Ubaid afzal (13)
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Explants are small pieces of plant tissue that are aseptically cut from various plant parts like shoots, leaves, stems, flowers and roots to initiate a culture. The correct choice of explant depends on the type of culture, its purpose and the plant species. A minimum explant size is needed for successful culture initiation and varies depending on the plant's genotype and culture conditions. To obtain contamination-free explants, surface microbes are removed through rinsing and sterilization techniques like using ethanol solutions and conducting sterilization under vacuum.
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plant tissue culture by thanuja
This document provides an overview of plant tissue culture. It defines tissue culture as the in vitro cultivation of plant cells or tissues under aseptic conditions on a nutrient medium. The history and key figures in the development of plant tissue culture are discussed. Details are provided on nutrient requirements, preparation and sterilization of culture media, basic laboratory requirements, establishment of cultures from explants, and types of growth and cultures. The advantages and applications of plant tissue culture are also summarized.
Online assignment
1. Plant tissue culture is a technique developed in 1898 that allows plant parts like organs, cells, and tissues to be grown in vitro to form a complete plant.
2. The discovery of auxins and cytokinins rapidly advanced the field in the mid-20th century by enabling more effective callus culture and cell suspension culture.
3. Modern applications of plant tissue culture include mass micropropagation of plants for agriculture and forestry, producing transgenic plants, creating synthetic seeds, and exploiting somaclonal variation.
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This document discusses plant tissue culture and its applications. It defines key terms like totipotency and organogenesis. It explains that plant cell differentiation is affected by the hormones auxin and cytokinin. The proper ratio of these hormones can induce root, shoot, or callus development. Micropropagation is then described as the process of multiplying plants in vitro, typically using meristem explants to minimize variation. Somaclonal variation, or mutations from tissue culture, can be a source of variation for plant breeding when induced by physical or chemical mutagens.
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This document discusses plant tissue culture techniques. It begins by explaining how plant tissue culture has become popular for horticultural and industrial applications as well as studying plant growth and development. It then describes the history and development of plant tissue culture, including its earliest uses and current commercial applications like micropropagation. The rest of the document details the various techniques involved in plant tissue culture, including quantitative and qualitative improvement approaches, micropropagation stages and methods, and troubleshooting browning issues.
Plant tissue culture
Plant tissue culture involves growing plant cells, tissues, or organs in sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium. Key aspects of plant tissue culture include selecting and sterilizing explant tissue, transferring it to a solid culture medium containing hormones, and periodically moving the growing tissue to new media for multiplication. The growing plantlets are eventually transferred to pots and grown in a greenhouse. Plant tissue culture allows for conservation of endangered species, production of virus-free plants, hybrid regeneration, and faster plant growth.
Plant tissue culture
Tissue culture is a technique where cells, tissues or whole plants are grown in a sterile nutrient culture medium under controlled conditions. It allows for rapid vegetative propagation of plants. Key steps include sterilizing equipment and explants, preparing nutrient medium, subculturing to promote growth, and rooting and hardening plantlets. Tissue culture has many applications like mass multiplication of crops and plants, eliminating diseases, and genetic modification. It is used commercially for propagating crops but contamination and rooting difficulties can be issues.
Plant tissue culture lab,sedf
The document provides information about plant tissue culture including the history, basic procedures, requirements for establishing a tissue culture laboratory, common terms used, and advantages and disadvantages. It describes the key steps of taking an explant from a mother plant, culturing it in a sterile nutrient medium, and multiplying the plantlets. The goal of tissue culture is to produce many genetically identical copies of desirable plants in a controlled, contaminant-free environment.
Problems in plant tissue culture
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plant tissue culture by thanuja
This document provides an overview of plant tissue culture. It defines tissue culture as the in vitro cultivation of plant cells or tissues under aseptic conditions on a nutrient medium. The history and key figures in the development of plant tissue culture are discussed. Details are provided on nutrient requirements, preparation and sterilization of culture media, basic laboratory requirements, establishment of cultures from explants, and types of growth and cultures. The advantages and applications of plant tissue culture are also summarized.
Online assignment
1. Plant tissue culture is a technique developed in 1898 that allows plant parts like organs, cells, and tissues to be grown in vitro to form a complete plant.
2. The discovery of auxins and cytokinins rapidly advanced the field in the mid-20th century by enabling more effective callus culture and cell suspension culture.
3. Modern applications of plant tissue culture include mass micropropagation of plants for agriculture and forestry, producing transgenic plants, creating synthetic seeds, and exploiting somaclonal variation.
APPLICATION OF PLANT TISSUE CULTURE
This document discusses plant tissue culture and its applications. It defines key terms like totipotency and organogenesis. It explains that plant cell differentiation is affected by the hormones auxin and cytokinin. The proper ratio of these hormones can induce root, shoot, or callus development. Micropropagation is then described as the process of multiplying plants in vitro, typically using meristem explants to minimize variation. Somaclonal variation, or mutations from tissue culture, can be a source of variation for plant breeding when induced by physical or chemical mutagens.
Plant tissue culture techniques
This document discusses plant tissue culture techniques. It begins by explaining how plant tissue culture has become popular for horticultural and industrial applications as well as studying plant growth and development. It then describes the history and development of plant tissue culture, including its earliest uses and current commercial applications like micropropagation. The rest of the document details the various techniques involved in plant tissue culture, including quantitative and qualitative improvement approaches, micropropagation stages and methods, and troubleshooting browning issues.
Plant tissue culture
Plant tissue culture involves growing plant cells, tissues, or organs in sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium. Key aspects of plant tissue culture include selecting and sterilizing explant tissue, transferring it to a solid culture medium containing hormones, and periodically moving the growing tissue to new media for multiplication. The growing plantlets are eventually transferred to pots and grown in a greenhouse. Plant tissue culture allows for conservation of endangered species, production of virus-free plants, hybrid regeneration, and faster plant growth.
Plant tissue culture
Tissue culture is a technique where cells, tissues or whole plants are grown in a sterile nutrient culture medium under controlled conditions. It allows for rapid vegetative propagation of plants. Key steps include sterilizing equipment and explants, preparing nutrient medium, subculturing to promote growth, and rooting and hardening plantlets. Tissue culture has many applications like mass multiplication of crops and plants, eliminating diseases, and genetic modification. It is used commercially for propagating crops but contamination and rooting difficulties can be issues.
Plant tissue culture lab,sedf
The document provides information about plant tissue culture including the history, basic procedures, requirements for establishing a tissue culture laboratory, common terms used, and advantages and disadvantages. It describes the key steps of taking an explant from a mother plant, culturing it in a sterile nutrient medium, and multiplying the plantlets. The goal of tissue culture is to produce many genetically identical copies of desirable plants in a controlled, contaminant-free environment.
Problems in plant tissue culture
1. Recalcitrance
2. Contamination
3. Phenolic browning
4. Seasonal variation
5. Vitrification( hyperhydricity)
6. Somaclonal Variation
Plant tissue culture
The document provides information about plant tissue culture. It discusses techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues, and organs under sterile conditions. Plant tissue culture is used for micropropagation to produce clones of plants. The document outlines various types of plant tissue culture, including callus culture, single cell culture, root tip culture, shoot tip culture, anther culture, and their applications in plant breeding and biotechnology.
PPT on Tissue Culture Class 10 CBSE Text Book NCERT.
This is a PPT Based on Class 10 Chapter How Do Organisms Reproduce, on a Small Topic of it That is Tissue Culture with easy and detailed explanation of each topic of tissue culture along with some pictures and some examples. Hopefully it Would Be Helpful To You. Thank You.
Plant tissue culture
Plant tissue culture involves culturing small plant pieces (explants) in sterile nutrient medium. The history of plant tissue culture began in 1902 with Haberlandt's experiments culturing single plant cells. Basic facilities for plant tissue culture include sterile equipment, media preparation and storage, aseptic manipulation of plant material, and controlled growth conditions. Sterilization of all materials, including glassware, media, instruments, and plant tissues, is essential to maintain aseptic conditions and prevent microbial contamination. Common sterilization methods include autoclaving, dry heat, filtration, chemicals, and surface sterilization of plant tissues.
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This document discusses techniques for in vitro clonal propagation of fruit crops. It covers the basics of micropropagation, which involves four stages: establishment, shoot multiplication, root formation, and acclimatization. Various tissue culture techniques are described that can be used for clonal propagation, including meristem culture, shoot tip micrografting, anther culture, embryo culture, ovary/ovule culture, callus culture, cell suspension culture, and protoplast culture. Requirements for facilities, media preparation, and procedures for each stage of micropropagation are provided. The document aims to inform the reader about the various in vitro techniques that can be used for commercial clonal propagation of fruit crops.
Tissue Culture
1. Plant tissue culture is a set of techniques used to propagate plants under sterile conditions on artificial nutrient media.
2. Meristematic cells have the ability to differentiate into all plant cell types and can be used to regenerate an entire plant through tissue culture techniques.
3. The basic steps of micropropagation include sterilization, establishment of explants on nutrient media, shoot multiplication, and rooting to regenerate whole plants that can be hardened off and transferred to soil conditions.
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This presentation is about to the Tissue Culture Technique like Culture room, Sterilization, Autoclaving, Nutrients media.
Plant tissue culture
This document provides an overview of plant tissue culture techniques. It discusses that plant tissue culture involves growing plant cells, tissues or organs in a sterile environment with nutrient media. The techniques rely on two principles - totipotency, the ability of plant cells to regenerate into a whole plant, and plasticity, the ability of plants to alter their growth in response to their environment. Explants from various plant tissues are sterilized and placed on culture media, which are composed of inorganic salts, organic nutrients and plant hormones. The culture media, explant source, and plant species can affect regeneration efficiency. Applications of plant tissue culture include commercial plant production, conservation of rare species, screening for desirable traits like herbicide resistance, and
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Tissue culture involves growing plant and animal cells, tissues, or organs artificially in a sterile environment with a nutrient medium. It allows for cloning and mass propagation of plants and animals. Tissue culture requires selecting appropriate explant tissue, developing a sterile culture medium with growth regulators, and regularly subculturing and multiplying the cells. It has many applications like rapidly propagating desirable crops and endangered species, providing pathogen-free plants, selecting for improved varieties, and studying cell processes. Animal tissue culture differs in requiring serum, having limited cell divisions, and posing some biohazard risks. Its uses include growing viruses, producing monoclonal antibodies, and facilitating genetic studies.
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This document discusses plant tissue culture, in vitro pollination, and in vitro fertilization. It covers the history of plant tissue culture, types of tissue culture including meristem culture and callus culture, selection of explants, and the basic steps of tissue culture including inoculation and induction of callus. It also describes different types of in vitro pollination and techniques for in vitro fertilization in maize plants, including isolation of sperm and egg cells. Applications of these techniques include micropropagation of ornamental plants and production of artificial seeds.
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See more
https://goo.gl/pXccQD
https://goo.gl/MNnSqw
https://goo.gl/QgJiqW
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Plant Tissue Culture in India, Commercialization of Plant Tissue Culture in India, Role of Plant Tissue Culture in Agriculture, Plant Tissue Culture Industry in India, Industrial Plant Tissue Culture, Tissue Culture in Agriculture, Plant Tissue Culture, Tissue Culture, Cell Culture and Tissue Culture, Tissue Culture and Cell Culture, Tissue Culture in Plants, Plant Cell and Tissue Culture, Commercial Plant Tissue Culture in India, Plant Tissue Culture Business Plan, Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology, Tissue Culture Plants, Plant Tissue Culture Business Plan, Business Opportunities in Plant Tissue Culture, Tissue Culture Methods, Cybrid Production, Process of Cybrids Production, Production of Cybrids, Production of Cybrid Plants, Production of Haploid Plants, Haploid Production, Plant Secondary Metabolism, Production of Secondary Metabolites, Production of Secondary Metabolites Using Plant Cell Cultures, Plant Tissue Cultures in Production of Secondary Metabolites, Secondary Metabolites Production, Production of Somatic Hybrid Plants, Somatic Hybridization of Plants, Somatic Hybrid, Somatic Hybrid Production, Production of Enriched Biomass, Enrichment on Biomass Production, Formulation of Tissue Culture Medium, Collection of Explant Materials, Subculture of Callus, Regeneration of Plants from Callus, Preparation of Chick Embryo Extract, Preparation of Embryo Extract from Young Embryos, Preparation of Bovine Embryo Extract, Preparation of Eagles Medium, Media for Plant Tissues, Organ Culture, Preparation of Trypsinised Embryonic Carcass, Enrichment Culture Methods, Genetic Modification of Industrial Microorganisms Mutation
Ojuederie's college seminar
This document provides an overview of plant tissue culture methods and applications. It discusses the basic concepts of plant tissue culture, including plasticity and totipotency. The stages of micropropagation are outlined as initiation, multiplication, rooting, and transfer to soil. Micropropagation involves regeneration and multiplication of plants from explants like axillary buds and shoot tips. The document also discusses meristem culture, shoot tip culture, growth media, factors affecting tissue culture, applications like disease elimination and germplasm conservation, somaclonal variation, and cryopreservation.
plant tissue culture ppt
Biodiversity refers to variability among living organisms, including diversity within and between species and ecosystems. Madhya Pradesh has high biodiversity with 30.72% forest cover across 17 forest communities containing 35 tree species. In Indore, most species are vulnerable, threatened, or of least concern while 14% of species are data deficient and 2% are extinct in the wild. Biodiversity loss is increasing due to human activity like habitat loss and climate change. Conservation methods include protected areas, tissue culture of endangered plants, reducing climate change impacts, and education. Tissue culture involves culturing cells or tissues in a nutrient medium and has principles of totipotency and plasticity. It is a method to propagate plants rapidly.
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Industria1l ppt vivek
This document presents an industrial presentation on plant tissue culture. It introduces plant tissue culture as a process to generate entire plantlets under controlled conditions using plant parts. The basic apparatus needed for a plant tissue culture lab is described, including hot air ovens, autoclaves, laminar airflow hoods, and basic media like MS media. The basic protocol of plant tissue culture is outlined, including sterilization, media preparation, explant inoculation, incubation, and subculture. Aloe vera and potato were cultured as examples - aloe vera callus growth was observed after 40-45 days and potato growth after 45 days.
Plant tissue culture ⅱ
This document discusses several applications of plant tissue culture, including clonal propagation to produce genetically identical copies of plants, synthetic seed production, somatic hybridization to create hybrids between sexually incompatible plants, and cryopreservation for long-term germplasm storage. Clonal propagation is used in horticulture and forestry to multiply desirable traits from a single donor plant. Synthetic seeds encapsulate somatic embryos to allow for disease-free propagation of asexually reproducing plants. Somatic hybridization uses isolated protoplasts to create hybrids and introduce traits from wild plants to crops. Cryopreservation stores plant tissues and organs at ultra-low temperatures in liquid nitrogen for long-term conservation of plant germplasm.
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Plant tissue culture technique and its commercial application on horticultural crops.It is the best technique used all over the world to produce the replica of the plant in high number especially used for highly demanding crops.
Plant tissue culture techniques
Plant tissue culture is the process of growing plant cells, tissues or organs in an artificial nutrient medium under sterile conditions. It allows plants to be grown in vitro from small meristematic tissues. There are several types of plant tissue culture including callus culture, organ culture and cell suspension culture. The basic technique involves surface sterilization of explant tissue followed by establishment and subculture of the culture on nutrient media. Callus culture specifically produces an undifferentiated mass of plant cells called a callus from explants. Plant tissue culture has many applications including disease elimination, genetic studies, large scale propagation and crop improvement.
Plant tissue culture 3
Plant tissue culture is a process where plant cells, tissues, or organs are cultured in an aseptic, nutrient-rich environment. This document discusses plant tissue culture, including its definition, history, requirements, processes, and applications. Specifically, it examines a study that analyzed phenolic content and antioxidant activity of extracts from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) callus cultures, finding the highest yields using woody plant medium supplemented with specific hormones.
Tissue culture Applications For Genetic Improvement of Crop plants
Tissue culture techniques can be used for genetic improvement of plants. Some key applications include:
1. Meristem culture which allows production of virus-free plants by cultivating shoot meristems. This eliminates viruses that move through the vascular system.
2. Somaclonal variation which induces genetic variability that can be used for crop improvement traits like disease resistance. Selected variants require extensive field trials due to genetic instability.
3. Mutagenesis uses physical or chemical mutagens to induce desirable mutations and improve traits like disease resistance. However, frequency of desired mutations is low and screening large populations is required.
4. Embryo rescue promotes development of immature embryos, allowing interspecific hybridizations and
018 ubaid afzal
Explants are small pieces of plant tissue that are aseptically cut and used to initiate plant tissue culture. Explants can be taken from various plant parts like shoots, leaves, stems, flowers and roots. The correct choice of explant depends on the type of culture being initiated, its purpose, and the plant species. A minimum explant size is needed per culture volume for successful culture initiation, which varies by plant genotype and culture conditions. Contaminants on explants are removed through rinsing and surface sterilization to obtain contamination-free explants for tissue culture.
Inoculation of explants
The document discusses explants used for clonal propagation in biotechnology of horticultural crops. It defines an explant as a tissue taken from a mother plant and cultured under aseptic conditions on a defined medium. The choice of explant depends on the type of culture to be initiated, its purpose, and the plant species. Common explant sources include shoots, leaves, stems, and roots. Explants must be surface sterilized to remove contaminants and allow contamination-free culture initiation. Sub-culturing is needed when cells reach the stationary state of growth.
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Plant tissue culture
The document provides information about plant tissue culture. It discusses techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues, and organs under sterile conditions. Plant tissue culture is used for micropropagation to produce clones of plants. The document outlines various types of plant tissue culture, including callus culture, single cell culture, root tip culture, shoot tip culture, anther culture, and their applications in plant breeding and biotechnology.
PPT on Tissue Culture Class 10 CBSE Text Book NCERT.
This is a PPT Based on Class 10 Chapter How Do Organisms Reproduce, on a Small Topic of it That is Tissue Culture with easy and detailed explanation of each topic of tissue culture along with some pictures and some examples. Hopefully it Would Be Helpful To You. Thank You.
Plant tissue culture
Plant tissue culture involves culturing small plant pieces (explants) in sterile nutrient medium. The history of plant tissue culture began in 1902 with Haberlandt's experiments culturing single plant cells. Basic facilities for plant tissue culture include sterile equipment, media preparation and storage, aseptic manipulation of plant material, and controlled growth conditions. Sterilization of all materials, including glassware, media, instruments, and plant tissues, is essential to maintain aseptic conditions and prevent microbial contamination. Common sterilization methods include autoclaving, dry heat, filtration, chemicals, and surface sterilization of plant tissues.
Tissue culture
This document discusses techniques for in vitro clonal propagation of fruit crops. It covers the basics of micropropagation, which involves four stages: establishment, shoot multiplication, root formation, and acclimatization. Various tissue culture techniques are described that can be used for clonal propagation, including meristem culture, shoot tip micrografting, anther culture, embryo culture, ovary/ovule culture, callus culture, cell suspension culture, and protoplast culture. Requirements for facilities, media preparation, and procedures for each stage of micropropagation are provided. The document aims to inform the reader about the various in vitro techniques that can be used for commercial clonal propagation of fruit crops.
Tissue Culture
1. Plant tissue culture is a set of techniques used to propagate plants under sterile conditions on artificial nutrient media.
2. Meristematic cells have the ability to differentiate into all plant cell types and can be used to regenerate an entire plant through tissue culture techniques.
3. The basic steps of micropropagation include sterilization, establishment of explants on nutrient media, shoot multiplication, and rooting to regenerate whole plants that can be hardened off and transferred to soil conditions.
Tissue culture technique
This presentation is about to the Tissue Culture Technique like Culture room, Sterilization, Autoclaving, Nutrients media.
Plant tissue culture
This document provides an overview of plant tissue culture techniques. It discusses that plant tissue culture involves growing plant cells, tissues or organs in a sterile environment with nutrient media. The techniques rely on two principles - totipotency, the ability of plant cells to regenerate into a whole plant, and plasticity, the ability of plants to alter their growth in response to their environment. Explants from various plant tissues are sterilized and placed on culture media, which are composed of inorganic salts, organic nutrients and plant hormones. The culture media, explant source, and plant species can affect regeneration efficiency. Applications of plant tissue culture include commercial plant production, conservation of rare species, screening for desirable traits like herbicide resistance, and
Tissue culture and applications
Tissue culture involves growing plant and animal cells, tissues, or organs artificially in a sterile environment with a nutrient medium. It allows for cloning and mass propagation of plants and animals. Tissue culture requires selecting appropriate explant tissue, developing a sterile culture medium with growth regulators, and regularly subculturing and multiplying the cells. It has many applications like rapidly propagating desirable crops and endangered species, providing pathogen-free plants, selecting for improved varieties, and studying cell processes. Animal tissue culture differs in requiring serum, having limited cell divisions, and posing some biohazard risks. Its uses include growing viruses, producing monoclonal antibodies, and facilitating genetic studies.
Plant tissue culture
This document discusses plant tissue culture, in vitro pollination, and in vitro fertilization. It covers the history of plant tissue culture, types of tissue culture including meristem culture and callus culture, selection of explants, and the basic steps of tissue culture including inoculation and induction of callus. It also describes different types of in vitro pollination and techniques for in vitro fertilization in maize plants, including isolation of sperm and egg cells. Applications of these techniques include micropropagation of ornamental plants and production of artificial seeds.
Plant Tissue Culture
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Plants cell tissue culture is a rapidly developing technology which holds promise of restructuring agricultural and forestry practices. During the last two decades cell culture have made considerable advanced in the field of agriculture, horticulture, plant breeding, forestry, somatic cell genetics, phytopathology etc. Plant cells can be grown in isolation from intact plants in tissue culture systems. The cells have the characteristics of callus cells, rather than other plant cell types. These are the cells that appear on cut surfaces when a plant is wounded and which gradually cover and seal the damaged area.
See more
https://goo.gl/pXccQD
https://goo.gl/MNnSqw
https://goo.gl/QgJiqW
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Plant Tissue Culture in India, Commercialization of Plant Tissue Culture in India, Role of Plant Tissue Culture in Agriculture, Plant Tissue Culture Industry in India, Industrial Plant Tissue Culture, Tissue Culture in Agriculture, Plant Tissue Culture, Tissue Culture, Cell Culture and Tissue Culture, Tissue Culture and Cell Culture, Tissue Culture in Plants, Plant Cell and Tissue Culture, Commercial Plant Tissue Culture in India, Plant Tissue Culture Business Plan, Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology, Tissue Culture Plants, Plant Tissue Culture Business Plan, Business Opportunities in Plant Tissue Culture, Tissue Culture Methods, Cybrid Production, Process of Cybrids Production, Production of Cybrids, Production of Cybrid Plants, Production of Haploid Plants, Haploid Production, Plant Secondary Metabolism, Production of Secondary Metabolites, Production of Secondary Metabolites Using Plant Cell Cultures, Plant Tissue Cultures in Production of Secondary Metabolites, Secondary Metabolites Production, Production of Somatic Hybrid Plants, Somatic Hybridization of Plants, Somatic Hybrid, Somatic Hybrid Production, Production of Enriched Biomass, Enrichment on Biomass Production, Formulation of Tissue Culture Medium, Collection of Explant Materials, Subculture of Callus, Regeneration of Plants from Callus, Preparation of Chick Embryo Extract, Preparation of Embryo Extract from Young Embryos, Preparation of Bovine Embryo Extract, Preparation of Eagles Medium, Media for Plant Tissues, Organ Culture, Preparation of Trypsinised Embryonic Carcass, Enrichment Culture Methods, Genetic Modification of Industrial Microorganisms Mutation
Ojuederie's college seminar
This document provides an overview of plant tissue culture methods and applications. It discusses the basic concepts of plant tissue culture, including plasticity and totipotency. The stages of micropropagation are outlined as initiation, multiplication, rooting, and transfer to soil. Micropropagation involves regeneration and multiplication of plants from explants like axillary buds and shoot tips. The document also discusses meristem culture, shoot tip culture, growth media, factors affecting tissue culture, applications like disease elimination and germplasm conservation, somaclonal variation, and cryopreservation.
plant tissue culture ppt
Biodiversity refers to variability among living organisms, including diversity within and between species and ecosystems. Madhya Pradesh has high biodiversity with 30.72% forest cover across 17 forest communities containing 35 tree species. In Indore, most species are vulnerable, threatened, or of least concern while 14% of species are data deficient and 2% are extinct in the wild. Biodiversity loss is increasing due to human activity like habitat loss and climate change. Conservation methods include protected areas, tissue culture of endangered plants, reducing climate change impacts, and education. Tissue culture involves culturing cells or tissues in a nutrient medium and has principles of totipotency and plasticity. It is a method to propagate plants rapidly.
Introduction to organ culture in plant tissue culture and root culture
This presentation is all about the organ culture and its applications which is an important aspect in Plant tissue culture today. Also this presentation provide detail information about root culture and its basic appilication
Plant tissue culture
This document contains protocols for various plant tissue culture techniques. It discusses the introduction to plant tissue culture, sterilization techniques used, and then outlines 8 specific protocols: 1) tissue culture media preparation, 2) explant preparation and surface sterilization, 3) embryo culture, 4) culture of anther for haploid production, 5) meristem culture, 6) meristem tip culture for virus-free plants, 7) induction of somatic embryogenesis, and 8) protoplast isolation, culture, and regeneration. The goal of these protocols is to describe the principles and procedures of different plant tissue culture methods.
Industria1l ppt vivek
This document presents an industrial presentation on plant tissue culture. It introduces plant tissue culture as a process to generate entire plantlets under controlled conditions using plant parts. The basic apparatus needed for a plant tissue culture lab is described, including hot air ovens, autoclaves, laminar airflow hoods, and basic media like MS media. The basic protocol of plant tissue culture is outlined, including sterilization, media preparation, explant inoculation, incubation, and subculture. Aloe vera and potato were cultured as examples - aloe vera callus growth was observed after 40-45 days and potato growth after 45 days.
Plant tissue culture ⅱ
This document discusses several applications of plant tissue culture, including clonal propagation to produce genetically identical copies of plants, synthetic seed production, somatic hybridization to create hybrids between sexually incompatible plants, and cryopreservation for long-term germplasm storage. Clonal propagation is used in horticulture and forestry to multiply desirable traits from a single donor plant. Synthetic seeds encapsulate somatic embryos to allow for disease-free propagation of asexually reproducing plants. Somatic hybridization uses isolated protoplasts to create hybrids and introduce traits from wild plants to crops. Cryopreservation stores plant tissues and organs at ultra-low temperatures in liquid nitrogen for long-term conservation of plant germplasm.
Plant Tissue Culture Technique and its applications
Plant tissue culture technique and its commercial application on horticultural crops.It is the best technique used all over the world to produce the replica of the plant in high number especially used for highly demanding crops.
Plant tissue culture techniques
Plant tissue culture is the process of growing plant cells, tissues or organs in an artificial nutrient medium under sterile conditions. It allows plants to be grown in vitro from small meristematic tissues. There are several types of plant tissue culture including callus culture, organ culture and cell suspension culture. The basic technique involves surface sterilization of explant tissue followed by establishment and subculture of the culture on nutrient media. Callus culture specifically produces an undifferentiated mass of plant cells called a callus from explants. Plant tissue culture has many applications including disease elimination, genetic studies, large scale propagation and crop improvement.
Plant tissue culture 3
Plant tissue culture is a process where plant cells, tissues, or organs are cultured in an aseptic, nutrient-rich environment. This document discusses plant tissue culture, including its definition, history, requirements, processes, and applications. Specifically, it examines a study that analyzed phenolic content and antioxidant activity of extracts from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) callus cultures, finding the highest yields using woody plant medium supplemented with specific hormones.
Tissue culture Applications For Genetic Improvement of Crop plants
Tissue culture techniques can be used for genetic improvement of plants. Some key applications include:
1. Meristem culture which allows production of virus-free plants by cultivating shoot meristems. This eliminates viruses that move through the vascular system.
2. Somaclonal variation which induces genetic variability that can be used for crop improvement traits like disease resistance. Selected variants require extensive field trials due to genetic instability.
3. Mutagenesis uses physical or chemical mutagens to induce desirable mutations and improve traits like disease resistance. However, frequency of desired mutations is low and screening large populations is required.
4. Embryo rescue promotes development of immature embryos, allowing interspecific hybridizations and
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PPT on Tissue Culture Class 10 CBSE Text Book NCERT.
PPT on Tissue Culture Class 10 CBSE Text Book NCERT.
Introduction to organ culture in plant tissue culture and root culture
Introduction to organ culture in plant tissue culture and root culture
Plant Tissue Culture Technique and its applications
Plant Tissue Culture Technique and its applications
Tissue culture Applications For Genetic Improvement of Crop plants
Tissue culture Applications For Genetic Improvement of Crop plants
Similar to Ubaid afzal (13)
018 ubaid afzal
Explants are small pieces of plant tissue that are aseptically cut and used to initiate plant tissue culture. Explants can be taken from various plant parts like shoots, leaves, stems, flowers and roots. The correct choice of explant depends on the type of culture being initiated, its purpose, and the plant species. A minimum explant size is needed per culture volume for successful culture initiation, which varies by plant genotype and culture conditions. Contaminants on explants are removed through rinsing and surface sterilization to obtain contamination-free explants for tissue culture.
Inoculation of explants
The document discusses explants used for clonal propagation in biotechnology of horticultural crops. It defines an explant as a tissue taken from a mother plant and cultured under aseptic conditions on a defined medium. The choice of explant depends on the type of culture to be initiated, its purpose, and the plant species. Common explant sources include shoots, leaves, stems, and roots. Explants must be surface sterilized to remove contaminants and allow contamination-free culture initiation. Sub-culturing is needed when cells reach the stationary state of growth.
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METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF TISSUE CULTURE.pptx
Tissue culture is a method of biological research where plant tissues are grown under sterile conditions. There are several methods of plant tissue culture including seed culture, embryo culture, callus culture, cell culture, bud culture, meristem culture, and protoplast culture. Each method involves explants from various plant tissues being placed on nutrient media to induce cell growth and differentiation. Tissue culture has many applications including rapid clonal propagation, inducing genetic variation, producing transgenic plants, and conserving plant genetic resources.
Different types of Explants in Tissue Culture.pptx
Much faster rates of growth can be induced in vitro than by traditional means.
Multiplication of plants which are very difficult to propagate by cuttings or other traditional methods.
Production of large numbers of genetically identical clones in a short time
Seeds can be germinated with no risk of damping off/ predation.
Under certain conditions, plant material can be stored in vitro for considerable periods of time with little or no maintenance
Tissue culture techniques are used for virus eradication, genetic manipulation, somatic hybridization and other procedures that benefit propagation, crop improvement, and basic research.
By means of tissue culture it is possible to produce pathogen free plantlets by mass multiplication in a very limited amount of area from a very small sterile part of a mother plant. This method is also used to produce/ multiply plants that are to be transported across national border and so for their faster multiplication.But the establishment of a tissue culturing unit needs huge financial investments, skilled labors/technicians and required areas for its establishment are major constraints. Plant tissues grow and multiply in the labs only when there is an uncompetitive, growing condition with uninterrupted supply of nutrients.
Medium:
It contains all the elements that contribute the required nutrients that aid to the growth of the tissues; it is in liquid state or semi-solid in nature. The tissues are grown on the media. It consists of 95% of water, major and minor nutrients, plant growth hormones, vitamins, sugar rich compounds and chelating agents.
Totipotency:
It is the ability of a tissue or an organ of a plant to produce the whole plant, under the optional laboratory conditions and this is called as Totipotency. This is the baseline over which plant tissue culture relies upon.
Callus Culture:
When the cells divide into an undifferentiated mass it is called as callus. Any part of a plant can be used to produce the calli. It may be a stem, leaf, meristem or any other part. It is used to produce variations among the plantlets.
Suspension culture:
The callus produced from the explants are grown on nutrient solutions (that are semi solid) for a period of time and they are induced to produce plants with new traits.
Embryo Culture:
The method of culturing mature and immature embryos in media is called embryo culture. By this method, it is possible to produce plants from dormant seeds and seeds with metabolites that inhibit germination. This method is very important in crop improvement programs.
Somatic Embryogenesis:
When the plants are grown on nutrient media, calli are formed. When these calli are subjected to growth in cytokinin medium, somatic embryos are formed. They are circular, elongated,
Single cell culture
• As stated earlier, cells derived from a single cell through mitosis constitute a clone and the process of obtaining clones is called cloning (asexual progeny of a single individual make up.
SHOOT TIP CULTURE.pptx
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Presentation on methods of plant breeding, classification of breeding methods, methods of breeding for self-pollinated,cross-pollinated and asexually propagated species, a brief account of breeding methodsPlant tissue culture
This document discusses plant tissue culture and its various applications. It begins by defining tissue culture as the culture and maintenance of plant cells or organs in sterile conditions in vitro. Some key points made include: tissue culture produces clones with the same genotype; it is used commercially for plant propagation through micropropagation; and a reliable growth medium was developed in 1962 which helped tissue culture take off commercially. The document then discusses the various conditions needed for plant cells to multiply in vitro, such as appropriate explant tissue, a suitable nutrient medium, aseptic conditions, and growth regulators. It also describes processes like callus culture, organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, and applications including seed culture, embryo culture, and organ culture.
Plant tissue culture
This document provides information about plant tissue culture techniques. It discusses that plant tissue culture involves culturing small explant tissues in a sterile nutrient medium under controlled conditions. With the addition of hormones, new shoots and roots can be induced to grow from explants. Tissue culture is used for micropropagation to produce clones of plants. Single plant cells also have the ability to regenerate into whole plants given the right conditions. The document outlines the composition of solid and liquid culture media, different tissue culture techniques, types of culture, advantages, applications and nutritional requirements for plant tissue culture.
Cultivation methods.pptx.pdf#pharmacogno
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Plant propagation nxeitxh
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Ubaid afzal (21)
Plant tissue culture, also known as micropropagation, is the rapid multiplication of plant material using sterile tissue culture techniques. It allows for the production of many exact genetic copies of plants with desirable traits quickly and without the need for seeds or pollinators. However, it is an expensive and labor-intensive process, and there is a risk that diseases or abnormalities could infect or appear in the cloned plants.
Types of Plant tissue culture.pptx
Types of plant tissue culture include callus culture, single cell culture, root tip culture, leaves culture, shoot tip culture, complete flower culture, anther culture, and pollens culture. Callus culture involves forming an unorganized mass of actively dividing cells from explants. Single cell culture uses techniques like root tip culture to obtain clones from a single cell. Other techniques culture various plant parts like shoot tips, leaves, flowers, anthers, and pollen grains to produce new plants.
Introduction to: Plant Tissue Culture
This document provides an overview of plant tissue culture techniques. It defines plant tissue culture as growing plant cells, organs or tissues in a sterile environment with nutrient media. The key requirements for plant tissue culture are appropriate explant tissue, a suitable growth medium, aseptic conditions, growth regulators, and frequent sub-culturing. Plant tissue culture has advantages over working with intact plants like enabling large-scale growth and genetic modification. The document discusses regeneration methods like shoot regeneration and somatic embryogenesis that allow developing whole plants from cultured cells or tissues. It also covers the stages of micropropagation including multiplication, rooting, and acclimatization of plantlets.
Basic Concepts of Seed Production and Seed Regeneration
This document provides an overview of seed production and regeneration, covering topics such as plant reproduction processes, isolation techniques, seed harvesting, cleaning, drying, storage, and germination testing. It discusses the differences between self-pollinating and cross-pollinating plants and outlines best practices for maintaining genetic integrity. These include properly identifying and labeling plants, isolating varieties to prevent crossing, rogueing off-types, and maintaining a minimum population size of varieties. The document also covers annual and biennial crop lifecycles and factors that influence flowering, such as photoperiod response and vernalization.
MEDICINAL PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY UNIT 2, MPG, SEM 2.pptx
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Protoplast fusion, Hairy root multiple shoot cultures and their applications.
Micro propagation of medicinal and aromatic plants.
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Ubaid afzal (28)
This document discusses somaclonal variation, which is genetic variation seen in plants produced through plant tissue culture. Chromosomal rearrangements cause this variation. Somaclonal variation can be used by plant breeders to generate genetic diversity and develop plants with useful traits like stress tolerance or herbicide resistance. However, selected variants may be unstable or have undesirable side effects. The document provides examples of applying somaclonal variation to improve rice, wheat, maize, potato, tomato and sugarcane by selecting variants with traits like increased yield, disease resistance, or altered plant properties.
Ubaid afzal (35)
The document provides instructions for properly sterilizing work areas and equipment used for cell culture. Key steps include sterilizing the work area with 70% ethanol before and after use, sterilizing reagents and equipment via autoclave or sterile filters, and wearing proper protective equipment like gloves and masks to reduce contamination. Autoclaves use steam heat or dry heat to sterilize items at temperatures between 121-132C for 15-60 minutes depending on packaging. Sterile filters with a 0.2 micron pore size can sterilize heat-labile chemicals. Culture media can also be sterilized via microwaving.
Ubaid afzal (34)
1. Callus is an unorganized, dividing mass of cells that forms in plant tissues in response to wounding or tissue culture conditions.
2. The process of callus culture involves dedifferentiating explant cells so they begin rapidly dividing to form a callus, which then undergoes further differentiation and organization.
3. The document outlines the steps for inducing and maintaining carrot callus culture, including sterilizing and culturing explants on auxin-supplemented medium to induce callus formation over 4 weeks.
Ubaid afzal (33)
This document summarizes key developments in plant tissue culture from 1922 to 1983, including the first long-term culture of isolated plant tissues and organs, discoveries of nutrients necessary for growth, techniques for culturing single cells and tissues from various plant species, and the first production of transgenic tobacco plants through cell transformation.
Ubaid afzal (32)
Potato plants can be propagated in vitro using two methods: single node cuttings or shaken liquid culture. For single node cuttings, stem segments with a single node are placed on propagation medium and incubated to allow new plantlets to grow. Liquid shaken culture is more rapid, producing more plantlets in less time, by placing stem segments with axillary buds in a flask of liquid medium on an electric shaker. Tissue culture allows for the mass production of healthy potato plantlets for farmers and the testing of grower samples for pathogens.
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Transgenic plants are plants that have been genetically engineered using recombinant DNA techniques to create plants with new characteristics. The process involves artificially inserting a gene or genes known as transgenes to provide advantages like improved yield, quality, pest resistance, and tolerance to stresses. Common methods are used to insert genes from bacteria like Agrobacterium and Bacillus thuringiensis to impart herbicide and insect resistance. This allows for benefits like longer shelf life, higher production, and protection from viruses and pests.
Ubaid afzal (30)
Somaclonal variation refers to genetic variations that can occur in plants produced through tissue culture. Chromosomal rearrangements are a major source of this variation, which can be genotypic or phenotypic. To minimize somaclonal variation, one should select high-quality parent material, minimize the number of transfers in culture, investigate stable families for micropropagation, keep subcultures to a minimum, regularly reinitiate clones from new explants, avoid long term culture, use axillary shoot systems, and regularly reinitiate clones from new explants. Avoiding the plant growth regulator 2,4-D in culture media can also help since it is known to introduce variation.
Ubaid afzal (29)
Plant tissue culture techniques involve two main methods: static culture using solid agar medium, which is easier for initial cell line maintenance and investigation of organ formation; and suspension cultures using liquid medium, which allows for higher growth rates and superior biomass control as cells are fully surrounded by nutrients. Key tools and techniques for plant tissue culture include sterilization using autoclaves, pH meters to monitor medium pH, laminar airflow benches for aseptic work, and various analytical tools like colorimeters and chromatography for biochemical analysis. Plant growth chambers are also used to control environmental factors like light, temperature, and humidity.
Ubaid afzal (27)
This document discusses plant tissue culture, which involves growing plant cells, tissues, or organs under sterile conditions using a nutrient culture medium. Plant tissue culture is used to produce clones of plants through a process called micropropagation. It describes how callus formation is induced from plant tissue samples by growing unorganized plant cells. The key equipment used includes conical containers, forceps, agar, sucrose, plant growth regulators, and an autoclave for sterilizing explants and equipment prior to culturing plant cells and tissues to form callus or entire new plants.
Ubaid afzal (26)
Somaclonal variations refer to genetic or phenotypic variations that arise in plants produced through tissue culture. These variations can be heritable or non-heritable. Heritable variations are caused by pre-existing mutations in somatic cells or new mutations during tissue culture. Non-heritable variations are temporary phenotypic changes caused by epigenetic effects. Somaclonal variations can arise due to physiological, genetic, or biochemical causes like exposure to plant growth regulators, changes in chromosome number or structure, gene mutations, changes in DNA or protein levels, or alterations in metabolic pathways. While somaclonal variations can help crop improvement, selected variants may be genetically unstable and require extensive testing.
Ubaid afzal (25)
Plant tissue culture involves growing plant cells or tissues separately from the original plant, typically using liquid, solid, or semi-solid mediums. There are two main types of bud cultures used: single node culture and axillary bud culture. In single node culture, a bud with a small piece of stem is removed and cultured to develop into a new plantlet without added cytokinin. In axillary bud culture, a shoot tip containing axillary buds is cultured with high cytokinin levels, which stops apical dominance and promotes axillary bud growth. The optimal cytokinin to auxin ratio for axillary bud subculturing is typically around 10:1, but can vary depending on plant species and explant developmental stage
Ubaid afzal (24)
Root regeneration from callus can be achieved through tissue culture techniques. The process requires a callus formation from plant cells on nutrient-rich media supplemented with the appropriate phytohormones, especially auxins which play a central role in root regeneration. Upon the addition of auxins and cytokinins in precise concentrations, the callus undergoes de novo organogenesis to develop new roots through a process where adventitious roots regenerate from detached plant tissues.
Ubaid afzal (23)
Plant tissue culture is a technique to grow plant cells, tissues or organs in a sterile nutrient medium. It allows for cloning plants with desirable traits, rapid plant production without seeds, genetically modifying plants, and reducing disease. Explants are placed on solid culture media containing inorganic salts, organic nutrients, vitamins and plant hormones. Specific protocols describe sterilizing and culturing rice, sugarcane and cotton plant materials.
Ubaid afzal (22)
Heavy metals can cause toxicity and stress in plants. Some heavy metals like zinc and copper are necessary for plant growth, while others like cadmium, lead, and mercury have unknown biological functions. Heavy metals induce oxidative stress in plant cells, disrupting metabolism and growth. Plants can activate anti-oxidative enzymes to counteract reactive oxygen species and minimize the impacts of oxidative stress. Tissue culture is used to rapidly propagate genetically identical plants that can be grown in small spaces and used for phytoremediation strategies like phytoextraction and phytostabilization to reduce heavy metal levels or leaching in soil. Factors like plant species, soil pH, addition of chelators, and root zone absorption influence phyt
Ubaid afzal (20)
In vitro propagation involves studying organisms or their components in artificial environments outside of their natural biological context. This allows scientists to isolate specific parts of an organism like cells or proteins to explore their basic functions. Some key advantages of in vitro studies are that they provide simplicity by removing complexity, allow for convenience through automation and high-throughput screening, and enable the mass production of cloned plants that are disease-free and genetically uniform.
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Transgenic plants are created using genetic engineering processes to introduce genes from other species into a plant's genome. The tissue culture process is used because it allows a single transformed cell to be regenerated into an entire plant containing the transgene. A new gene is delivered into the nucleus of a plant cell and integrated into its chromosome. The transformed cell is then regenerated through tissue culture into a whole plant where the transgene becomes a permanent part of its genome, passing to its progeny.
Ubaid afzal (18)
Plant tissue culture provides a means to produce pathogen-free plants by eliminating contaminating bacteria. Bacteria that contaminate plant tissue cultures can originate from the explant tissue, the lab environment, operators, or ineffective sterilization techniques. Contaminants are identified and characterized using biochemical tests and purification methods to determine the source. Producing aseptic cultures involves indexing explants for contaminants, identifying and eliminating the contaminants, and maintaining pathogen-free plant stocks through tissue culture.
Ubaid afzal (17)
Limitations of plant tissue culture include: requiring sophisticated facilities and greater skill than conventional techniques; genetic instability and chromosomal abnormalities in some shoot-tip derived plants; expensive equipment costs for large-scale production; and variability in productivity dependent on species without trial experiments. The procedures also require special attention, infections may continue through generations, and decreased genetic diversity is possible if all plants are genetically similar.
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This document discusses methods for screening plant tissue cultures for virus resistance. It introduces that plant viruses cause crop losses and that current protection methods are limited. It then describes that putative virus-resistant transgenic plants are usually screened in greenhouses but that the authors developed mechanical and graft inoculation methods suitable for tissue culture screening to reduce costs and time. The in vitro methods were validated by comparing results to greenhouse screens, finding two transgenic potato lines showed strong resistance to potato virus Y infection with both methods. The in vitro methods were also used to infect other plant species with different viruses.
Ubaid afzal (15)
This document discusses the various types of chemicals used in plant tissue culture, including those that provide minerals and nutrients for plant growth, antimicrobials that suppress bacteria and fungi, biochemicals like amino acids and vitamins, and plant growth regulators like auxins and cytokinins that influence plant growth and differentiation. It also mentions other chemicals used for specific purposes, such as gelling agents that provide support for plant parts, enzymes that increase reaction rates, and dyes/indicators that aid in visualization and measurement.
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Ubaid afzal (13)
- 1. Characteristics & Selection of Explant
- 2. Explant: • The tissue obtained from a plant to be cultured is called an explant. • Explants are small pieces of plant parts or tissues. • Are aseptically cut and used to initiate a culture in a nutrient medium. • Explants can be taken from different parts of a plant such as: • shoots, leaves, stems, flowers, roots, and from many types of mature cells provided they are able to de-differentiate into totipotent cells.
- 4. Selection of Explants: • The correct choice of explant material can have an important effect on the success of tissue culture. The choice of explants depends on: 1) the kind of culture to be initiated 2) the purpose of the proposed culture 3) the plant species to be used
- 6. Conti.. • For successful culture initiation, there is a minimum size for explant per unit culture volume. • In practice, minimum inoculation size of explant varies according to the genotype of the plant being cultured and the cultural conditions. • For commencing suspension cultures it is commonly about 1-1.5 x 104 cells/ml.
- 8. Contamination Free: • Plants growing in the external environment are invariably contaminated with micro-organisms and pests. • These contaminants are mainly confined to the outer surfaces of the plant, although, some microbes and viruses can even grow within the root.
- 9. Conti…. • Most of the surface microbes do not form tight associations with the plant tissue. • They are easily removed from the explant by gently rinsing, and the remaining are killed by surface sterilization. • Placing the explant in a 70% ethyl alcohol solution prior to treatment with another disinfectant solution. • Conducting the sterilization process under vacuum. • This results in the removal of air bubbles and provides a more efficient sterilization process.
- 10. References: • Wikipedia, “Plant Tissue Culture”. N.p., 2016. Web. 3 Mar. 2016.
- 11. THANKS