The document provides an overview of transient disturbances in electrical systems, indicating they are brief changes in voltage and current caused by factors like switching operations and faults. It discusses transient disturbance analyzers, which are advanced devices used to capture and analyze these short-duration events, emphasizing their importance in assessing potential damage to equipment. Additionally, the document distinguishes between conventional and graphic analyzers for recording and presenting various forms of electrical disturbances.

1. Shri Sad Vidya Mandal
Institute Of Technology
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Branch :- Electrical (8 𝑡ℎ 𝑆𝑒𝑚)
Presented by :-
Jha Rajiv P. 150450109012
Guided By :- Prof. A.K.Mehta

2. CONTENTS.
a. What is transient disturbance?
b. Some causes of transient disturbances.
c. Transient disturbance analyser.
d. Types of analysers.
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3. WHAT IS TRANSIENT DISTURBANCE?
 The term transient usually originates from electric circuit theory
where it describes voltage and current variations from its present
steady state to next steady state.
 In the power system the term transient is usually denotes abrupt
change in voltage and current for short duration.
 Usually for duration less than period of power system voltage and
current signal(50-60 Hz).
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4. WHAT IS TRANSIENT DISTURBANCE?
 Previously it was considered that transient disturbances are only
because of incorrect operation of circuit breakers and switching of
high voltage line.
 Electronic equipment have very less voltage handling capacities.
 Temporal fluctuations produces parity error and interrupts protection
system.
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5. SOME CAUSES OF TRANSIENT
DISTURBANCES.
 Switching operations, faults, and other disturbances like lightning
strikes.
 Shutdown of heavily load circuits.
 Necessary commutation of a high powered network (e.g, pf
correction)
 Loose connections in the distribution system that results to arcing
accidents.
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6. TRANSIENT DISTURBANCE ANALYSER
 Transient-disturbance analyzers are advanced data acquisition devices
for capturing, storing, and presenting short-duration, sub-cycle power
system disturbances.
 It is not untypical for transient-disturbance recorders to have
sampling rates in the range of 2 to 4 million samples per second.
 Transient events are recorded in terms of their amplitude and
frequency content.
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FIGURE 1 Handheld harmonic analyzer showing voltage leads and current probe for voltage and current
harmonic measurements. (Photograph courtesy of Fluke.)

8. TRANSIENT DISTURBANCE ANALYSER
 Both these attributes are essential for performing transient analysis.
 Amplitude of the waveform provides information about the potential
for damage to the affected equipment.
 Frequency content informs us as to how the events may couple to
other circuits and how they might be mitigated.
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FIGURE 2 Switching transient disturbance with a peak of 562 V and a frequency content of 20 kHz

10. TRANSIENT DISTURBANCE ANALYSER
 Figure 2 shows a transient that reached peak amplitude of 562 V with
a frequency content of approximately 200 kHz.
 The length of the wires used to connect the instrumentation to the
test points becomes very important to measure fast rise time.
 The leads should be kept as short as possible.
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11. TRANSIENT DISTURBANCE ANALYSER
 In order to minimize noise pickup from external sources.
 The leads should be kept as straight as possible without sharp bends or
loops.
 Excess lead length should never be wound into a coil.
 Current transformers used in transient current measurement must have a
peak current rating at least equal to the maximum expected current.
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FIGURE 3 Current transformer saturation resulting in the loss of vital peak current information.

13. Conventional
analyser
Graphic
analyser
Conventional analyser.
This records the information like
overvoltage, under voltage, sags,
swells with magnitude and
duration and transients.
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Type of analyser

14. Conventional
analyser
Graphic
analyser
Graphic analyser.
They records, save and print real
waveforms with all possible
information.
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Type of analyser

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