This 3-page document discusses translation between the many languages of India. It notes that India has over 22 major languages and 10,000 dialects. The document discusses 2 levels of translation: 1) a formal, literal replacement that can generate a lifeless text, and 2) capturing the linguistic, thematic, and socio-cultural contents to produce an equivalent text suited to the target language. It also discusses some common problems in translation between Indian languages and English, such as words with multiple meanings, different kinship terms, and cultural concepts that do not directly translate. The document concludes by noting the challenges of translating literature and poetry between languages.

1. Komal P. Bhalani
Sem:-3
Paper No:-5
Translation Study
Year:-2012

2. •Multilingual And Multicultural
•22 Major Indian Language
•10 Thousand Dialectic Language
“Translation moves people from one
language to another, from one culture
to another.”

3. Deeply embedded
in its own culture.
A Text
Replacement, along with the sense of appropriateness.

4. Replacement
1. Level 2. Level
 Formal and Literal Capturing the linguistic &
Replacement thematic contents of the socio-
cultural content and then
producing the equivalent text in
the terms of the genius of the
Generate target.
A Lifeless, Soulless,
debased Text.
“Good Translator must have knowledge of the source
language the target language and culture.”

5. problems
FIRST
Exact lexical equivalent in the mother tongue of lexical item in a
language like English.
English 10 different meanings used with specially in
10 different contexts.
Hindi,
Begali, or
There may be only one.
Marathi
Areas of kinship relationship
In India In English
4 types of “uncles” One Generic “uncle”

6. SECOND
Linguistically &
Indic pattern same
Culturaly.
 English Pattern
It makes syntactically and
semantically distinction
•The present perfect progressive •The present progressive tenses.

7. THIRD
Reflect
Indian culture, Behavior, pattern of
thinking and internal relationship.
English
A neutral variety of English ignoring the Mechanism used by
honorifics used in Indian Language. writing like Mulkraj Anand
and Khushvantsinh.

8. Phrase:
“Pushp-shaiya
Loose its value when translated in
English
Flower bed
“The person with a good sensibility who can be a good
translator.”
“A good translator does not need any training.”

9. Varieties of Translation
1. Informative (Announcements at railway platforms).
2. Ordinary Prose that has no outstanding characteristics.
3. Literature.
4. Learned, scientific, technical, and practical writing.

10. Literature.
1. The literature of power when the emotional aspect is
dominate.
2. The Literature of knowledge where the content is more
important manner of explosion is well known.

11. “Poetry cannot be translated”
Dr. Johnson
“All translation seems to be simply an attempt to solve an
insolvable problem.”
Virginia Woolf

12.  Reaching to wider audence.
Translating in to a similar grammatical
structure and glossarial affinities.
Malyalam Novel
Difficult easy
Bengali & Hindi Tamil & Kannada
(Same family)

13. Submitted to,
Dept. of English,
Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji,
Bhavnagar University.