The document explores the complexities of defining the mind, highlighting the abstract nature of the mind compared to the physical brain. It discusses the interdependent relationship between mind and body, particularly how psychological processes can influence physical health as seen in psychoneuroimmunology. Various examples illustrate these concepts, including instances of mind-body connections in athletes and those with brain injuries.

1. UNDERSTANDING MIND
AND BEHAVIOUR
MADE BY MANSVI
SEHRAWAT
11-D

2. WHY IT IS HARD TO DEFINE MIND ?
Firstly, mind cannot be defined in concrete behavioural terms.
Secondly, there are no animal models to study human mind or
mental illnesses.
Thirdly, the study of human mind is done invariably by another
human mind . And , hence, an unbiased objective interpretation of
finding become difficult.
Fourthly, any concept of mind has far reaching implications not just
in medicine, but also outside it .
Lastly, stringent research about the human mind has several human
rights related and ethical limiations.

3. MIND
Mind is an entity which is abstract
i.e, which does not exist
physically.
OTHER DEFINITIONS
a. The element of a person that
enables them to be aware of
the world and its experiences,
to think, and to feel; the
faculty of consciousness and
thought.
b. The part of you that thinks,
knows, remembers and feels.

4. If the term “mind” has returned to
psychology, we should thank neuroscientists
like Sperry and physicists like Penrose, who
have given it the respect which it deserved
and now has . There are scientists in various
disciplines including psychology, although it
is still far away.

5. TYPES OF MIND
There are basically 3 types of minds :
1. SUBCONCIOUS MIND
2. CONCIOUS MIND
3. UNCONCIOUS MIND

7. DIFFERENCE B/W MIND AND BRAIN
MIND
It is an abstract entity.
It is not made up of any cells and
is hypothetical.
It does not have a definite shape
and structure.
It refers to a person’s conscience
i.e , understanding thoughts and
processes.

BRAIN
It is a physical entity.
It is made up of blood vessels
and nerve cells.
It has a definite shape and
structure.
Brain coordinates movements,
functions and feelings of the
body.

8. RELATIONSHIP B/W MIND AND
BRAIN
There are differences
b/w the brain. But one
cannot deny the
opposite of it. Mind is a
separate entity but it is
also true that mind
cannot exist without
brain. There is an
interdependent
relationship b/w the
two.
The mind-body, or the
brain-body, connection
the link b/w a person’s
thoughts, feelings and
behavior and their
physical symptoms.

9. EXAMPLES OF MIND-BODY
CONNECTION
EXAMPLE OF AN ATHLETE
An amateur athlete lost his arm in a motorcycle accident but
continued to feelan “arm” and also continued to feel its movements.
When offered coffee, his “phantom arm” reached out to the coffee cup
and when someone pulled it away, he protested.
EXAMPLE OF A YOUNG MAN
A young man who had suffered brain injury in an accident, after he
returned home from the hospital, claimed that his parents had been
replaced by their “duplicates”, and in reality, they were imposters.

10. CONCLUSION
In each of these cases, the person had
suffered from damage of some part of the
brain but his “mind” had remained intact .
Earlier it was believed by scientists that
there is no relationship b/w mind and
body. But, recent studies have shown that
there is a relationship b/w mind and
behavior.

11. INTERESTING FACT ABOUT
DREAMING
THE SENSE OF FALLING INVOLVED IN A
DREAM ACTUALLY COMES FROM THE
BRAIN FALLING ASLEEP TOO FAST AND
ASSUMING IT IS DYING.

12. PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY
Breaking down the word:
Psycho- emotional behavior
Neuro - hypothalamic/pituitary axis
Immuno- immune system involvement
Logy- study of

13. INTRODUCTION
Psychoneuroimmunology(PNI) deals with the
study of the interaction b/w psychological
processes and the nervous and immune systems of
the human body.
Until 1970, it was thought among the modern
western medical community that immune system
functions without any influence from any other
parts or functions of the body.
Dr. Robert Ader in 1975 coined the term
psychoneuroimmunology to show a link b/w the
way people think and about there health.

14. FLOW CHART-
PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY

15. EXAMPLE
FOR EXAMPLE, IF A PERSON IS TOLD THAT THEY HAVE ADANGEROUS
AND POSSIBLY FATAL DISEASE, THEY ARE MORE LIKELY TO BECOME
DEPRESSED.
PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY SUGGEST THAT THIS DEPRESSION CAN
ACTUALLY LEAD TO MORE HEALTH PROBLEMS.
RESEARCH OF THE LATE 20TH CENTURY AND EARLY 21ST CENTURY
INDICATES THAT THERE IS A CONNECTION B/W STRONG EMOTIONS
LIKE RAGE, ANGER, FEAR, JOY AND STRENGTH WITH THE IMMUNE
SYSTEM.