, or one takes over another Merger Takeover • Fusing of two • One company buys companies to become another company and one takes it over • Two airlines sharing • One airline buys the same routes another
- 67. 4.3 Describe support facilities for travel and tourism
- 68. Concept of infrastructure Theprovision of 1. utilities such as drainage, water supply 2. power cables 3. telecommunication links 4. Roads 5. Ports and/or airports
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- 74. Funding • Basic infrastructuresis generally provided by public bodies, whether national or local governments or bodies reporting to government departments such as tourism boards. • The funds are provided through taxation • Funding from external sources such as WTO or United Nations Development Programme
- 75. Funding The provision offacilities such as accommodation, attractions, catering and entertainment tends to be funded by private organizations
- 76. Regulatory controls –why is there a need? Without planning and regulatory controls, it is possible that a destination may became overcrowded or over-developed, thus spoiling the initial attraction of the place
- 77. Infrastructure revisited The developmentof infrastructure will influence the development of tourism in an area, and the two are inseparably linked – the one will not happen without the other being developed or in place. Infrastructure = tourism development
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Editor's Notes
- #21 A package holiday will give you flights, accommodation and airport transfers at destination.An all inclusive holiday will give you the same plus meals and drinks.Do not that some places offering all inclusive do have a limit on alcohol allowance, so do read carefully what is included!
- #22 A package holiday will give you flights, accommodation and airport transfers at destination.An all inclusive holiday will give you the same plus meals and drinks.Do not that some places offering all inclusive do have a limit on alcohol allowance, so do read carefully what is included!
- #27 On an all inclusive vacation package, all of these snacks and three main meals a day and all drinks are included in the cost of the holiday - hence, the name, all inclusive vacation package.However, there is more to it than that. All inclusives also incorporate on site games and amusements and some others as well. For example, a Caribbean all inclusive vacation package might include the use of snorkels and goggles, but it would seldom stretch to the use of scuba gear or wet suits.Another benefit of the all inclusive holiday resort is that they often cater for families with young children. They may supply child alarms in the chalets and free entertainment for adult holiday makers in the evening and night too. The resort might also provide baby sitters and a free taxi into town.All inclusive vacation packages are a very different deal from standard vacation or rental packages. All inclusives are more geared towards families with young children between, say five and fifteen, because children of this age eat a lot, although it is usually junk food, which usually costs a lot on holiday, but is in fact, cheap to make. The evenings' entertainment is also on site so that parents can be easily reached if there is a problem.
- #35 http://www.slideshare.net/Nostrad/btec-national-travel-and-tourism
- #67 TASK: What are the negative and positive impacts of a merger?TASK: Can you think of any tourism takeovers?