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TV Drama Terminology
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- 3. CAMERA Aerial Shot –overhead – used to emphasise spectacle Canted Shot – tilted – usually to create a feeling of disorientation Close up – involves the viewer in what is happening, focus on emotions, used to position the audience with the protagonist/prevalence Crab Shot – camera is placed in a confined space Deep focus – allows both objects that are near and far to be focused at the same time Establishing Shot – to establish the relationship between the location and the characters
- 4. CAMERA Hand held shot– makes it seem more real and the viewer is more involved Head on shot – action comes directly at the camera High angle – makes subject feel vulnerable, isolated and powerless Loose frame – used to show how much space is around the subject in the room to make them seem isolated Low angle – subject seems powerless Master shot – allows audience to make sense of the action that follows Pan
- 5. CAMERA Point of view– enhance a sense of realism and audience involvement Pull focus – focus changes from one subject to another – shows that something has become important Rule of thirds – subject is placed on the sides instead of the middle of the frame – makes it look more interesting and is often used to emphasised that they are talking to someone Shallow focus – front/subject is the focus and everything else is blurry – makes the subject seem more important Soft focus – hazy light/filter – romantic/sentimental
- 6. CAMERA Tight frame –shot is filled with person very little space around them – make them seem important or trapped Tilt – camera moves vertically up and down from a fixed position Tracking shot Whip pan – camera whips from one subject to another – surprises the viewer Zoom 180 degree rule – allows audience to understand positioning of characters Breaking the 180 degree rule – makes the audience seem disorientated/may reflect the feelings of characters
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- 8. EDITING Action match –allows audience to see a smooth action despite cuts Continuity editing – chronological order – creates a sense of realism – narrative is moving through time Cross cutting – editor cuts from two separate scenes happening in different locations – creates a link or contrast between two subjects Cutaway – a brief shot that is not necessary but it links with the main shot – emphasises the emotions that the main shot is meant to evoke Dissolve – often used to show time moving Ellipsis – speeds up the narrative by using two shots that are similar but in a different time period
- 9. EDITING Eyeline match –cutting from the character to what the character sees – makes viewer feel empathy for character Graphic match – a cut from one shot to another that is visually the same – shows a link between two scenes Jump cut – when there is a missing piece of action in the narrative but is in the same location/time period – used to disorientate viewer as well as the feelings of characters Linear narrative – beginning, middle and end – mainstream Long take – slows pace down of scene – calmer and peaceful
- 10. EDITING Montage – seriesof shots to show time passing Short take – speeds up pace making it more exciting and tense Shot reverse shot – sees the way characters respond to each othe Slow motion – for emotional or comic effect Split screen Superimpose – appearance of text in a shot allowing the viewer to have more information
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- 12. SOUND Ambient – establisheslocation – allows idealisms to be created by audience Asynchronous sound – when the sound is out of sync with the visuals/cannot be seen Contrapuntal – sound that contrasts with the visuals - normally used to show a contrast to emphasise the importance of what is happening Dialogue – accents, emotions, power Direct address/breaking the 4th wall – when the character talks directly to the camera – enables viewer to sympathise with them Diegetic – sound that the characters hear – sets the mood/explain why the characters are acting the way they are Non-diegetic – sound added at editing/characters cannot hear
- 13. SOUND Pitch Rhythm – beatof music Voice over Sound bridge – when a sound carries on from one shot to another – used for smooth transitioning to make it more real Soundtrack Sound effects Synchronous sound – in sync with the visuals and is related/filmed at the same time
- 14. SOUND Symphonic - musicperformed by a large orchestra Melody - a distinctive tune Atonal - no established key - horror films to add to the intensity of the situation Rhythmic - percussive sounds forming a beat Dissonant - lacking conventional harmonies
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- 16. MISE EN SCENE Highkey lighting – bright and well lit scene with very few shadows – happy, safe environment Low key lighting – dim and lots of shadows - makes the situation seem shady Body Shape and Language – informs the audience what type of person the character is Facial features and expressions – tells the audience their emotions about the situation/create ideas of stereotypes Props – there for a specific purpose to set the situation Costumes and colours
- 17. MISE EN SCENE Hairand makeup Voice and tone Location Breaking the fourth wall
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