This document summarizes trends in maintenance management approaches over time. It discusses early approaches like breakdown maintenance from before 1950. It then outlines the development of preventive maintenance between 1950-1960, predictive maintenance between 1960-1970, condition-based maintenance, total productive maintenance between 1970-1985, and computerized maintenance management systems after 1985. The document provides examples of each approach and concludes that while new trends emerge, older approaches still have applicability depending on the situation.

1. A Research Paper On
“Trend in Maintenance Management”
By
Er. Utkarsh Amaravat
(Anand Institute of Management, Anand)
To be presented at the National Conference On 4th
February, 2013 On “Trend and opportunities in Management
Discipline”
Organized by,
Anand Institute of Management, Anand
Affiliated to Gujarat Technological University
Abstract
In today’s competitive world its necessary any industry run their operation in smooth manner and deliver its
customer best products at minimum time, and to fulfil this purpose maintenance management is key area
where every industry work. Now a day’s continuous or mass production system is used in industry in which
if any one of the equipment is fail remaining all work schedule are disturbed, in this type of scenario
maintenance management important increase automatically. Maintenance management is not a new concept
but oldest in nature which passes so many phases of it journey. This paper derives various trend or concept
used in maintenance management to maintain equipment in running condition and also achieving optimum
level of productivity.
Maintenance Management
The old concept of Maintenance was “Maintenance is about preserving physical asset”. However, the new
concept is that “Maintenance is about preserving the functions of assets”. Maintenance can be define as “It is
a routine or a recurring process of keeping a particular machine or asset in its normal operating condition, so
that it can deliver its expected performance or service without causing any loss of time on account of
accidental damage or breakdown.”
Main function is to keep the equipment in working condition by replacing or repairing some of the
component of the machine and increased availability of production system, with increased safety and
optimized cost.
Maintenance management involve managing function of maintenance. Maintaining equipment in the field
has been a challenging task since the beginning of industrial revolution. Since then, a significant of progress
has been made to maintain equipment effectively in the field. As the engineering equipment becomes

2. sophisticated and expensive to produce and maintain, maintenance management has face even more
challenging situations to maintain effectively such equipments in industrial environment.
Maintenance Management is important aspect because,
1. It lowers down production unit cost
2. It minimize downtime
3. It improves total availability of system.
4. It extended useful life of equipment
5. It increases safety of personals.
6. It helps in reducing overtime and out-sourcing.
7. It provides better process stability.
8. It reduce maintenance part inventory.
Literature Review
1. Uysal F and Tosun O (2012) studied on Fuzzy Topics-based computerized maintenance management
system selection.
The researchers find out that to compare CMMS applications actual capabilities in order to select the
right one, rather than considering only their purchase cost.
2. Coopoosamy K (2011) studied on an integrated maintenance management system model for the
pharmaceutical industry.
The researcher find out that the integrated maintenance management model can be implemented within
the company.
3. Kumar S, Khan L A and Gandhi O P (2011) review on a kaleidoscopic view of psychology in design for
maintainability of mechanical system.
The researchers discuss in research paper about new shift in engineering design, in general and design
for maintainability (DFM) of mechanical systems.
4. Pophaley M and Vyas R K (2010) studied on plant maintenance management practices in automobile
industries: A retrospective and literature review.
The researchers find out that research work on plant maintenance management practices in automobile
industries under the traditional operation paradigm.
5. Lateef O A, Khamidi M F and Idrus A (2010) studied on building maintenance management in
Malaysian university campuses.
The researcher find out that building maintenance management associated services and the upkeep of the
building performance.
6. Gandhi O P (2007) review on maintenance management.

3. The researcher discusses in research paper about various aspects of maintenance management and
concluded to meet challenges.
7. Garg A and Deshmukh S G (2006) review on maintenance management – literature review and
directions.
The researcher find out that maintenance management range from various optimization models,
maintenance techniques, scheduling and information system etc.
8. Kans M (2006) review on computerized maintenance management support
The researcher discuss in research paper that maintenance management information system has change
in aspects- technology, function and strategy.
Trend in Maintenance Management
Actually, Maintenance is an age old function, which developed and progressed, knowingly or unknowingly,
along with the operation of the equipment/ machines. In early ages, maintenance was not a separate identity
but the job of maintenance was considered as part and parcel of operator’s job. This was possible because of
simplicity and openness of the machines. Even carvings on the Egyptian tomb “Ra-Em-Ka-“(about 2600 –
1700 BC) used lubrication to transport a stone mountain. Here some concept of Maintenance management
given as per there generation.
Before 1950,
1. Breakdown Maintenance Management System
Breakdown Maintenance concept/system is oldest concept in Maintenance management. In this not do
anything as long as everything is going well and maintenance repair is done after failure has already
occurred. The equipment allowed running undisturbed till it fails. This maintenance concept also called as
Reactive Maintenance Concept or Unplanned Maintenance or Operate to failure concept.
Breakdown maintenance can only be suitable for small scale industries where numbers of equipments are
few and sudden failure of equipment will not cause several financial losses in term of delivery commitment.
This system look to be simple and less expensive, but is not really so. It does not provide any guarantee of

4. reliability to the smooth production running. In breakdown maintenance downtime of equipment is high
after breakdown.
Between 1950 to 1960,
2. Preventive Maintenance Management System
Some group of Japanese engineers started a new concept/system in maintenance that consisted on following
the manufactures recommendation about the care that should be taken in the operation and maintenance of
machine and devices. That new concept was called Preventive Maintenance or Schedule Maintenance
Concept. This Maintenance program is scheduled in consultation with the production/operation department
so that relevant equipment is made available for maintenance work and utilizes idle time of equipment. In
this maintenance action such as inspection, lubrication, cleaning, adjustment and replacement are undertaken
at fixed interval of number of hours or kilometres. Although it reduces downtime it was an expensive
alternative. The reason many parts were replaced on a time basis, while they could have lasted longer. Also
many unnecessary man-hours were put into it and in not few cases excess lubrication caused more damage
than good.
Between 1960 to 1970,
3. Predictive Maintenance Management System
With time change new concept/system established which determined a more professional approach. This
assign of higher responsibility to all the people related to maintenance consisted of series of considerations
about the reliability and design of equipment and plant itself. When equipment/system is taken down for
maintenance, changing one or few warn out component opportunity can be utilized for maintenance,
changing other wearing out component even though they have not failed. This would probably be
economical in the long run. It is very beneficial for non-monitored component which are inaccessible for
inspection. This maintenance concept also called as Productive Maintenance Concept or Opportunity
Maintenance Concept or Reliability Maintenance Management Concept.

5. 4. Condition based Maintenance Management System
Condition monitoring detects and diagnoses faults and it helps in planned maintenance based on equipment
condition. This condition based on maintenance strategy is preferred for critical system and for such system
breakdown maintenance is to be avoided. A number of condition based maintenance techniques such as
vibration, temperature, oil analysis, etc. Have been developed, which guide the users in planned
maintenance.
Between 1970 to 1985,
5. Total Productive Maintenance Management System
The globalization of the market created new stronger needs for excellence in all activities. The world class
standards in terms of equipment maintenance were understood, a dynamic system was created. Total
Productive Maintenance is a continuous improvement concept that has proven to be effective, first in Japan
and now back in America (where first created). It is about the involvement and participation of each and
every one of the members in the organizations toward optimizing the outcome of each piece of equipment.
This is a completely new philosophy is different approach that will keep updated by itself. It implies a
continuous improvement in all aspect and is also called Total Participation Maintenance.
The purpose is to transform the attitude of all the members of the industrial community, all kinds and levels
of workers, operators, supervisors, engineers, administrators are included in this major responsibility. TPM
implementation is a goal that all company members share. It also generates benefits for all. Through this
effort, all are responsible for the up keeping of the equipment. It becomes more productive, safer and easier
to operate and even looks nicer. The participation of people, who are not familiar with the equipment and its
operation, enriches the result because their observations are in many cases more objective than those of the
people who live with equipment in a daily basis.
6. Routine Maintenance Management System
It is the Simplest form of part maintenance but very essential which Carrying out minor maintenance job
such as cleaning, lubrication, inspection, minor adjustment of pressure, flow, tightness, etc. or inspection of
bearing, belts, coupling, joints, foundations, bolts, earthings, etc. at regular intervals. Small/Critical effects
using such inspection are rectified immediately. It is not need base, all equipment are inspected. It may
consider small portion of preventive maintenance. It needs very little investment in terms of time and
money. The duration routine maintenance is generally so small that it does not affect the output of machine
appreciably. However, the cost of not doing routine maintenance may be very high as a small develop in
big and catastrophic failure.

6. After 1985,
7. Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS)
It is also known as Enterprise Asset Management and Computerized Maintenance Management Information
System (CMMIS). A CMMS software package maintains a computer database of information about an
organization’s maintenance operations. This information is intended to help maintenance worker do their
jobs more effectively and to help management make informed decisions. CMMS data may also be used to
verify regulatory compliance. CMMS package may be used by any organization that must perform
maintenance on equipment, assets and property. CMMS packages can produce status reports and documents
giving details or summaries of maintenance activities. The more sophisticated the package, the more
analysis facilities are available. Many CMMS packages can be either web based meaning they are hosted by
the company selling the product on an outside server or LAN based meaning that the company buying the
software hosts the product on their own server.
Selection criteria for selection of good Maintenance Management System
Presently many maintenance management systems are in use in industries and selection has to be made
depending the need, complexity and reliability needed and also considering techno-economics. Criteria must
consider are-
1) Work Procedures (Maintenance and Operation etc.)
2) Problems, Defect and Fault Reports
3) Work Schedules, Job Orders etc.
4) Work History
5) Assets
6) Inventory
7) Finance, etc.

7. Conclusion
All above discussion has briefly focused on the various trend of maintenance management. In maintenance
new trend come out but old trend not closed or go out because all maintenance management system has their
own applicability. Maintenance management plays larger role in years to follow as industrial growth
increase worldwide and increase competition and automation of plants. As industrial progress increases the
downtime cost for system is increase and to meet these challenges, maintenance person has to use latest
technology and develop management skill to perform effective role in industrial profit.
Bibliography
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