Tympanometry is a technique used to assess middle ear function by measuring the mobility of the tympanic membrane (TM). It provides an objective and fast way to evaluate outer and middle ear pathology. Different types of tympanograms - Type A, As, Ad, B, and C - can be produced based on the middle ear pressure and compliance. Each type has a characteristic interpretation and examples of possible middle ear conditions it may indicate. The acoustic reflex is also measured to further analyze middle ear disorders.

1. TYMPANOMETRY
Presented by Rao Abdul Rehman

2. Tympanometry
Presented by
Rao Abdul Rehman
Audiologist NHM ENT ward no. 2

4. • Tympanometry is an electronic and acoustic measurement technique
to assess middle ear function
• It is an objective and fast and highly accurate way to rule out outer
and middle ear function pathology.

6. • When the pressure of EAC and middle ear becomes equal , maximum
mobility of TM happens & therefore max. flow of acoustic energy
(sound) occurs to middle ear.

7. Different types of Tympanogram
• Type A tympanogram

8. INTERPRETATION
• Normal tympanogram
• Normal ET function
• Mobilty of TM is normal

9. Type As Tympanogram

10. INTERPRETATION
• Middle ear pressure is normal
• Compliance is decrease
Example
Otosclerosis or any ossicular
fixation, tumors of middle ear
like glomus jugulare

11. Ad type tympanogram

13. INTERPRETATION
• Middle ear pressure is normal
• Compliance is high
• TM moves excessively
Example
• Ossicular discontinuity, thin & lax TM, loss of elasticity
• Also in post stapedectomy ear.

14. Type C tympanogram

15. INTERPRETATION
• Middle ear pressure is Negative (ET closure
• Compliance is normal
Example
Early stage of ET obstruction

16. TYPE B Tympanogram

17. INTERPRETATION
• Decreased( collection of secretions/fluid in middle ear). So dome
shaped curve
Example
Serous otitis media & adhesive otitis media (sequelae of SOM)

19. Acoustic reflex
• When an acoustic stimulus is delivered to ear canal at an intensity
between 70 to 90dBHL,one small muscle in middle ear ,the stapedius
, contract and creates the phenomena referred to as acoustic reflex.

20. Acoustic reflex pathway

21. Middle ear Disorder
• Middle ear disorder in which acoustic reflex is absent
• Otosclerosis will cause th stapes footplate adhere to bone
surrounding to oval window increase the stiffness of ossicular chain.
• Middle ear fluid will lose all compliance and stapedius contraction will
not inflence the imobilty of middle ear system
• Disarticulation will loss energy transfer across to ossicular chain