types of cranes with a brief explanation of force and design considerations on telescopic cranes and use of the wireless system in Tower cranes to overcome visibility issues for crane operator

1. types of cranes
Submitted by
Mr. Dakshil Patel
Mr. Kishan Patel
Department of civil engineering ,
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University

2. Type of cranes
• 1) Mobile cranes
• 2) Fixed cranes

3. Mobile cranes
• Truck mounted cranes
• Telescopic truck mounted cranes
• All terrain cranes
• Crawler cranes
• Rail road
• Floating crane

4. Fixed cranes
• Tower Cranes
• Level Luffing Cranes
• Giant Cantilever Cranes
• Gantry Cranes
• Static Cranes
• General Cranes
• Heavy Cranes

5. Tower Crane
• urban construction sites.
• anchored to the ground
• Two horizontal, one used to suspend the heavy
loads to be lifted and the other fitted with heavy
concrete blocks as a counter-weight.
• controlled by a driver who either sits high above in
a small cabin located at the top of the tower, or
else uses a remote control system to operate his
machine from the ground.

6. Wireless
system in
tower crane

7. Gantry Crane
• able to slide along a rail framework
• employs a strong overhead gantry to lift and
manoeuvre extremely heavy prefabricated bridge
link loads.

8. Level-luffing
Crane
• crane is designed to stay at a constant level.
• up and down movements of the jib arm will only
move the hook towards, or away from, the base of
the crane.
• advantage of this type of movement is that the
crane can be set to operate at a fixed level, relative
to the ground, where such action is necessary to
handle load materials with precision

9. Crawler Crane
• crane fitted with caterpillar tracks
• used on soft and boggy ground where
wheeled vehicles would be unable to
operate.
• stable because its broad base and
tracking spreads the weight over a wide
area.
• useful on construction sites during the
initial phase of building projects where
their ability to move heavy loads over
areas of soft soil is a particular asset.

10. Floating crane
• mobile crane
• Floating in water
• bridges and port construction
• capable of carrying whole sections of bridge
through the water
• ideal choice for cargo handling on waterways

11. All terrain
crane
• carrier has all axle drive and all wheel steering.
• dual cabs,
• one for fast highway travel
• another has both drive and crane controls.

12. Rail road crane
• runs on rail tracks
• lifting the goods at station yards.
• installing signalling equipment
• track laying.

13. Telescopic
Crane
• Works on hydraulic mechanism
• set of concentric tubular steel booms
• the operational height of the crane can be altered
• mobile

14. Parts of
telescopic
crane
• Mother Boom
• Middle Boom
• Inner Boom
• Extension Cylinder
• Winch

16. Parts of
telescopic
crane
• Mother Boom: This is the outer most portion of
the system, consisting of other sections
extension, retraction system. Winch is mounted
on the left side of the boom . Extension cylinder
rear end is connected from the inside.
• Middle Boom: This is the second section of
booms comes inside the mother boom. The
other end of the extension cylinder is
connected with the Middle Boom.

17. Parts of
telescopic
crane
• Inner Boom: This is the third section of booms
comes inside the Middle boom. Inner Boom and
Middle booms are connected with each other
with rope mechanism. This rope mechanism is
known as boom extension and retraction
system.
• Extension Cylinder: Extension cylinder is
attached in between mother boom and first
extension. This is to extend the boom, to pick
up the load from long distance, i.e., from more
radius

18. Parts of
telescopic
cranes
• Winch: This is the part present on the mother
boom. This is the winch drum on which rope is
wounded. Winch motor is present inside the
housing. This is to rotate the winch drum for
winding and unwinding of rope. The other end of
the rope is connected with the snatch block hanging
from the boom.

19. Forces and
design
considerations
• The load lifted from the Jib head, gives the
loading on all the booms. Hence affects the
design of each boom.
• The load lifted from other variable hook, gives
the different force and moment on middle boom
and mother boom.
• The worse loading and moment is taken for the
basis of designing.

20. • The load lifted on mother boom fixed hook,
affects the designing of mother boom only.

21. Extending the Boom

22. Extending the Boom
First, Retract the
Tele Cyl Pins

23. Extending the Telescope to T4
Extend the Telescope
Cylinder to T4

24. Telescope in Motion

25. Telescope in Motion

26. Retracting the Boom Pins

27. T4 Section in Motion

28. T4 Section in Position

29. Extending the T4 Boom Pins

30. Retracting the Telescope Pins

31. Retracting the Telescope Pins

32. Telescope in Motion

33. Extend Telescope Pins in T3

34. Retract Boom Pins

35. Retract Boom Pins

36. T3 Section in Motion

37. T3 Section in Motion

38. Telescope in Motion

39. Telescope in Motion

40. Advantage of
telescopic
crane
• Telescopic cranes work on a boom and jib system.
The boom is made up of many tubes fitted inside
one another that can be extended through
hydraulics. Our telescopic cranes feature a jib, or
superstructure, at the top which enables the
telescopic crane to work as a tower crane.
• Telescopic cranes offer a very speedy set up, making
them perfect for emergency or rescue jobs.
• Another perk of telescopic cranes is their precision.
They can place heavy loads with exactitude whilst
being easily manoeuvrable and able to reach up
high.

41. reference
• FORCE DISTRIBUTION ON TELESCOPIC BOOM
OF CRANE, Navneet Kumar1* and Mohd.
Parvez1, Int. J. Mech. Eng. & Rob. Res. 2012
• Improving Tower Crane Productivity Using
Wireless Technology, Ung-Kyun Lee1*, Kyung-In
Kang2*, Gwang-Hee Kim3*, Hun-Hee Cho4*,
Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure
Engineering 21 (2006) 594–604