An ecosystem includes all living and non-living things in a particular area. It is composed of the biotope, which are the non-living components like soil and temperature, and the biocoenosis, which are the living things. Trophic relationships refer to how organisms obtain energy by eating other organisms in a food chain. Ecosystems can be classified by type and include cities, woodlands, coasts, prairies, and ponds. The biosphere is the largest biome and includes all Earth's ecosystems. Ecosystems change naturally through seasonal variations but human activities like pollution, overfishing, forest fires, and deforestation can also significantly impact ecosystems.

1. natural

2. What’s an ecosystem?
An ecosystem includes all of the living and non-living things in a
particular place.
A habitat is the place where a particular living thing lives.

3. What are ecosystems like?
An ecosystem is made up of two parts, the biotope and the
biocoenosis. The biotope includes all of the non-living things in an
ecosystem, such as geographical relief, soil, light and temperature.
The biocoenosis includes all the living things in an ecosystem.

4. What are trophic relationships?
The relationships between the organisms that eat and the
organisms that are eaten are called trophic relationships.

5. What’s a food chain?
A food chain shows the trophic relationships between different
organisms.

6. How do we classify ecosystems?
City
Woodland Coast PondPrairie

7. What’s the biosphere?
The place where a population lives is called its habitat. An ecosystem that has
several types of habitat is called a biome. The biosphere is the biggest known
biome. It includes all of the ecosystems on Earth.
BiomeHabitat Biosphere

8. Why do ecosystems change?
Natural changes in ecosystems are caused by variations in environmental
conditions, such as seasonal changes or the natural development of ecological
communities. Fires are frequent in the summer. Often the fires are caused by
human activity, but sometimes they’re caused by lightning.

9. Why do ecosystems change?
Human activities such as pollution, overfishing, forest fires and
deforestation can destroy habitats or entire ecosystems.
OverfishingPollution Forest fires Deforestation

10. What have we learnt?
biotope biocoenosis
The two parts that compose an ecosystem are ...

11. What have we learnt?
woodland city prairie coast
The different types of ecosystems are …
pond

12. What have we learnt?
overfishing forest fires deforestation
Human activities that change ecosystems include ...
pollution