Topic: Types of Variables Student Name: Dua Class: B.Ed. 2.5 Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)" "Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan

2. NAME: DUA QURESHI
DEPARTMENT: FACULTY OF EDUCATION
B.Ed. (2.5)(M)
ROLL NO: 2K17/BEDSM/12
ASSIGNMENT TOPIC: TYPES OF VARIABLES
SUBMITTED TO: DR. AMJAD ALI ARAIN

3. Variables
A variable is any characteristics, numbers or
quantity that can be measured or counted. A
variable may also called a data item
Example:- Age, Gender, Income, Expenses,
Country of birth etc.

5. 1) QUALITATIVE VARIABLE:-
Qualitative variables are also known as
categorical variables. Qualitative variables can be further
categorized as either nominal and ordinal .
NOMINAL:-
Nominal variables are variables that have two or more
categories, but which do not have an intrinsic order.
ORDINAL:-
Ordinal variables are variables that have two or
more categories just like nominal variables only the
categories can also be ordered or ranked.

6. 2) QUANTITATIVE VARIABLE:-
Quantitative variables are also known as Continuous
variables. Quantitative variables can be further categorized as
either interval or ratio variables.
INTERVAL:-
Interval variables are variables for which their central
characteristic is that they can be measured along a continuum
and they have a numerical value.
RATIO:-
Ratio is defined as a quantitative data, having the same
properties as interval data, with an equal and definitive ratio
between each data and absolute “zero” being a treated as a
point of origin. In other words, there can be no negative
numerical value in ratio data.

7. 1) DEPENDENT VARIABLES :-
The dependent variable is simply that, a variable
that is dependent on an independent variable.
2) INDEPENDENT VARIABLES:-
An independent variable, sometimes called an
experimental or predictor variable, is a variable that is
being manipulated in an experiment in order to observe the
effect on a dependent variable, sometimes called an
outcome variable.