The document outlines various types of computer software, including operating systems (OS) like Microsoft Windows and Linux, along with their functions and interactions with hardware. It distinguishes between utility programs, application software, and various forms of data files, highlighting their roles in managing computers and performing specific user tasks. It further categorizes OS into standalone, network, and embedded types, illustrating the relationship between operating systems, applications, and data files.

1. Types of Computer Software
Prepared by Haider Ali Malik
Department of Botany
University of Sargodha

2. Operating System
• An OS is a program (some may say a set
of programs) that coordinates all the
activities of a computer

3. Microsoft Windows XP
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4. Apple Mac OS X
from Apple Computer

5. Redhat Linux
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6. Linux command-mode
from rr.sans.org

7. Sun Solaris Unix
from xfce.org

8. Microsoft DOS
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9. Microsoft Windows DOS
Prompt

10. How OS interact with computer?
POWER
1. Turn on the power

11. 2. The processor finds the ROM chip that contains the BIOS

12. 3. The BIOS performs POST

14. 4. The results of the POST are compared with data in
the CMOS chip
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15. 5. The BIOS looks for the system files in one of
the booting drives

16. 6. the system files and the #kernel of the OS load into RAM
from hard disk/booting drive
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17. 7. the OS loads configuration information and displays the
interface on the screen

18. Functions of OS
• User interface
• Job scheduling
• Program
management
• Single
user/single
tasking
• Multitasking
• Multi-user
• Multiprocessing
• Data management
• Device
management
• Security of access
• Resources
management
• Error detection and
response

19. Types of OS
• Standalone
• MS-DOS, Windows 9X, Windows NT
Workstation, Windows 2000 Prof, Windows
ME, Windows XP Home & Prof. Ed., MacOS
• Network
• Netware, Windows NT and 2000 Server,
Windows .NET Server, UNIX, Linux
• Embedded
• Windows CE, Pocket PC 2002, Palm OS

20. Utility programs
• A utility program is a type of system software
that performs a specific task, usually related to
managing a computer, its devices, or its
programs

21. Applications software
• Application software consists of programs that
perform specific tasks for users
• Word processing
• Spreadsheet software
• Database software
• Presentation graphics software
• Game
• Desktop publishing software
• Anti-virus scanner
• Web browser
• and etc.

22. Forms of applications software
• Packaged software
• Custom software
• Freeware
• Public domain software
• Shareware
• Software from ASP

23. Data files
• ppt
Presentation files
•xls
Spreadsheet files
• dbf, mdb
Database files
• txt, rtf, doc, pdf
Text document
• bmp, gif, jpeg, png, tiff
Image files
• midi, mp3, ra, wav
Sound files
• avi, mov, mpeg, rm
Video files

24. Relationship among OS,
applications s/w and data
files
User
Application
Software
Operating
System
Data
Files